在嵌套for循环中苦苦挣扎

时间:2016-12-21 20:02:03

标签: c# loops for-loop

给定主号码和数字子集,想要找到加起来主号码的子集号码的所有可能组合。 e.g:

INPUT

主要:10
子集:2,3,5,7

输出

结果:3 + 7 = 10,2 + 3 + 5 = 10
**注意:5 + 5 = 10不是有效结果。 **

这是我到目前为止所处的位置:

// Main traversal
for (int a = 0; a < nums.Length; a++)
{
    sum = a;

    for (int b = a + 1; b < nums.Length; b++)
    {
      // Thinking this should be the loop that determines 
      // how many numbers are added together. 
      // e.g. Sum of 2 numbers, sum of 3 numbers, etc
        for (int c = a + 1; c < nums.Length; c++)
        {
            sum += nums[b + c];
        }
        if (sum == mainNumber)
            result += "Match found!\n";
    }
}

我主要是在努力理解'for循环'。我试图找到一个'for loop'可视化器,但没有运气。或者,递归会使这个问题更容易解决吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:5)

将for循环视为圆圈。嵌套循环就像圆圈内的圆圈。

Circles within circles

谢天谢地,你的情况并不像这个那么复杂。在这张图片中,一个大圆圈是一个只有一次的for循环。在for循环中,其他循环多次都是真的。每个不同大小的圆圈都是不同的循环。

我用稍微更具描述性的名称重写了你的代码,并且唯一的目的是解释循环 - 我把所有的&#34;有用的&#34;填写,然后放入console.writeline语句。

 // I'm using 5 as an example check here.
for (int outerLoopCounter = 0; outerLoopCounter < 5; outerLoopCounter++)
{
    Console.WriteLine("OUTER:             {0}", outerLoopCounter);

    for (int middleLoopCounter = 0; middleLoopCounter < 5; middleLoopCounter++)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("MIDDLE:              {0}", middleLoopCounter);

        for (int innerLoopCounter = 0; innerLoopCounter < 5; innerLoopCounter++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("INNER:                 {0}", innerLoopCounter);
        }
    }
}

输出如下:

OUTER:             0
MIDDLE:              0
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              1
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              2
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              3
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              4
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
OUTER:             1
MIDDLE:              0
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              1
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              2
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              3
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              4
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
OUTER:             2
MIDDLE:              0
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              1
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              2
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              3
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              4
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
OUTER:             3
MIDDLE:              0
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              1
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              2
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              3
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              4
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
OUTER:             4
MIDDLE:              0
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              1
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              2
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              3
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4
MIDDLE:              4
INNER:                 0
INNER:                 1
INNER:                 2
INNER:                 3
INNER:                 4

如果你看缩进,你可以看到一个模式。最靠近文本(左侧)的数字从外环输出。中间的那些来自中间循环,最右边的数字来自最里面的循环。

如您所见,外环正在缓慢旋转,数到四(01234),直到它不再小于5,此时它退出循环。中间圆圈(循环)计数稍快。每次外循环递增1时,它会变为四次(再次为0-4)。并且内圈很快就会旋转 - 每次中间圈增量时它会计入四次并退出。