我在一个只有两列的目录中有很多(几十个)TSV文件,我想根据第一列值合并所有这些文件(两列都有我需要维护的标题);如果存在此值,则必须添加相应第二列的值,依此类推(参见示例)。文件可能具有不同的行数,而不是按第一列排序,尽管可以通过排序轻松完成。
我尝试过加入,但只适用于两个文件。可以为目录中的所有文件扩展连接吗?我认为 awk 可能是更好的解决方案,但我在awk中的知识非常有限。有什么想法吗?
以下是三个文件的示例:
S01.tsv
Accesion S01
AJ863320 1
AM930424 1
AY664038 2
S02.tsv
Accesion S02
AJ863320 2
AM930424 1
EU236327 1
EU434346 2
S03.tsv
Accesion S03
AJ863320 5
EU236327 2
EU434346 2
Outfile应该是:
Accesion S01 S02 S03
AJ863320 1 2 5
AM930424 1 1
AY664038 2
EU236327 1 2
EU434346 2 2
好的,多亏了詹姆斯·布朗,我得到了这段代码(我把它命名为compile.awk),但有一些小问题:
BEGIN { OFS="\t" } # tab separated columns
FNR==1 { f++ } # counter of files
{
a[0][$1]=$1 # reset the key for every record
for(i=2;i<=NF;i++) # for each non-key element
a[f][$1]=a[f][$1] $i ( i==NF?"":OFS ) # combine them to array element
}
END { # in the end
for(i in a[0]) # go thru every key
for(j=0;j<=f;j++) # and all related array elements
printf "%s%s", a[j][i], (j==f?ORS:OFS)
} # output them, nonexistent will output empty
当我使用实际文件
运行它时awk -f compile.awk 01.tsv 02.tsv 03.tsv
我得到的输出为:
LN854586.1.1236 1
JF128382.1.1303 1
Accesion S01 S02 S03
JN233077.1.1420 1
HQ836180.1.1388 1
KP718814.1.1338 1
JQ781640.1.1200 2
前两行不属于那里,因为文件应该以所有文件的标题(第三行)开头。 任何想法如何解决这个问题?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
我可能会解决这个问题:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my @header;
my %all_rows;
my %seen_cols;
#read STDIN or files specified as args.
while ( <> ) {
#detect a header row by keyword.
#can probably do this after 'open' but this way
#means we can use <> and an arbitrary file list.
if ( m/^Accesion/ ) {
@header = split;
shift @header; #drop "accession" off the list so it's just S01,02,03 etc.
$seen_cols{$_}++ for @header; #keep track of uniques.
}
else {
#not a header row - split the row on whitespace.
#can do /\t/ if that's not good enough, but it looks like it should be.
my ( $ID, @fields ) = split;
#use has slice to populate row.
my %this_row;
@this_row{@header} = @fields;
#debugging
print Dumper \%this_row;
#push each field onto the all rows hash.
foreach my $column ( @header ) {
#append current to field, in case there's duplicates (no overwriting)
$all_rows{$ID}{$column} .= $this_row{$column};
}
}
}
#print for debugging
print Dumper \%all_rows;
print Dumper \%seen_cols;
#grab list of column headings we've seen, and order them.
my @cols_to_print = sort keys %seen_cols;
#print header row.
print join "\t", "Accesion", @cols_to_print,"\n";
#iteate keys, and splice.
foreach my $key ( sort keys %all_rows ) {
#print one row at a time.
#map iterates all the columns, and gives the value or an empty string
#if it's undefined. (prevents errors)
print join "\t", $key, (map { $all_rows{$key}{$_} // '' } @cols_to_print),"\n"
}
鉴于您的输入 - 排除调试 - 打印:
Accesion S01 S02 S03
AJ863320 1 2 5
AM930424 1 1
AY664038 2
EU236327 1 2
EU434346 2 2