使用RecyclerView和GridLayoutManager的简单Android网格示例（就像旧的GridView一样）

时间：2016-11-14 11:02:33

标签： android gridview android-recyclerview gridlayoutmanager

我知道RecyclerView已取代旧ListView和GridView的功能。我正在寻找一个非常基本的示例，它使用RecyclerView显示最小的网格设置。我不是在寻找长篇教程风格的解释，只是一个最小的例子。我想模仿旧GridView的最简单的网格将包含以下功能：

  • 每行多个单元格
  • 每个单元格中的单个视图
  • 响应点击事件

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：392)

简短回答

对于那些已经熟悉setting up a RecyclerView to make a list的人来说，好消息是制作网格大致相同。设置GridLayoutManager时，只需使用LinearLayoutManager代替RecyclerView。

recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, numberOfColumns));

如果您需要更多帮助，请查看以下示例。

完整示例

以下是一个最小示例，如下图所示。

enter image description here

从空活动开始。您将执行以下任务以添加RecyclerView网格。您需要做的就是复制并粘贴每个部分中的代码。稍后您可以根据自己的需要进行自定义。

  • 将依赖项添加到gradle
  • 为活动和网格单元添加xml布局文件
  • 制作RecyclerView适配器
  • 在您的活动中初始化RecyclerView

更新Gradle依赖项

确保您的应用gradle.build文件中包含以下依赖项：

compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'

您可以将版本号更新为the most current。

创建活动布局

将RecyclerView添加到xml布局。

activity_main.xml中 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rvNumbers"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</RelativeLayout>

创建网格单元格布局

RecyclerView网格中的每个单元格只有一个TextView。创建一个新的布局资源文件。

recyclerview_item.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:padding="5dp"
    android:layout_width="50dp"
    android:layout_height="50dp">

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/info_text"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:background="@color/colorAccent"/>

</LinearLayout>

创建适配器

RecyclerView需要一个适配器来填充每个单元格中包含数据的视图。创建一个新的java文件。

MyRecyclerViewAdapter.java 

public class MyRecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private String[] mData;
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private ItemClickListener mClickListener;

    // data is passed into the constructor
    MyRecyclerViewAdapter(Context context, String[] data) {
        this.mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        this.mData = data;
    }

    // inflates the cell layout from xml when needed
    @Override
    @NonNull 
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_item, parent, false);
        return new ViewHolder(view);
    }

    // binds the data to the TextView in each cell
    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.myTextView.setText(mData[position]);
    }

    // total number of cells
    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mData.length;
    }


    // stores and recycles views as they are scrolled off screen
    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener {
        TextView myTextView;

        ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            myTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.info_text);
            itemView.setOnClickListener(this);
        }

        @Override
        public void onClick(View view) {
            if (mClickListener != null) mClickListener.onItemClick(view, getAdapterPosition());
        }
    }

    // convenience method for getting data at click position
    String getItem(int id) {
        return mData[id];
    }

    // allows clicks events to be caught
    void setClickListener(ItemClickListener itemClickListener) {
        this.mClickListener = itemClickListener;
    }

    // parent activity will implement this method to respond to click events
    public interface ItemClickListener {
        void onItemClick(View view, int position);
    }
}

注释

  • 虽然不是绝对必要，但我还提供了在单元格上侦听点击事件的功能。这在旧的GridView中可用，并且是常见的需求。如果您不需要，可以删除此代码。

在活动中初始化RecyclerView

将以下代码添加到您的主要活动中。

MainActivity.java 

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ItemClickListener {

    MyRecyclerViewAdapter adapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        // data to populate the RecyclerView with
        String[] data = {"1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "11", "12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17", "18", "19", "20", "21", "22", "23", "24", "25", "26", "27", "28", "29", "30", "31", "32", "33", "34", "35", "36", "37", "38", "39", "40", "41", "42", "43", "44", "45", "46", "47", "48"};

        // set up the RecyclerView
        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.rvNumbers);
        int numberOfColumns = 6;
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, numberOfColumns));
        adapter = new MyRecyclerViewAdapter(this, data);
        adapter.setClickListener(this);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClick(View view, int position) {
        Log.i("TAG", "You clicked number " + adapter.getItem(position) + ", which is at cell position " + position);
    }
}

注释

  • 请注意，该活动实现了我们在适配器中定义的ItemClickListener。这允许我们在onItemClick。
    • 中处理单元格点击事件

完成

那就是它。您现在应该可以运行项目并获得与顶部图像类似的内容。

继续

圆角

自动拟合列

进一步研究

答案 1 :(得分：6)

虽然我喜欢并感谢Suragch's answer，但我想留言，因为我发现编码 Adapter （MyRecyclerViewAdapter）来定义和公开Listener方法由于没有正确使用类封装，onItemClick不是最好的方法。所以我的建议是让 Adapter 单独处理Listening操作（这是他的目的！）并将它们与使用 Adapter 的Activity分开（{{ 1}}）。这就是我设置Adapter类的方法：

MyRecyclerViewAdapter.java 

MainActivity

请注意public class MyRecyclerViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ViewHolder> { private String[] mData = new String[0]; private LayoutInflater mInflater; // Data is passed into the constructor public MyRecyclerViewAdapter(Context context, String[] data) { this.mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); this.mData = data; } // Inflates the cell layout from xml when needed @Override public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { View view = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_item, parent, false); ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view); return viewHolder; } // Binds the data to the textview in each cell @Override public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) { String animal = mData[position]; holder.myTextView.setText(animal); } // Total number of cells @Override public int getItemCount() { return mData.length; } // Stores and recycles views as they are scrolled off screen public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder implements View.OnClickListener { public TextView myTextView; public ViewHolder(View itemView) { super(itemView); myTextView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.info_text); itemView.setOnClickListener(this); } @Override public void onClick(View view) { onItemClick(view, getAdapterPosition()); } } // Convenience method for getting data at click position public String getItem(int id) { return mData[id]; } // Method that executes your code for the action received public void onItemClick(View view, int position) { Log.i("TAG", "You clicked number " + getItem(position).toString() + ", which is at cell position " + position); } } 中现在定义的onItemClick方法，您可以在此处为所接收的事件/操作编写任务代码。

要完成此转换，只需做一些小改动： Activity 不再需要实现MyRecyclerViewAdapter，因为现在完全由适配器。这将是最后的修改：

MainActivity.java 

MyRecyclerViewAdapter.ItemClickListener

答案 2 :(得分：1)

您必须将recyclerview layoutmanager设置为Gridlayout模式，为此，只需在要设置RecyclerView LayoutManager时更改代码即可：

注意：将所需的列数替换为### HELP ### 

superview.clipsToBounds = false

答案 3 :(得分：1)

设置RecyclerView初始化

recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(this, 4));

答案 4 :(得分：0)

Medium guideline source

GitHub repo

在build.gradle中添加RecyclerView依赖项

compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.1.1'

activity_main.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    >

    <!--TODO(2): RecyclerView inside FrameLayout-->

    <android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rvStudents"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:scrollbars="none"
        >
    </android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

    <!--TODO(3): Create one layout resource with item_student.xml name-->

</FrameLayout>

item_student.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="#d2d2d2"
    android:id="@+id/llItemStudents"
    android:layout_margin="8dp"
    >

    <!--TODO(4): Remember to change the height of LinearLayout to wrap_content and also add its ID-->

    <!--TODO(5): Add two TextView which will display student name and mobile number respectively-->

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvStudentName"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="8dp"
        android:padding="8dp"
        android:textSize="25sp"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvMobileNumber"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_margin="8dp"
        android:padding="8dp"
        android:textSize="22sp"
        android:textStyle="bold"
        android:textColor="@color/colorAccent"
        />

</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.java 

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;
import android.text.Layout;

import java.util.ArrayList;

/*
 * Demo Code of Recycler View
 * Created on: 19th Feb, 2017
 * Author Name: Rajat Talesra
 * Company Name: WiseL
 * This code is for Android Monk Campus Program.
 */

/*
 * Recycler View is mainly used to show dynamic list of data.
 * Many applications including Whatsapp, Facebook, Gmail, etc. used RecyclerView
 *
 * RecyclerView mainly uses two main components LayoutManager and Adapter
 *
 * LayoutManger: Helps to arrange data in LinearLayout or GridLayout
 *
 * Adapter: Helps to connect our recycler view with the custom layout and display data on screen
 *
 * In this demo we will display students list with their names and mobile numbers.
 */

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    //TODO(6): Create arrayList for student names and ids.

    ArrayList<String> namesArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
    ArrayList<String> mobileArrayList = new ArrayList<>();

    //TODO(7): Declare below mentioned components.

    RecyclerView rvStudentsList;
    RecyclerView.LayoutManager rvLayoutManager;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //TODO(10): Add data to arrayList
        namesArrayList.add("Student 1");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 2");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 3");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 4");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 5");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 6");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 7");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 8");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 9");
        namesArrayList.add("Student 10");

        mobileArrayList.add("8766986401");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986402");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986403");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986404");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986405");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986406");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986407");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986408");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986409");
        mobileArrayList.add("8766986410");

        //TODO(9): Connect UI elements with java objects.
        rvStudentsList = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.rvStudents);


        //User this to display items vertically
        //rvLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);

        //User this to display items in Grid Layout with 2 columns
        rvLayoutManager = new GridLayoutManager(this,2);

        //TODO(10): Attach layoutManager to recycler view
        rvStudentsList.setLayoutManager(rvLayoutManager);

        /*
         * Now we need to create one adapter, so that we can display data row wise
         * For this we will create our custom adapter, i.e. StudentAdapter.java
         */

        //TODO(11): Create new java class StudentAdapter.java

        //TODO(16): Pass data to our custom adapter
        StudentAdapter studentAdapter = new StudentAdapter(this,namesArrayList,mobileArrayList);

        //TODO(17): Attach studentAdapter to recycler view

        rvStudentsList.setAdapter(studentAdapter);

        //TODO(18): Run your app.

    }
}

StudentAdapter.java 

import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;

//TODO(12): StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView Adapter with ViewHolder class


public class StudentAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StudentAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    //TODO(13): Create two empty arrayList and one context variable;

    Context mainActivityContext;
    ArrayList<String> namesArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
    ArrayList<String> mobileArrayList = new ArrayList<>();

    //TODO(14): Create one constructor with three parameters which will passed from MainActivity class

    public StudentAdapter(Context mainActivityContext, ArrayList<String> namesArrayList, ArrayList<String> mobileArrayList) {
        this.mainActivityContext = mainActivityContext;
        this.namesArrayList = namesArrayList;
        this.mobileArrayList = mobileArrayList;
    }

    //TODO(15): Complete each method as mentioned below


    @Override
    public StudentAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        //Used to connect our custom UI to our recycler view

        View v = LayoutInflater
                .from(parent.getContext())
                .inflate(R.layout.item_student, parent, false);

        return new ViewHolder(v);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(StudentAdapter.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        //Used to set data in each row of recycler view

        String currentName = namesArrayList.get(position);
        String currentMobileNumber = mobileArrayList.get(position);

        holder.tvName.setText(currentName);
        holder.tvMobileNumber.setText(currentMobileNumber);

    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        //Returns total number of rows inside recycler view

        return namesArrayList.size();
    }

    public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        //Used to work with the elements of our custom UI.

        LinearLayout llItemStudents;

        TextView tvName;
        TextView tvMobileNumber;

        public ViewHolder(View itemView) {
            super(itemView);

            tvName = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.tvStudentName);
            tvMobileNumber = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.tvMobileNumber);

            llItemStudents = (LinearLayout) itemView.findViewById(R.id.llItemStudents);

            llItemStudents.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(mainActivityContext,
                            "You clicked item number: "+ getAdapterPosition(),
                            Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });

        }
    }
}

也请访问official doc

答案 5 :(得分：0)

这是仅来自XML的简单方法

spanCount 用于列数

layoutManager 用于使其成为网格或线性（垂直或水平）

<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/personListRecyclerView"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        app:layoutManager="androidx.recyclerview.widget.GridLayoutManager"
        app:spanCount="2"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
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