Question

按照本教程：https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/java-webapp-runner，我更改了POM以包含我的Web应用程序的几个依赖项和源代码（servlet），以利用init()方法中添加的依赖项来加载文件。我使用webapp-runner和mvn heroku:run-war在本地测试了应用程序，并且servlet按预期工作！但是，当我使用mvn heroku:deploy-war部署到Heroku时，我在完成部署后导航到链接，当我第一次打开链接时出现以下错误：

HTTP Status 500 - Servlet.init() for servlet HelloWorld threw exception

type Exception report

message Servlet.init() for servlet HelloWorld threw exception

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet HelloWorld threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:521)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1096)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:674)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<init>(NativeOpsHolder.java:16)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<clinit>(NativeOpsHolder.java:9)
    org.nd4j.linalg.cpu.nativecpu.ops.NativeOpExecutioner.<init>(NativeOpExecutioner.java:37)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initWithBackend(Nd4j.java:5267)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initContext(Nd4j.java:5183)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.<clinit>(Nd4j.java:167)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxt(WordVectorSerializer.java:1578)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxtVectors(WordVectorSerializer.java:1502)
    herokutest.HelloWorld.init(HelloWorld.java:41)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:521)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1096)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:674)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

java.lang.RuntimeException: ND4J is probably missing dependencies. For more information, please refer to: http://nd4j.org/getstarted.html
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOps.<clinit>(NativeOps.java:39)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<init>(NativeOpsHolder.java:16)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<clinit>(NativeOpsHolder.java:9)
    org.nd4j.linalg.cpu.nativecpu.ops.NativeOpExecutioner.<init>(NativeOpExecutioner.java:37)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initWithBackend(Nd4j.java:5267)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initContext(Nd4j.java:5183)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.<clinit>(Nd4j.java:167)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxt(WordVectorSerializer.java:1578)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxtVectors(WordVectorSerializer.java:1502)
    herokutest.HelloWorld.init(HelloWorld.java:41)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:521)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1096)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:674)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no jnind4j in java.library.path
    java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1867)
    java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:870)
    java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1122)
    org.bytedeco.javacpp.Loader.loadLibrary(Loader.java:727)
    org.bytedeco.javacpp.Loader.load(Loader.java:502)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOps.<clinit>(NativeOps.java:37)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<init>(NativeOpsHolder.java:16)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<clinit>(NativeOpsHolder.java:9)
    org.nd4j.linalg.cpu.nativecpu.ops.NativeOpExecutioner.<init>(NativeOpExecutioner.java:37)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initWithBackend(Nd4j.java:5267)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initContext(Nd4j.java:5183)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.<clinit>(Nd4j.java:167)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxt(WordVectorSerializer.java:1578)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxtVectors(WordVectorSerializer.java:1502)
    herokutest.HelloWorld.init(HelloWorld.java:41)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:521)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1096)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:674)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

root cause

java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no nd4j in java.library.path
    java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1867)
    java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:870)
    java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1122)
    org.bytedeco.javacpp.Loader.loadLibrary(Loader.java:727)
    org.bytedeco.javacpp.Loader.load(Loader.java:493)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOps.<clinit>(NativeOps.java:37)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<init>(NativeOpsHolder.java:16)
    org.nd4j.nativeblas.NativeOpsHolder.<clinit>(NativeOpsHolder.java:9)
    org.nd4j.linalg.cpu.nativecpu.ops.NativeOpExecutioner.<init>(NativeOpExecutioner.java:37)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:442)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initWithBackend(Nd4j.java:5267)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.initContext(Nd4j.java:5183)
    org.nd4j.linalg.factory.Nd4j.<clinit>(Nd4j.java:167)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxt(WordVectorSerializer.java:1578)
    org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer.loadTxtVectors(WordVectorSerializer.java:1502)
    herokutest.HelloWorld.init(HelloWorld.java:41)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:521)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1096)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:674)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

Procfile

web:    java $JAVA_OPTS -jar target/dependency/webapp-runner.jar --port $PORT target/*.war

的pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.tomcat.heroku</groupId>
  <artifactId>heroku-tomcat</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>heroku-tomcat Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>


  <properties>
    <nd4j.version>0.6.0</nd4j.version>
    <dl4j.version>0.6.0</dl4j.version>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  </properties>


  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.deeplearning4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>deeplearning4j-ui</artifactId>
      <version>${dl4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.deeplearning4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>deeplearning4j-nlp</artifactId>
      <version>${dl4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.nd4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>nd4j-native</artifactId>
      <version>${nd4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.nd4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>nd4j-common</artifactId>
      <version>${nd4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>



  </dependencies>


  <build>
    <finalName>heroku-tomcat</finalName>
    <plugins>

        <plugin>
          <groupId>com.heroku.sdk</groupId>
          <artifactId>heroku-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>1.1.1</version>
        </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals><goal>copy</goal></goals>
            <configuration>
              <artifactItems>
                <artifactItem>
                  <groupId>com.github.jsimone</groupId>
                  <artifactId>webapp-runner</artifactId>
                  <version>8.0.30.2</version>
                  <destFileName>webapp-runner.jar</destFileName>
                </artifactItem>
              </artifactItems>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>


</project>

源代码：

package herokutest;

import org.apache.commons.lang.math.NumberUtils;
import org.bytedeco.javacpp.presets.opencv_core;
import org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.loader.WordVectorSerializer;
import org.deeplearning4j.models.embeddings.wordvectors.WordVectors;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;

/**
 * Created by Mr_RexZ on 10/23/2016.
 */
public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet {

    private String message;
    String loc="/WEB-INF/glove.6B.50d.txt";


    @javax.ws.rs.core.Context
    ServletContext context;
    WordVectors wordVectors;

    public void init(final ServletConfig config) throws ServletException
    {
        message = "Hi";

        String fullPath = config.getServletContext().getRealPath(loc);
        File file = new File(fullPath);
        try {
            wordVectors = WordVectorSerializer.loadTxtVectors(file);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
                      HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException
    {

        response.setContentType("text/html");

        boolean submitSim = request.getParameter("submitSim") != null;
        boolean submitAn = request.getParameter("submitAn") != null;


        String findSim = request.getParameter("findSim");
        request.setAttribute("findSim", findSim);

        String resSim = request.getParameter("resSim");
        request.setAttribute("resSim", resSim);
        if (request.getParameter("numSim")!=null && NumberUtils.isNumber(request.getParameter("numSim"))) {
            int numSim = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("numSim"));
            request.setAttribute("numSim", request.getParameter("numSim"));

        if(submitSim) {
            Collection<String> lst = wordVectors.wordsNearest(findSim, numSim);
            request.setAttribute("resSim", Arrays.toString(lst.toArray()));
        }

        }
        String an1 = request.getParameter("an1");
        String an2 = request.getParameter("an2");
        String an3 = request.getParameter("an3");
        request.setAttribute("an1", an1);
        request.setAttribute("an2", an2);
        request.setAttribute("an3", an3);

        String resAn = request.getParameter("resAn");
        request.setAttribute("resAn", resAn);

        if (request.getParameter("numAn")!=null && NumberUtils.isNumber(request.getParameter("numAn"))) {
            int numAn = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("numAn"));
            request.setAttribute("numAn", request.getParameter("numAn"));

        if (submitAn) {
            Collection<String> lst =  wordVectors.wordsNearest(Arrays.asList(new String[] {an2,an3}) , Arrays.asList(new String[] {an1}),numAn);
            request.setAttribute("resAn", Arrays.toString(lst.toArray()));
        }
        }
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(request, response);
    }


    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request,response);
    }

    public void destroy()
    {
        // do nothing.
    }
}

但是，当我删除其他依赖项时，Web应用程序正常工作.. 据我所知，使用web-app runner在本地测试应用程序以测试应用程序是否可行，足以看到它在部署到Heroku时是否也能正常运行，因为它可以防止运行时问题。但我不明白为什么它不能在增加依赖性的情况下工作？

Answer 1

您的基本问题实际上与nd4j中的c ++代码有关。我假设你已经有一个训练有素的模型，这意味着你应该对nd4j后端（http://nd4j.org/backend.html）比较熟悉。如果是这种情况，请确保将nd4j-native-platform与最新版本的nd4j一起添加到类路径中。

Nd4j原生平台将各种平台的所有本地库捆绑在一起。

如果由于任何原因不起作用，你可以去分类器路线。

阅读本文： What is the purpose of Classifier tag in maven?

你会在这里看到： http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/nd4j/nd4j-native/0.6.0/

查看jar文件的名称，你会看到nd4j-native- 这里有一些CLASSIFIER

由于您在Linux上进行部署，您可能希望： linux-x86_64.jar

这是OS-CHIP_ARCHITECTURE，你也会看到mac，windows，powerpc和android

从右边开始，这是0.6.0。

dl4j示例将始终具有最新版本：github.com/deeplearning4j/dl4j-examples

未找到部署到heroku tomcat的Java Web WAR的依赖项的类

1 个答案: