添加其他行

时间：2016-10-17 08:27:51

标签： sql-server tsql sql-server-2012

我有以下数据（查看）：

MSVC C/C++ Runtime library

我使用以下查询来获得我需要的结果，按事件分组并按开始顺序，并且只要小到大，就会变大到小：

 Declare @YourTable table ([Event] varchar(100),[Start] DateTime,[End] DateTime, [Tag] varchar(25))
  Insert Into @YourTable values
  ('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:44:05.000','9/9/16 10:48:08.000','Big'),
  ('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:44:10.000','9/9/16 10:49:40.000','Big'),
  ('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:50:03.000','9/9/16 10:51:04.000','Small'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 12:51:07.000','4/4/16 13:58:09.000','Big'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 14:04:04.000','4/4/16 14:29:00.000','Small'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 14:51:02.000','4/4/16 14:58:00.000','Big'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 15:04:06.000','4/4/16 15:29:08.000','Small'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4-4-16 15:45:08.000','4-4-16 15:55:09.000','Big'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4-4-16 16:22:08.000','4-4-16 16:40:09.000','Big'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 16:50:04.000','4/4/16 16:55:00.000','Small'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 17:05:02.000','4/4/16 17:20:00.000','Big'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 17:22:06.000','4/4/16 17:29:08.000','Small'),
  ('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002W 11-PSV-401002D','4/4/16 16:04:01.000','4/4/16 16:45:00.000','Big');

我需要再应用一个例外，每当下面的序列出现在一个组的Tag列中时，它应该在较小之后添加aditional行，并且相应地添加starttime，endtime和Tag_new，并且starttime应该比上一个日期晚1秒endtime和endtime比starttime晚1秒，Tag_new为“Bad”：

 Select [Event]
  ,[Start]
  ,[End] 
  ,[Tag]
  ,[Tag_new] = case when Tag='Big' and 'Small' = Lead(Tag,1,Tag) over (Partition By Event Order By Start) then 'Small' else tag end
  From  @YourTable

                                       Event    Start                   End                     Tag  Tag_new
10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B    2016-09-09 10:44:05.000 2016-09-09 10:48:08.000 Big   Big
10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B    2016-09-09 10:44:10.000 2016-09-09 10:49:40.000 Big   Small
10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B    2016-09-09 10:50:03.000 2016-09-09 10:51:04.000 Small Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 12:51:07.000 2016-04-04 13:58:09.000 Big   Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 14:04:04.000 2016-04-04 14:29:00.000 Small Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 14:51:02.000 2016-04-04 14:58:00.000 Big   Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 15:04:06.000 2016-04-04 15:29:08.000 Small Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 15:45:08.000 2016-04-04 15:55:09.000 Big   Big
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 16:22:08.000 2016-04-04 16:40:09.000 Big   Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 16:50:04.000 2016-04-04 16:55:00.000 Small Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 17:05:02.000 2016-04-04 17:20:00.000 Big   Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B     2016-04-04 17:22:06.000 2016-04-04 17:29:08.000 Small Small
11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002W 11-PSV-401002D     2016-04-04 16:04:01.000 2016-04-04 16:45:00.000 Big   Big

我想得到类似下面的内容：

Small
Big
Small

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

这种设计有点气味，但你可能会尝试这样的事情：

您应该避免使用特定于文化的日期时间文字！ 

Declare @YourTable table ([Event] varchar(100),[Start] DateTime,[End] DateTime, [Tag] varchar(25))
Insert Into @YourTable values
('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:44:05.000','9/9/16 10:48:08.000','Big'),
('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:44:10.000','9/9/16 10:49:40.000','Big'),
('10PIC700422.PV 10-PSV-700073A 10-PSV-700073B','9/9/16 10:50:03.000','9/9/16 10:51:04.000','Small'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 12:51:07.000','4/4/16 13:58:09.000','Big'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 14:04:04.000','4/4/16 14:29:00.000','Small'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 14:51:02.000','4/4/16 14:58:00.000','Big'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 15:04:06.000','4/4/16 15:29:08.000','Small'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4-4-16 15:45:08.000','4-4-16 15:55:09.000','Big'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4-4-16 16:22:08.000','4-4-16 16:40:09.000','Big'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 16:50:04.000','4/4/16 16:55:00.000','Small'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 17:05:02.000','4/4/16 17:20:00.000','Big'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002A 11-PSV-401002B','4/4/16 17:22:06.000','4/4/16 17:29:08.000','Small'),
('11PIC41010.PV 11-PSV-401002W 11-PSV-401002D','4/4/16 16:04:01.000','4/4/16 16:45:00.000','Big');

- 为您的查询添加正在运行的行号，并为所有0行添加original 

WITH YourQueryEnhanced AS
(
    Select [Event]
    ,[Start]
    ,[End] 
    ,[Tag]
    ,[Tag_new] = case when Tag='Big' and 'Small' = Lead(Tag,1,Tag) over (Partition By [Event] Order By Start) then 'Small' else tag end
    ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) AS SortInx --You should put a secure ORDER BY here!!!
    ,0 AS InnerSortInx
    From  @YourTable
)

- 使用LAG()检测您的序列。重叠坏序列有一个问题！

,BadMarked AS
(
    SELECT *
        ,CASE WHEN LAG([Tag],1) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Small' 
                AND LAG([Tag],2) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Big' 
                AND LAG([Tag],3) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Small' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS BadSequence 

    FROM YourQueryEnhanced
)

- 这将选择所有original行，并为标记为bad的每一行添加BadSequence行。 SortInx设置为prev值，内部sortInx设置为1，因此ORDER BY会将bad行推到适当的位置

    SELECT *
    FROM BadMarked

    UNION ALL 

    SELECT [Event],[Start],[End],'Bad','Bad',SortInx-1,1,2 
    FROM BadMarked 
    WHERE BadMarked.BadSequence=1
    ORDER BY SortInx,InnerSortInx

<强>注意

这会在结果中添加一个坏行，正如您在预期结果中所述。

原因是你的第3到第7行你有小大小小的大小。中间small属于两个序列。

你必须通过更多逻辑来解决这个问题（更多调用LAG()以进一步查看），检测到错误序列，或者将最后一个选择换成另一个CTE并再次使用LAG()删除您不想要的错误行。

答案 1 :(得分：1)

@Shnugo：你真的很亲密。谢谢你的解决方案！

WITH YourQueryEnhanced AS
(
Select [Event]
,[Start]
,[End] 
,[Tag]
,[Tag_new] = case when Tag='Big' and 'Small' = Lead(Tag,1,Tag) over (Partition By [Event] Order By Start) then 'Small' else tag end
,ROW_NUMBER() OVER(Partition By [Event] Order By Start) AS SortInx --You     should put a secure ORDER BY here!!!
,0 AS InnerSortInx
From  @YourTable
), BadMarked AS
(
 SELECT *
    ,CASE WHEN LAG([Tag],1) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Small' 
            AND LAG([Tag],2) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Big' 
            AND LAG([Tag],3) OVER(Order By SortInx)='Big' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END     AS BadSequence 
FROM YourQueryEnhanced 
) 
select * from
(
SELECT *
FROM BadMarked
UNION ALL 
    SELECT [Event],DATEADD(s, -1, [Start]) [Start],    [End],'Bad','Bad',SortInx-1,1,2 
FROM BadMarked 
WHERE BadMarked.BadSequence=1
) a order by [Event]
,[Start]
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