我未能找到有关此库的任何有用信息或其目的是什么。 似乎ngrx/effects向已经了解这个概念的开发人员解释了这个库,并提供了一个关于如何编码的更大的例子。
我的问题:
谢谢!
答案 0 :(得分:90)
主题太广了。它就像一个教程。无论如何我会尝试一下。在正常情况下,您将拥有一个动作,减速器和一个商店。商店将调度操作,由reducer订阅。然后,reducer对动作起作用,并形成一个新状态。在示例中,所有状态都在前端,但在实际应用中,它需要调用后端DB或MQ等,这些调用具有副作用。用于将这些影响分解为一个共同点的框架。
假设您将人员记录保存到数据库action: Action = {type: SAVE_PERSON, payload: person}
。通常,您的组件不会直接调用this.store.dispatch( {type: SAVE_PERSON, payload: person} )
让reducer调用HTTP服务,而是调用this.personService.save(person).subscribe( res => this.store.dispatch({type: SAVE_PERSON_OK, payload: res.json}) )
。添加实际生活错误处理时,组件逻辑将变得更加复杂。为了避免这种情况,只需打电话就可以了
来自您组件的this.store.dispatch( {type: SAVE_PERSON, payload: person} )
。
这就是效果库的用途。它在减速器前面就像一个JEE servlet过滤器。它匹配ACTION类型(过滤器可以匹配java世界中的url)然后对其进行操作,最后返回不同的操作,或者不执行任何操作或多个操作。然后,reducer响应效果的输出动作。
使用效果库继续上一个示例:
@Effects() savePerson$ = this.stateUpdates$.whenAction(SAVE_PERSON)
.map<Person>(toPayload)
.switchMap( person => this.personService.save(person) )
.map( res => {type: SAVE_PERSON_OK, payload: res.json} )
.catch( e => {type: SAVE_PERSON_ERR, payload: err} )
编织逻辑集中到所有Effects和Reducers类中。它可以轻松地变得更加复杂,同时这种设计使其他部件更加简单和可重复使用。
例如,如果UI具有自动保存加手动保存,为避免不必要的保存,UI自动保存部分只能由计时器触发,手动部分可以通过用户点击触发。两者都会调度SAVE_CLIENT操作。效果拦截器可以是:
@Effects() savePerson$ = this.stateUpdates$.whenAction(SAVE_PERSON)
.debounce(300).map<Person>(toPayload)
.distinctUntilChanged(...)
.switchMap( see above )
// at least 300 milliseconds and changed to make a save, otherwise no save
电话
...switchMap( person => this.personService.save(person) )
.map( res => {type: SAVE_PERSON_OK, payload: res.json} )
.catch( e => Observable.of( {type: SAVE_PERSON_ERR, payload: err}) )
如果出现错误,仅适用一次。抛出错误后流已经死了因为catch尝试外部流。电话应该是
...switchMap( person => this.personService.save(person)
.map( res => {type: SAVE_PERSON_OK, payload: res.json} )
.catch( e => Observable.of( {type: SAVE_PERSON_ERR, payload: err}) ) )
或者另一种方式:更改所有ServiceClass服务方法以返回ServiceResponse,其中包含来自服务器端的错误代码,错误消息和包装的响应对象,即
export class ServiceResult {
error: string;
data: any;
hasError(): boolean {
return error != undefined && error != null; }
static ok(data: any): ServiceResult {
let ret = new ServiceResult();
ret.data = data;
return ret;
}
static err(info: any): ServiceResult {
let ret = new ServiceResult();
ret.error = JSON.stringify(info);
return ret;
}
}
@Injectable()
export class PersonService {
constructor(private http: Http) {}
savePerson(p: Person): Observable<ServiceResult> {
return http.post(url, JSON.stringify(p)).map(ServiceResult.ok);
.catch( ServiceResult.err );
}
}
@Injectable()
export class PersonEffects {
constructor(
private update$: StateUpdates<AppState>,
private personActions: PersonActions,
private svc: PersonService
){
}
@Effects() savePerson$ = this.stateUpdates$.whenAction(PersonActions.SAVE_PERSON)
.map<Person>(toPayload)
.switchMap( person => this.personService.save(person) )
.map( res => {
if (res.hasError()) {
return personActions.saveErrAction(res.error);
} else {
return personActions.saveOkAction(res.data);
}
});
@Injectable()
export class PersonActions {
static SAVE_OK_ACTION = "Save OK";
saveOkAction(p: Person): Action {
return {type: PersonActions.SAVE_OK_ACTION,
payload: p};
}
... ...
}
对我之前评论的一个修正:Effect-Class和Reducer-Class,如果你同时对Effect-class和Reducer-class做出反应,则Reducer-class将首先做出反应,然后是Effect-class。这是一个例子:
一个组件有一个按钮,一旦点击,名为:this.store.dispatch(this.clientActions.effectChain(1));
,将由effectChainReducer
处理,然后ClientEffects.chainEffects$
,将有效负载从1增加到2;等待500毫秒发出另一个动作:this.clientActions.effectChain(2)
,由effectChainReducer
处理,有效载荷= 2,然后ClientEffects.chainEffects$
,从2增加到3,发出this.clientActions.effectChain(3)
,. ..,直到大于10,ClientEffects.chainEffects$
发出this.clientActions.endEffectChain()
,通过effectChainReducer
将商店状态更改为1000,最后停在此处。
export interface AppState {
... ...
chainLevel: number;
}
// In NgModule decorator
@NgModule({
imports: [...,
StoreModule.provideStore({
... ...
chainLevel: effectChainReducer
}, ...],
...
providers: [... runEffects(ClientEffects) ],
...
})
export class AppModule {}
export class ClientActions {
... ...
static EFFECT_CHAIN = "Chain Effect";
effectChain(idx: number): Action {
return {
type: ClientActions.EFFECT_CHAIN,
payload: idx
};
}
static END_EFFECT_CHAIN = "End Chain Effect";
endEffectChain(): Action {
return {
type: ClientActions.END_EFFECT_CHAIN,
};
}
static RESET_EFFECT_CHAIN = "Reset Chain Effect";
resetEffectChain(idx: number = 0): Action {
return {
type: ClientActions.RESET_EFFECT_CHAIN,
payload: idx
};
}
export class ClientEffects {
... ...
@Effect()
chainEffects$ = this.update$.whenAction(ClientActions.EFFECT_CHAIN)
.map<number>(toPayload)
.map(l => {
console.log(`effect chain are at level: ${l}`)
return l + 1;
})
.delay(500)
.map(l => {
if (l > 10) {
return this.clientActions.endEffectChain();
} else {
return this.clientActions.effectChain(l);
}
});
}
// client-reducer.ts file
export const effectChainReducer = (state: any = 0, {type, payload}) => {
switch (type) {
case ClientActions.EFFECT_CHAIN:
console.log("reducer chain are at level: " + payload);
return payload;
case ClientActions.RESET_EFFECT_CHAIN:
console.log("reset chain level to: " + payload);
return payload;
case ClientActions.END_EFFECT_CHAIN:
return 1000;
default:
return state;
}
}
如果运行上面的代码,输出应如下所示:
client-reducer.ts:51减速机链处于等级:1
client-effects.ts:72效果链处于等级:1
client-reducer.ts:51减速机链处于等级:2
client-effects.ts:72效果链处于等级:2
client-reducer.ts:51减速机链处于等级:3
client-effects.ts:72效果链处于等级:3
...... ... client-reducer.ts:51减速机链处于等级:10
client-effects.ts:72效果链处于等级:10