我正在创建拾色器工具,而对于HSL滑块,我需要能够将RGB转换为HSL。当我搜索SO进行转换的方法时,我发现了这个问题HSL to RGB color conversion。
虽然它提供了从RGB转换到HSL的功能,但我没有看到计算中真正发生的事情的解释。为了更好地理解它,我已经阅读了维基百科上的HSL and HSV。
后来,我已经将功能从" HSL重写为RGB颜色转换"使用" HSL和HSV"页。
如果R是最大值,我会坚持计算色调。参见" HSL和HSV"页:
这是来自荷兰语中的另一个wiki page:
这是从answers到" HSL到RGB颜色转换":
case r: h = (g - b) / d + (g < b ? 6 : 0); break; // d = max-min = c
我用三个RGB值测试了所有三个,它们似乎产生了类似的(如果不是精确的)结果。我想知道的是他们在表演同样的事情吗?对于某些特定的RGB值,我会得到不同的结果吗?我应该使用哪一个?
hue = (g - b) / c; // dutch wiki
hue = ((g - b) / c) % 6; // eng wiki
hue = (g - b) / c + (g < b ? 6 : 0); // SO answer
function rgb2hsl(r, g, b) {
// see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV#Formal_derivation
// convert r,g,b [0,255] range to [0,1]
r = r / 255,
g = g / 255,
b = b / 255;
// get the min and max of r,g,b
var max = Math.max(r, g, b);
var min = Math.min(r, g, b);
// lightness is the average of the largest and smallest color components
var lum = (max + min) / 2;
var hue;
var sat;
if (max == min) { // no saturation
hue = 0;
sat = 0;
} else {
var c = max - min; // chroma
// saturation is simply the chroma scaled to fill
// the interval [0, 1] for every combination of hue and lightness
sat = c / (1 - Math.abs(2 * lum - 1));
switch(max) {
case r:
// hue = (g - b) / c;
// hue = ((g - b) / c) % 6;
// hue = (g - b) / c + (g < b ? 6 : 0);
break;
case g:
hue = (b - r) / c + 2;
break;
case b:
hue = (r - g) / c + 4;
break;
}
}
hue = Math.round(hue * 60); // °
sat = Math.round(sat * 100); // %
lum = Math.round(lum * 100); // %
return [hue, sat, lum];
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
继续我的评论,英文版本看起来是正确的,但我不确定荷兰语版本中发生了什么,因为我不理解WIKI页面。
这是我从英语WIKI页面制作的ES6版本,以及一些看似与WIKI示例相匹配的示例数据(给出或采用Javascript的数字精度)。希望在创建自己的功能时可能会有用。
// see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_model
// see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV
// expects R, G, B, Cmax and chroma to be in number interval [0, 1]
// returns undefined if chroma is 0, or a number interval [0, 360] degrees
function hue(R, G, B, Cmax, chroma) {
let H;
if (chroma === 0) {
return H;
}
if (Cmax === R) {
H = ((G - B) / chroma) % 6;
} else if (Cmax === G) {
H = ((B - R) / chroma) + 2;
} else if (Cmax === B) {
H = ((R - G) / chroma) + 4;
}
H *= 60;
return H < 0 ? H + 360 : H;
}
// returns the average of the supplied number arguments
function average(...theArgs) {
return theArgs.length ? theArgs.reduce((p, c) => p + c, 0) / theArgs.length : 0;
}
// expects R, G, B, Cmin, Cmax and chroma to be in number interval [0, 1]
// type is by default 'bi-hexcone' equation
// set 'luma601' or 'luma709' for alternatives
// see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luma_(video)
// returns a number interval [0, 1]
function lightness(R, G, B, Cmin, Cmax, type = 'bi-hexcone') {
if (type === 'luma601') {
return (0.299 * R) + (0.587 * G) + (0.114 * B);
}
if (type === 'luma709') {
return (0.2126 * R) + (0.7152 * G) + (0.0772 * B);
}
return average(Cmin, Cmax);
}
// expects L and chroma to be in number interval [0, 1]
// returns a number interval [0, 1]
function saturation(L, chroma) {
return chroma === 0 ? 0 : chroma / (1 - Math.abs(2 * L - 1));
}
// returns the value to a fixed number of digits
function toFixed(value, digits) {
return Number.isFinite(value) && Number.isFinite(digits) ? value.toFixed(digits) : value;
}
// expects R, G, and B to be in number interval [0, 1]
// returns a Map of H, S and L in the appropriate interval and digits
function RGB2HSL(R, G, B, fixed = true) {
const Cmin = Math.min(R, G, B);
const Cmax = Math.max(R, G, B);
const chroma = Cmax - Cmin;
// default 'bi-hexcone' equation
const L = lightness(R, G, B, Cmin, Cmax);
// H in degrees interval [0, 360]
// L and S in interval [0, 1]
return new Map([
['H', toFixed(hue(R, G, B, Cmax, chroma), fixed && 1)],
['S', toFixed(saturation(L, chroma), fixed && 3)],
['L', toFixed(L, fixed && 3)]
]);
}
// expects value to be number in interval [0, 255]
// returns normalised value as a number interval [0, 1]
function colourRange(value) {
return value / 255;
};
// expects R, G, and B to be in number interval [0, 255]
function RGBdec2HSL(R, G, B) {
return RGB2HSL(colourRange(R), colourRange(G), colourRange(B));
}
// converts a hexidecimal string into a decimal number
function hex2dec(value) {
return parseInt(value, 16);
}
// slices a string into an array of paired characters
function pairSlicer(value) {
return value.match(/../g);
}
// prepend '0's to the start of a string and make specific length
function prePad(value, count) {
return ('0'.repeat(count) + value).slice(-count);
}
// format hex pair string from value
function hexPair(value) {
return hex2dec(prePad(value, 2));
}
// expects R, G, and B to be hex string in interval ['00', 'FF']
// without a leading '#' character
function RGBhex2HSL(R, G, B) {
return RGBdec2HSL(hexPair(R), hexPair(G), hexPair(B));
}
// expects RGB to be a hex string in interval ['000000', 'FFFFFF']
// with or without a leading '#' character
function RGBstr2HSL(RGB) {
const hex = prePad(RGB.charAt(0) === '#' ? RGB.slice(1) : RGB, 6);
return RGBhex2HSL(...pairSlicer(hex).slice(0, 3));
}
// expects value to be a Map object
function logIt(value) {
console.log(value);
document.getElementById('out').textContent += JSON.stringify([...value]) + '\n';
};
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('000000'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('#808080'));
logIt(RGB2HSL(0, 0, 0));
logIt(RGB2HSL(1, 1, 1));
logIt(RGBdec2HSL(0, 0, 0));
logIt(RGBdec2HSL(255, 255, 254));
logIt(RGBhex2HSL('BF', 'BF', '00'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('008000'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('80FFFF'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('8080FF'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('BF40BF'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('A0A424'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('411BEA'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('1EAC41'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('F0C80E'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('B430E5'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('ED7651'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('FEF888'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('19CB97'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('362698'));
logIt(RGBstr2HSL('7E7EB8'));
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答案 1 :(得分:2)
HSL中的色调就像一个圆圈中的角度。这种角度的相关值位于0..360区间。但是,负值可能来自计算。这就是为什么这三个公式不同的原因。他们最终做同样的事情,他们只是处理0..360区间之外的值。或者,确切地说,0..6间隔然后最终乘以60到0..360
hue = (g - b) / c; // dutch wiki
对负值没有任何作用,并假设后续代码可以处理负H值。
hue = ((g - b) / c) % 6; // eng wiki
使用%
运算符来拟合0..6区间内的值
hue = (g - b) / c + (g < b ? 6 : 0); // SO answer
通过添加+6来处理负值,使其成为正值
你看,这些只是化妆品的差异。第二个或第三个公式将适合您。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
This page提供了一种在颜色空间之间转换的功能,包括RGB到HSL。
function RGBToHSL(r,g,b) {
// Make r, g, and b fractions of 1
r /= 255;
g /= 255;
b /= 255;
// Find greatest and smallest channel values
let cmin = Math.min(r,g,b),
cmax = Math.max(r,g,b),
delta = cmax - cmin,
h = 0,
s = 0,
l = 0;
// Calculate hue
// No difference
if (delta == 0)
h = 0;
// Red is max
else if (cmax == r)
h = ((g - b) / delta) % 6;
// Green is max
else if (cmax == g)
h = (b - r) / delta + 2;
// Blue is max
else
h = (r - g) / delta + 4;
h = Math.round(h * 60);
// Make negative hues positive behind 360°
if (h < 0)
h += 360;
// Calculate lightness
l = (cmax + cmin) / 2;
// Calculate saturation
s = delta == 0 ? 0 : delta / (1 - Math.abs(2 * l - 1));
// Multiply l and s by 100
s = +(s * 100).toFixed(1);
l = +(l * 100).toFixed(1);
return "hsl(" + h + "," + s + "%," + l + "%)";
}