是否有惯用的方法来获取Set<K>
和Function<K,V>
,并获得Map<K,V>
实时视图? (即Map
由Set
和Function
组合支持,如果例如将一个元素添加到Set
,则Map
中也存在相应的条目。 1}})。
(有关实时观看的更多讨论,请参阅Collections2.filter
)
如果不需要实时视图怎么办?有没有比这更好的东西:
public static <K,V> Map<K,V> newMapFrom(Set<K> keys, Function<? super K,V> f) {
Map<K,V> map = Maps.newHashMap();
for (K k : keys) {
map.put(k, f.apply(k));
}
return map;
}
答案 0 :(得分:29)
以下是两个应该分别完成工作的课程。第一个只显示集合的地图视图,而第二个可以通过特殊接口将值写回集合。
调用语法:
Map<K,V> immutable = new SetBackedMap<K,V>(Set<K> keys, Function<K,V> func);
Map<K,V> mutable = new MutableSetBackedMap<K,V>(Set<K> keys, Function<K,V> func);
旁注:如果guava是我的库,我可以通过Maps类访问它们:
Map<K,V> immutable = Maps.immutableComputingMap(Set<K> keys, Function<K,V> func);
Map<K,V> mutable = Maps.mutableComputingMap(Set<K> keys, Function<K,V> func);
我已将此作为单向视图实现:
put(key, value)
方法未实施)。entrySet()
迭代器使用
在内部设置迭代器,所以它会
也继承了内部迭代器
处理
ConcurrentModificationException
。put(k,v)
和。{
entrySet().iterator().remove()
会
扔
UnsupportedOperationException
。WeakHashMap
中,
没有特殊的并发处理,即没有同步
任何级别。这适用于大多数情况,但如果您的功能很昂贵,您可能需要添加一些锁定。<强>代码:强>
public class SetBackedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V>{
private class MapEntry implements Entry<K, V>{
private final K key;
public MapEntry(final K key){
this.key = key;
}
@Override
public K getKey(){
return this.key;
}
@Override
public V getValue(){
V value = SetBackedMap.this.cache.get(this.key);
if(value == null){
value = SetBackedMap.this.funk.apply(this.key);
SetBackedMap.this.cache.put(this.key, value);
}
return value;
}
@Override
public V setValue(final V value){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
private class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Entry<K, V>>{
public class EntryIterator implements Iterator<Entry<K, V>>{
private final Iterator<K> inner;
public EntryIterator(){
this.inner = EntrySet.this.keys.iterator();
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext(){
return this.inner.hasNext();
}
@Override
public Map.Entry<K, V> next(){
final K key = this.inner.next();
return new MapEntry(key);
}
@Override
public void remove(){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
private final Set<K> keys;
public EntrySet(final Set<K> keys){
this.keys = keys;
}
@Override
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K, V>> iterator(){
return new EntryIterator();
}
@Override
public int size(){
return this.keys.size();
}
}
private final WeakHashMap<K, V> cache;
private final Set<Entry<K, V>> entries;
private final Function<? super K, ? extends V> funk;
public SetBackedMap(
final Set<K> keys, Function<? super K, ? extends V> funk){
this.funk = funk;
this.cache = new WeakHashMap<K, V>();
this.entries = new EntrySet(keys);
}
@Override
public Set<Map.Entry<K, V>> entrySet(){
return this.entries;
}
}
<强>测试强>
final Map<Integer, String> map =
new SetBackedMap<Integer, String>(
new TreeSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256)),
new Function<Integer, String>(){
@Override
public String apply(final Integer from){
return Integer.toBinaryString(from.intValue());
}
});
for(final Map.Entry<Integer, String> entry : map.entrySet()){
System.out.println(
"Key: " + entry.getKey()
+ ", value: " + entry.getValue());
}
<强>输出:强>
Key: 1, value: 1
Key: 2, value: 10
Key: 4, value: 100
Key: 8, value: 1000
Key: 16, value: 10000
Key: 32, value: 100000
Key: 64, value: 1000000
Key: 128, value: 10000000
Key: 256, value: 100000000
虽然我觉得单向制作是个好主意,但这里是Emil的一个版本,它提供了一个双向视图(这是Emil对我的解决方案变体的变体:-))。它需要一个扩展的地图界面,我将其称为ComputingMap
,以明确这是一个调用put(key, value)
没有意义的地图。
地图界面:
public interface ComputingMap<K, V> extends Map<K, V>{
boolean removeKey(final K key);
boolean addKey(final K key);
}
地图实施:
public class MutableSetBackedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements
ComputingMap<K, V>{
public class MapEntry implements Entry<K, V>{
private final K key;
public MapEntry(final K key){
this.key = key;
}
@Override
public K getKey(){
return this.key;
}
@Override
public V getValue(){
V value = MutableSetBackedMap.this.cache.get(this.key);
if(value == null){
value = MutableSetBackedMap.this.funk.apply(this.key);
MutableSetBackedMap.this.cache.put(this.key, value);
}
return value;
}
@Override
public V setValue(final V value){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
public class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Entry<K, V>>{
public class EntryIterator implements Iterator<Entry<K, V>>{
private final Iterator<K> inner;
public EntryIterator(){
this.inner = MutableSetBackedMap.this.keys.iterator();
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext(){
return this.inner.hasNext();
}
@Override
public Map.Entry<K, V> next(){
final K key = this.inner.next();
return new MapEntry(key);
}
@Override
public void remove(){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
public EntrySet(){
}
@Override
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K, V>> iterator(){
return new EntryIterator();
}
@Override
public int size(){
return MutableSetBackedMap.this.keys.size();
}
}
private final WeakHashMap<K, V> cache;
private final Set<Entry<K, V>> entries;
private final Function<? super K, ? extends V> funk;
private final Set<K> keys;
public MutableSetBackedMap(final Set<K> keys,
final Function<? super K, ? extends V> funk){
this.keys = keys;
this.funk = funk;
this.cache = new WeakHashMap<K, V>();
this.entries = new EntrySet();
}
@Override
public boolean addKey(final K key){
return this.keys.add(key);
}
@Override
public boolean removeKey(final K key){
return this.keys.remove(key);
}
@Override
public Set<Map.Entry<K, V>> entrySet(){
return this.entries;
}
}
<强>测试强>
public static void main(final String[] args){
final ComputingMap<Integer, String> map =
new MutableSetBackedMap<Integer, String>(
new TreeSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256)),
new Function<Integer, String>(){
@Override
public String apply(final Integer from){
return Integer.toBinaryString(from.intValue());
}
});
System.out.println(map);
map.addKey(3);
map.addKey(217);
map.removeKey(8);
System.out.println(map);
}
<强>输出:强>
{1=1, 2=10, 4=100, 8=1000, 16=10000, 32=100000, 64=1000000, 128=10000000, 256=100000000}
{1=1, 2=10, 3=11, 4=100, 16=10000, 32=100000, 64=1000000, 128=10000000, 217=11011001, 256=100000000}
答案 1 :(得分:22)
注意。肖恩·帕特里克·弗洛伊德的回答虽然非常有用,却有一个缺陷。一个简单的,但我花了一段时间来调试,所以不要陷入同一个陷阱:MapEntry类需要equals和hashcode实现。这是我的(来自javadoc的简单副本)。
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (!(obj instanceof Entry)) {
return false;
}
Entry<?, ?> e2 = (Entry<?, ?>) obj;
return (getKey() == null ? e2.getKey() == null : getKey().equals(e2.getKey()))
&& (getValue() == null ? e2.getValue() == null : getValue().equals(e2.getValue()));
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return (getKey() == null ? 0 : getKey().hashCode()) ^
(getValue() == null ? 0 : getValue().hashCode());
}
这个答复对相关答案的评论会更好,但AFAIU我无权发表评论(或者没有找到答案!)。
答案 2 :(得分:14)
Guava 14现在有Maps.asMap
用于查看集合,Maps.toMap
用于不可变副本。
您可以在此处看到有关问题的大部分讨论: https://github.com/google/guava/issues/56
答案 3 :(得分:5)
对于非实时视图,代码存在lambdaJ Lambda.map(Set, Converter)
。
Set<K> setKs = new Set<K>();
Converter<K, V> converterKv = new Converter<K,V>{
@Override
public V convert(K from){
return null; //Not useful here but you can do whatever you want
}
}
Map<K, V> mapKvs = Lambda.map(setKs, converterKv);
我尝试了自己的实现:http://ideone.com/Kkpcn
正如评论中所说,我必须扩展另一个类,所以我刚刚实现了Map
,这就是为什么代码太多了。
有一个完全没用(或没有?)的功能,可以让你动态更改转换器。
答案 4 :(得分:2)
答案 5 :(得分:1)
我不知道这是不是你的实时视图。这里的任何方式都是我的尝试。
public class GuavaTst {
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Function<String, String> functionToLower = new Function<String, String>() {
public String apply (String input) {
return input.toLowerCase();
}
};
final Set<String> set=new HashSet<String>();
set.add("Hello");
set.add("BYE");
set.add("gOOd");
Map<String, String> testMap = newLiveMap(set,functionToLower);
System.out.println("Map :- "+testMap);
System.out.println("Set :- "+set);
set.add("WoRld");
System.out.println("Map :- "+testMap);
System.out.println("Set :- "+set);
testMap.put("OMG","");
System.out.println("Map :- "+testMap);
System.out.println("Set :- "+set);
}
static <K,V> Map<K,V> newLiveMap(final Set<K> backEnd,final Function<K,V> fun)
{
return new HashMap<K,V>(){
@Override
public void clear() {
backEnd.clear();
}
@Override
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return backEnd.contains(key);
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty() {
return backEnd.isEmpty();
}
@Override
public V put(K key, V value) {
backEnd.add(key);
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
for(K s:backEnd)
if(fun.apply(s).equals(value))
return true;
return false;
}
@Override
public V remove(Object key) {
backEnd.remove(key);
return null;
}
@Override
public int size() {
return backEnd.size();
}
@Override
public V get(Object key) {
return fun.apply((K)key);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder b=new StringBuilder();
Iterator<K> itr=backEnd.iterator();
b.append("{");
if(itr.hasNext())
{
K key=itr.next();
b.append(key);
b.append(":");
b.append(this.get(key));
while(itr.hasNext())
{
key=itr.next();
b.append(", ");
b.append(key);
b.append(":");
b.append(this.get(key));
}
}
b.append("}");
return b.toString();
}
};
}
}
实现没有完成,被覆盖的功能没有经过测试,但我希望它传达了这个想法。
<强>更新强>
我对seanizer's answer进行了一些小改动,以便地图中所做的更改也会反映在该集中。
public class SetBackedMap<K, V> extends AbstractMap<K, V> implements SetFunctionMap<K, V>{
public class MapEntry implements Entry<K, V>{
private final K key;
public MapEntry(final K key){
this.key = key;
}
@Override
public K getKey(){
return this.key;
}
@Override
public V getValue(){
V value = SetBackedMap.this.cache.get(this.key);
if(value == null){
value = SetBackedMap.this.funk.apply(this.key);
SetBackedMap.this.cache.put(this.key, value);
}
return value;
}
@Override
public V setValue(final V value){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
public class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Entry<K, V>>{
public class EntryIterator implements Iterator<Entry<K, V>>{
private final Iterator<K> inner;
public EntryIterator(){
this.inner = EntrySet.this.keys.iterator();
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext(){
return this.inner.hasNext();
}
@Override
public Map.Entry<K, V> next(){
final K key = this.inner.next();
return new MapEntry(key);
}
@Override
public void remove(){
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
private final Set<K> keys;
public EntrySet(final Set<K> keys){
this.keys = keys;
}
@Override
public boolean add(Entry<K, V> e) {
return keys.add(e.getKey());
}
@Override
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K, V>> iterator(){
return new EntryIterator();
}
@Override
public int size(){
return this.keys.size();
}
@Override
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return keys.remove(o);
}
}
private final WeakHashMap<K, V> cache;
private final Set<Entry<K, V>> entries;
private final Function<K, V> funk;
public SetBackedMap(final Set<K> keys, final Function<K, V> funk){
this.funk = funk;
this.cache = new WeakHashMap<K, V>();
this.entries = new EntrySet(keys);
}
@Override
public Set<Map.Entry<K, V>> entrySet(){
return this.entries;
}
public boolean putKey(K key){
return entries.add(new MapEntry(key));
}
@Override
public boolean removeKey(K key) {
cache.remove(key);
return entries.remove(key);
}
}
接口SetFunctionMap:
public interface SetFunctionMap<K,V> extends Map<K, V>{
public boolean putKey(K key);
public boolean removeKey(K key);
}
测试代码:
public class SetBackedMapTst {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Set<Integer> set=new TreeSet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(
1, 2, 4, 8, 16));
final SetFunctionMap<Integer, String> map =
new SetBackedMap<Integer, String>(set,
new Function<Integer, String>(){
@Override
public String apply(final Integer from){
return Integer.toBinaryString(from.intValue());
}
});
set.add(222);
System.out.println("Map: "+map);
System.out.println("Set: "+set);
map.putKey(112);
System.out.println("Map: "+map);
System.out.println("Set: "+set);
map.removeKey(112);
System.out.println("Map: "+map);
System.out.println("Set: "+set);
}
}
<强>输出:强>
Map: {1=1, 2=10, 4=100, 8=1000, 16=10000, 222=11011110}//change to set reflected in map
Set: [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 222]
Map: {1=1, 2=10, 4=100, 8=1000, 16=10000, 112=1110000, 222=11011110}
Set: [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 112, 222]//change to map reflected in set
Map: {1=1, 2=10, 4=100, 8=1000, 16=10000, 222=11011110}
Set: [1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 222]//change to map reflected in set