我正在编写一个类C语言的编译器,它必须支持#include指令(仅在文件的开头)
一种简单但不优雅的方法是创建一个子程序,该子程序查找指令的每次出现,并用新临时文件中的相应文件替换。
现在这一点都不好看。所以我尝试了以下内容:
lexer = parse
| "#include \"" ( [^'"' '\n']* as filename) '"'
{ lexer (Lexing.from_channel (open_in filename)) ; lexer lexbuf }
这个想法如下:每当你找到一个包含时,使用给定的文件名打开一个新的通道,并递归调用该通道上的“词法分析器”规则。之后,继续你的lexing-buffer的当前状态并继续lexing。
问题是,它从来没有奏效。
我还看到,当缓冲区lexbuf达到eof时,可以制作一个refiller。但我没有找到更多信息。这让我想到了将上面的代码更改为以下内容:
lexer = parse
| "#include \"" ( [^'"' '\n']* as filename) '"'
{ addCurrentLexBufToAStack lexbuf ;lexer (Lexing.from_channel (open_in filename)); }
并且在补给者中,你将从堆叠的头部继续
但似乎很有野心。
有什么想法吗?
P.S。词法分析器(以及解析也是)从另一个模块调用(让我们称之为Main.ml)
答案 0 :(得分:3)
嗯,你对lexing和解析有点困惑吗?
我看到的是:
如果我的lexeme是#include ident 我想解析 ident 指向的文件并添加它。
然后您会混淆解析和 lexing
你可以写下这样的东西:(它是一个小程序,但它有效; - ))
type operation =
| Plus of operation * operation
| Minus of operation * operation
| Int of int
type prog = string list * operation list
{
open Parser
open Lexing
open Ast
let current_pos b =
lexeme_start_p b,
lexeme_end_p b
}
let newline = '\n'
let space = [' ' '\t' '\r']
let digit = ['0' - '9']
let integer = digit+
rule token = parse
| newline { token lexbuf}
| space+ { token lexbuf}
| "#include \"" ( [^'"' '\n']* as filename) '"' { INCLUDE filename }
| integer as i { INTEGER (int_of_string i) }
| "+" { PLUSI }
| "-" { MINUSI }
| ";" { SC }
| "main" { MAIN }
| eof
{ EOF }
%{
open Ast
%}
%token <string> INCLUDE
%token EOF SC
%token PLUSI
%token MINUSI
%token MAIN
%token <int> INTEGER
%left PLUSI MINUSI
%start <Ast.prog> prog
%%
prog:
include_list MAIN operations EOF { ($1, $3) }
include_list:
| { [] }
| INCLUDE include_list { $1 :: $2 }
operation:
| operation PLUSI operation { Plus ($1, $3) }
| operation MINUSI operation { Minus ($1, $3) }
| INTEGER { Int $1 }
operations:
| operation { [$1] }
| operation SC operations { $1 :: $3 }
所以,正如你所看到的,当我解析时,我记得我必须解析的文件名和
open Lexing
open Ast
let rec print_op fmt op =
match op with
| Plus (op1, op2) ->
Format.fprintf fmt "(%a + %a)"
print_op op1 print_op op2
| Minus (op1, op2) ->
Format.fprintf fmt "(%a - %a)"
print_op op1 print_op op2
| Int i -> Format.fprintf fmt "%d" i
let rec read_includes fl =
List.fold_left (fun acc f ->
let c = open_in f in
let lb = Lexing.from_channel c in
let fl, p = Parser.prog Lexer.token lb in
close_in c;
let acc' = read_includes fl in
acc' @ p
) [] fl
let () =
try
let p = read_includes [Sys.argv.(1)] in
List.iter (Format.eprintf "%a@." print_op) p
with _ -> Format.eprintf "Bad Boy !@."
这意味着当我完成解析第一个文件时,我会解析所包含的文件。
最重要的是你对lexing的困惑(这是编译器中最愚蠢的事情,你只是问&#34;你看到的下一个标记是什么?&#34;他回答&#34;我看到#include "filename"
&#34;和那个不那么愚蠢的解析器说&#34;嘿,词法分析器看到了#include "filename"
所以我会记住这个文件名,因为我可能需要它,我会继续。
如果我有这三个文件:
#include "file2"
main
6; 7
#include "file3"
main
4; 5
main
1; 2; 3
如果我致电./compile file1
,我的输出1 2 3 4 5 6
就是我想要的。 ; - )
lexer处理包含的新版本:
type operation =
| Plus of operation * operation
| Minus of operation * operation
| Int of int
type prog = operation list
{
open Parser
let fset = Hashtbl.create 17
(* set keeping all the filenames *)
}
let newline = '\n'
let space = [' ' '\t' '\r']
let digit = ['0' - '9']
let integer = digit+
rule token = parse
| newline { token lexbuf}
| space+ { token lexbuf}
| "#include \"" ( [^'"' '\n']* as filename) '"'
{ if Hashtbl.mem fset filename then
raise Exit
else
let c = open_in filename in
Hashtbl.add fset filename ();
let lb = Lexing.from_channel c in
let p = Parser.prog token lb in
INCLUDE p
}
| integer as i { INTEGER (int_of_string i) }
| "+" { PLUSI }
| "-" { MINUSI }
| ";" { SC }
| "main" { MAIN }
| eof
{ EOF }
%{
open Ast
%}
%token <Ast.prog> INCLUDE
%token EOF SC
%token PLUSI
%token MINUSI
%token MAIN
%token <int> INTEGER
%left PLUSI MINUSI
%start <Ast.prog> prog
%%
prog:
include_list MAIN operations EOF { List.rev_append (List.rev $1) $3 }
include_list:
| { [] }
| INCLUDE include_list { List.rev_append (List.rev $1) $2 }
operation:
| operation PLUSI operation { Plus ($1, $3) }
| operation MINUSI operation { Minus ($1, $3) }
| INTEGER { Int $1 }
operations:
| operation { [$1] }
| operation SC operations { $1 :: $3 }
open Lexing
open Ast
let rec print_op fmt op =
match op with
| Plus (op1, op2) ->
Format.fprintf fmt "(%a + %a)"
print_op op1 print_op op2
| Minus (op1, op2) ->
Format.fprintf fmt "(%a - %a)"
print_op op1 print_op op2
| Int i -> Format.fprintf fmt "%d" i
let () =
try
let c = open_in Sys.argv.(1) in
let lb = Lexing.from_channel c in
let p = Parser.prog Lexer.token lb in
close_in c;
List.iter (Format.eprintf "%a@." print_op) p
with _ -> Format.eprintf "Bad Boy !@."
所以,在词法分析器中,当我看到#include filename
时,我立即调用由filename
链接的文件上的Parser,并将解析后的Ast.prog
返回到先前的解析调用。 / p>
我希望你一切都清楚; - )
我不能让这个代码像这样,我编辑它以避免包含循环(在lexer.mll中); - )