如何创建一个提升ssl iostream？

Question

我正在使用boost tcp :: iostream（充当HTTP服务器）为使用输入和输出的代码添加HTTPS支持。

我找到了使用boost :: asio :: read / boost :: asio :: write进行SSL输入/输出的示例（并且有一个工作的玩具HTTPS服务器），但没有使用iostreams和＆lt;＆lt; ; ＆GT;＆GT;运营商。如何将ssl :: stream转换为iostream？

工作代码：

#include <boost/asio.hpp> 
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp> 
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
#include <iostream> 
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;
using namespace boost;
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;

typedef boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> ssl_stream;

string HTTPReply(int nStatus, const string& strMsg)
{
    string strStatus;
    if (nStatus == 200) strStatus = "OK";
    else if (nStatus == 400) strStatus = "Bad Request";
    else if (nStatus == 404) strStatus = "Not Found";
    else if (nStatus == 500) strStatus = "Internal Server Error";
    ostringstream s;
    s << "HTTP/1.1 " << nStatus << " " << strStatus << "\r\n"
      << "Connection: close\r\n"
      << "Content-Length: " << strMsg.size() << "\r\n"
      << "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
      << "Date: Sat, 09 Jul 2009 12:04:08 GMT\r\n"
      << "Server: json-rpc/1.0\r\n"
      << "\r\n"
      << strMsg;
    return s.str();
}

int main() 
{ 
    // Bind to loopback 127.0.0.1 so the socket can only be accessed locally                                            
    boost::asio::io_service io_service;
    tcp::endpoint endpoint(boost::asio::ip::address_v4::loopback(), 1111);
    tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_service, endpoint);

    boost::asio::ssl::context context(io_service, boost::asio::ssl::context::sslv23);
    context.set_options(
        boost::asio::ssl::context::default_workarounds
        | boost::asio::ssl::context::no_sslv2);
    context.use_certificate_chain_file("server.cert");
    context.use_private_key_file("server.pem", boost::asio::ssl::context::pem);

    for(;;)
    {
        // Accept connection                                                                                            
        ssl_stream stream(io_service, context);
        tcp::endpoint peer_endpoint;
        acceptor.accept(stream.lowest_layer(), peer_endpoint);
        boost::system::error_code ec;
        stream.handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::server, ec);

        if (!ec) {
            boost::asio::write(stream, boost::asio::buffer(HTTPReply(200, "Okely-Dokely\n")));
            // I really want to write:
            // iostream_object << HTTPReply(200, "Okely-Dokely\n") << std::flush;
        }
    }
}

似乎ssl :: stream_service就是答案，但那是一个死胡同。

使用boost :: iostreams（按照接受的答案建议）是正确的方法;这是我最终得到的工作代码：

#include <boost/asio.hpp> 
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp> 
#include <boost/iostreams/concepts.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>

using namespace boost::asio;

typedef ssl::stream<ip::tcp::socket> ssl_stream;


//
// IOStream device that speaks SSL but can also speak non-SSL
//
class ssl_iostream_device : public boost::iostreams::device<boost::iostreams::bidirectional> {
public:
    ssl_iostream_device(ssl_stream &_stream, bool _use_ssl ) : stream(_stream)
    {
        use_ssl = _use_ssl;
        need_handshake = _use_ssl;
    }

    void handshake(ssl::stream_base::handshake_type role)
    {
        if (!need_handshake) return;
        need_handshake = false;
        stream.handshake(role);
    }
    std::streamsize read(char* s, std::streamsize n)
    {
        handshake(ssl::stream_base::server); // HTTPS servers read first
        if (use_ssl) return stream.read_some(boost::asio::buffer(s, n));
        return stream.next_layer().read_some(boost::asio::buffer(s, n));
    }
    std::streamsize write(const char* s, std::streamsize n)
    {
        handshake(ssl::stream_base::client); // HTTPS clients write first
        if (use_ssl) return boost::asio::write(stream, boost::asio::buffer(s, n));
        return boost::asio::write(stream.next_layer(), boost::asio::buffer(s, n));
    }

private:
    bool need_handshake;
    bool use_ssl;
    ssl_stream& stream;
};

std::string HTTPReply(int nStatus, const std::string& strMsg)
{
    std::string strStatus;
    if (nStatus == 200) strStatus = "OK";
    else if (nStatus == 400) strStatus = "Bad Request";
    else if (nStatus == 404) strStatus = "Not Found";
    else if (nStatus == 500) strStatus = "Internal Server Error";
    std::ostringstream s;
    s << "HTTP/1.1 " << nStatus << " " << strStatus << "\r\n"
      << "Connection: close\r\n"
      << "Content-Length: " << strMsg.size() << "\r\n"
      << "Content-Type: application/json\r\n"
      << "Date: Sat, 09 Jul 2009 12:04:08 GMT\r\n"
      << "Server: json-rpc/1.0\r\n"
      << "\r\n"
      << strMsg;
    return s.str();
}


void handle_request(std::iostream& s)
{
    s << HTTPReply(200, "Okely-Dokely\n") << std::flush;
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{ 
    bool use_ssl = (argc <= 1);

    // Bind to loopback 127.0.0.1 so the socket can only be accessed locally                                            
    io_service io_service;
    ip::tcp::endpoint endpoint(ip::address_v4::loopback(), 1111);
    ip::tcp::acceptor acceptor(io_service, endpoint);

    ssl::context context(io_service, ssl::context::sslv23);
    context.set_options(
        ssl::context::default_workarounds
        | ssl::context::no_sslv2);
    context.use_certificate_chain_file("server.cert");
    context.use_private_key_file("server.pem", ssl::context::pem);

    for(;;)
    {
        ip::tcp::endpoint peer_endpoint;
        ssl_stream _ssl_stream(io_service, context);
        ssl_iostream_device d(_ssl_stream, use_ssl);
        boost::iostreams::stream<ssl_iostream_device> ssl_iostream(d);

        // Accept connection                                                                                            
        acceptor.accept(_ssl_stream.lowest_layer(), peer_endpoint);
        std::string method;
        std::string path;
        ssl_iostream >> method >> path;

        handle_request(ssl_iostream);
    }
}

Answer 1

@Guy的建议（使用boost::asio::streambuf）应该有效，而且它可能是最容易实现的。这种方法的主要缺点是，写入iostream的所有内容都将缓存在内存中直到结束，此时对boost::asio::write()的调用将立即将缓冲区的全部内容转储到ssl流上。 （我应该注意到，在许多情况下，这种缓冲实际上是可取的，并且在你的情况下，它可能没有任何区别，因为你已经说过它是一个小批量的应用程序）。

如果这只是“一次性”，我可能会使用@ Guy的方法实现它。

话虽如此 - 有很多很好的理由让您可能更倾向于使用允许您使用iostream调用直接写入ssl_stream的解决方案。如果您发现是这种情况，那么您需要构建自己的包装类，该类扩展std::streambuf，覆盖overflow()和sync()（可能还有其他人根据您的需要）

幸运的是，boost::iostreams提供了一种相对简单的方法来实现这一点，而无需直接使用std类。您只需构建自己的类来实现相应的Device合同。在这种情况下，Sink和boost::iostreams::sink类被提供作为获取大部分路径的便捷方式。一旦你有了一个新的Sink类来封装写入底层ssl_stream的过程，你所要做的就是创建一个boost::iostreams::stream来模仿你的新设备类型，然后离开。

它看起来类似于以下内容（此示例改编自here，另见this related stackoverflow post）：

//---this should be considered to be "pseudo-code", 
//---it has not been tested, and probably won't even compile
//---

#include <boost/iostreams/concepts.hpp>
// other includes omitted for brevity ...

typedef boost::asio::ssl::stream<boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket> ssl_stream;

class ssl_iostream_sink : public sink {
public:
    ssl_iostream_sink( ssl_stream *theStream )
    {
        stream = theStream;
    }

    std::streamsize write(const char* s, std::streamsize n)
    {
        // Write up to n characters to the underlying 
        // data sink into the buffer s, returning the 
        // number of characters written

        boost::asio::write(*stream, boost::asio::buffer(s, n));
    }
private:
    ssl_stream *stream;
};

现在，您的接受循环可能会更改为如下所示：

for(;;)
{
    // Accept connection                                                                                            
    ssl_stream stream(io_service, context);
    tcp::endpoint peer_endpoint;
    acceptor.accept(stream.lowest_layer(), peer_endpoint);
    boost::system::error_code ec;
    stream.handshake(boost::asio::ssl::stream_base::server, ec);


    if (!ec) {

        // wrap the ssl stream with iostream
        ssl_iostream_sink my_sink(&stream);
        boost::iostream::stream<ssl_iostream_sink> iostream_object(my_sink);

        // Now it works the way you want...
        iostream_object << HTTPReply(200, "Okely-Dokely\n") << std::flush;
    }
}

该方法将ssl流挂钩到iostream框架中。所以现在你应该能够在上面的例子中对iostream_object做任何事情，你通常会做任何其他std::ostream（比如stdout）。你写给它的东西将被写入幕后的ssl_stream。 Iostreams具有内置缓冲功能，因此内部会发生某种程度的缓冲 - 但这是一件好事 - 它会缓冲直到它累积了一些合理数量的数据，然后它会将它转储到ssl流上，并且回去缓冲。最后的std :: flush，应该强制它将缓冲区清空到ssl_stream。

如果您需要更多地控制内部缓冲（或任何其他高级内容），请查看boost::iostreams中提供的其他很酷的内容。具体来说，您可以从查看stream_buffer开始。

祝你好运！

Answer 2

我认为你想要做的是使用流缓冲区（asio :: streambuf）

然后你可以做类似的事情（随后编写的未经测试的代码）：

boost::asio::streambuf msg;
std::ostream msg_stream(&msg);
msg_stream << "hello world";
msg_stream.flush();
boost::asio::write(stream, msg);

类似地，您的读/写端可以与std :: istream一起读入流缓冲区，因此您可以使用各种流函数/运算符来处理输入。

Asio reference for streambuf

另一个注意事项是我认为你应该查看asio教程/示例。完成后，您可能希望将代码更改为异步工作，而不是上面显示的同步示例。

Answer 3

ssl :: stream可以用boost :: iostreams / bidirectional包装，以模仿与tcp :: iostream类似的行为。在进一步阅读之前冲洗输出似乎是无法避免的。

#include <regex>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/asio/ssl.hpp>

namespace bios = boost::iostreams;
namespace asio = boost::asio;
namespace ssl = boost::asio::ssl;

using std::string;
using boost::asio::ip::tcp;
using boost::system::system_error;
using boost::system::error_code;

int parse_url(const std::string &s,
    std::string& proto, std::string& host, std::string& path)
{
    std::smatch m;
    bool found = regex_search(s, m, std::regex("^(http[s]?)://([^/]*)(.*)$"));
    if (m.size() != 4)
        return -1;
    proto = m[1].str();
    host = m[2].str();
    path = m[3].str();
    return 0;
}

void get_page(std::iostream& s, const string& host, const string& path)
{ 
    s << "GET " <<  path << " HTTP/1.0\r\n"
        << "Host: " << host << "\r\n"
        << "Accept: */*\r\n"
        << "Connection: close\r\n\r\n" << std::flush;

    std::cout << s.rdbuf() << std::endl;;
}

typedef ssl::stream<tcp::socket> ssl_socket;
class ssl_wrapper : public bios::device<bios::bidirectional>
{
    ssl_socket& sock;
public:
    typedef char char_type;

    ssl_wrapper(ssl_socket& sock) : sock(sock) {}

    std::streamsize read(char_type* s, std::streamsize n) {
        error_code ec;          
        auto rc = asio::read(sock, asio::buffer(s,n), ec);
        return rc;
    }
    std::streamsize write(const char_type* s, std::streamsize n) {
        return asio::write(sock, asio::buffer(s,n));
    }
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    std::string proto, host, path;
    if (argc!= 2 || parse_url(argv[1], proto, host, path)!=0)
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    try {
        if (proto != "https") {
            tcp::iostream s(host, proto);
            s.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::seconds(60));
            get_page(s, host, path);
        } else {
            asio::io_service ios;

            tcp::resolver resolver(ios);
            tcp::resolver::query query(host, "https");
            tcp::resolver::iterator endpoint_iterator = 
               resolver.resolve(query);

            ssl::context ctx(ssl::context::sslv23);
            ctx.set_default_verify_paths();
            ssl_socket socket(ios, ctx);

            asio::connect(socket.lowest_layer(), endpoint_iterator);

            socket.set_verify_mode(ssl::verify_none);
            socket.set_verify_callback(ssl::rfc2818_verification(host));
            socket.handshake(ssl_socket::client);

            bios::stream<ssl_wrapper> ss(socket);
            get_page(ss, host, path);
        }
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        std::cout << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
    }
}