Question

如何修复此代码，以便我不再收到错误。我得到的错误是致命错误：数组索引超出范围。代码检查字符串中有多少“x”和“o”

var input = "xxxoxoooxoxo"

var inputString = Array(input.characters)

var XString = ""

var OString = ""

for var i = 0; i <= inputString.count; ++i {

    if inputString[i] == "x" {

        XString.append(inputString[i])

    }

    else if inputString[i] == "o" {

        OString.append(inputString[i])

    }

}

if XString.characters.count == OString.characters.count {

    print("equal")

}

else {

    print("Not Equal")

}

感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

替换此

for var i = 0; i <= inputString.count; ++i

用这个：

for var i = 0; i < inputString.count; ++i

数组是零索引的。这意味着第一个元素的索引为0.第二个元素的索引为1. ....最后一个元素的索引为array.count-1。

Answer 2

@dasdom是正确的。但这是一种更快捷的方式：

// input string
var input = "ooooxxxxxxxoxoooxoxo" 

// difference between number of x's and number of o's
var diff = 0 

// perform this function for each character in `input.characters`:
input.characters.forEach {
    switch $0 // $0 is the argument to our function (unnamed)
    {
        case "x": diff += 1          // x's are +1
        case "o": diff -= 1          // o's are -1
        default: fatalError()        // we expect only 'x' or 'o'... if we get something else, just crash
    }
}

// use the ternary (?:) operator to print the answer.
// (<result> = <condition> ? <if-true value> : <if-false value>)
print( diff == 0 ? "equal" : "not equal" )

一个较短的版本，灵感来自@ Eendje的答案：）

print( input.characters.reduce(0) { $0 + [ "x":1, "o":-1 ][ $1 ]! } != 0 ? "not" : "", "equal" )

Answer 3

虽然每个人都给你一个替代方案，但我认为这也是一个很好的补充：

var input = "xxxxxoxoooxoxo"

您可以使用filter：

来计算

let xCount = input.characters.filter { $0 == "x" }.count
let oCount = input.characters.filter { $0 == "o" }.count

print( xCount == oCount ? "equal" : "not equal" )

在您的情况下，使用reduce会更有效，而且更短：

let result = input.characters.reduce(0) { $0 + ($1 == "x" ? 1 : -1) }

print(result == 0 ? "equal" : "not equal") // not equal

仅当您确定input仅包含x和o时才会这样做。如果没有，那么您必须将评估更改为：

{ $0 + ($1 == "x" ? 1 : $1 == "o" ? -1 : 0) }

Answer 4

您正在枚举传递数组的范围。请改用它。

for var i = 0; i < inputString.count; ++i {

或者你可以使用这个更惯用的代码：

var input = "xxxoxoooxoxo"


var xString = 0

var oString = 0

for c in input.characters {

    if c == "x" {

        xString++

    }

    else if c == "o" {

        oString++

    }

}

if oString == xString {

    print("equal")

}

else {

    print("Not Equal")

}

Swift致命错误：数组索引超出范围

4 个答案: