初学者的问题 - 我可以请求在运行时以编程方式创建本地数据库文件的建议。我希望以后能够使用Windows资源管理器以与文本和其他文件相同的方式重命名,删除它们等,并将它们复制到其他计算机。
这是使用带有C#的Visual Studio Community 15,安装了SQL Server Data Tools 14.0.50616.0。该计算机具有Microsoft SQL Server 2014。
举个例子,我删除了程序的剩余部分以留下下面的代码,该代码使用带有3个按钮的Windows窗体应用程序(btnCreateDb
,btnDeleteDb
和btnDoesDbExist
)和组合框cbxDb
作为数据库名称。它使数据库位于现有文件夹C:\DbTemp
。
它显然会创建和删除新数据库并生成文件,例如文件夹中的mydb1.mdf
和mydb1.ldf
,并声明它们存在。但是,如果我使用资源管理器删除这两个文件,如果尝试删除或创建数据库,则会抛出异常;并且btnDoesDbExist
表明它仍然存在。
为什么Windows资源管理器删除文件后数据库仍然存在? btnDoesDatabaseExist
下的代码没有引用文件的路径,所以它必须看到别的东西,但在哪里?这是程序用户创建,删除和检测这些数据库的正确方法吗?
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
//my additions
using System.Data.SqlClient;
namespace DataProg15
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public static string form1ConnectionString = "Data Source = (LocalDB)\\MSSQLLocalDB; Integrated Security = True; Connect Timeout = 30; ";
private string form1DatabasePath = "C:\\DbTemp";
private void btnCreateDb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string nameToCreate = cbxDb.Text;
SqlConnection myConn = new SqlConnection(form1ConnectionString);
string str = "CREATE DATABASE " +nameToCreate+ " ON PRIMARY " +
"(NAME = " +nameToCreate+ "_Data, " +
"FILENAME = '" +form1DatabasePath+ "\\" +nameToCreate+ ".mdf', " +
"SIZE = 4MB, MAXSIZE = 10MB, FILEGROWTH = 10%) " +
"LOG ON (NAME = " +nameToCreate+ "_Log, " +
"FILENAME = '" +form1DatabasePath+ "\\" +nameToCreate+ ".ldf', " +
"SIZE = 1MB, " +
"MAXSIZE = 5MB, " +
"FILEGROWTH = 10%)";
SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand(str, myConn);
try
{
myConn.Open();
myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" + nameToCreate + "' was created successfully");
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("Exception in CreateDatabase " + ex.ToString(), "Exception in CreateDatabase", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
finally
{
if (myConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
myConn.Close();
}
}
}
private void btnDeleteDb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string nameToDelete = cbxDb.Text;
string myConnectionString = form1ConnectionString + "AttachDBFileName = " + form1DatabasePath + "\\" + nameToDelete + ".mdf ";
string str = "USE MASTER DROP DATABASE " + nameToDelete;
SqlConnection myConn = new SqlConnection(myConnectionString);
SqlCommand myCommand = new SqlCommand(str, myConn);
myConn.Open();
try
{
myCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" + nameToDelete + "' was deleted successfully");
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString(), "Exception in DeleteDatabase '" +nameToDelete+ "'", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
finally
{
if (myConn.State == ConnectionState.Open)
{
myConn.Close();
}
}
}
private void btnDoesDbExist_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string nameToTest = cbxDb.Text;
using (var connection = new SqlConnection(form1ConnectionString))
{
using (var command = new SqlCommand(string.Format(
"SELECT db_id('" +nameToTest+ "')", nameToTest), connection))
{
connection.Open();
if ((command.ExecuteScalar() != DBNull.Value))
{
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" +nameToTest+ "' exists");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("Database '" +nameToTest+ "' does not exist");
}
}
}
}
}
}
感谢大家的回复,非常感谢您的麻烦。
我现在明白我使用的是错误的数据库,所以我尝试使用SQL Server Compact
代替。已卸载,重新下载并重新安装SQL Server Compact
,包括SP1
。还从SQL Server Compact/SQLite Toolbox
下载并安装了https://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/0e313dfd-be80-4afb-b5e9-6e74d369f7a1
。但是当我键入using System.Data.SqlServerCe
时,Visual Studio始终显示错误。此外,当我输入SqlCeEngine
或SqlCecommand
时,我会假设出于同样的原因。
在Visual Studio中,SQL Server Data Tools
和SQL Server Compact & SQLite Toolbox
显示为已安装的产品,但不显示为SQL Server Compact
。我是否需要将其安装到Visual Studio中,如果是这样,它是如何完成的?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
在Solution Explorer
下的References
下,检查是否列出了System.Data.SqlServerCe
。如果没有,请右键点击References
然后Add Reference
- > Browse
按钮并选择文件System.Data.SqlServerCe.dll
,可能在C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server Compact Edition\v4.0\Desktop
中。 System.Data.SqlServerCe
现在应显示在References
下。
以下程序似乎有效,而且更简单。感谢所有人的帮助。
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
//my additions
using System.Data.SqlServerCe;
using System.IO;
namespace DataProg15
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public static string form1DatabasePath = "C:\\DbTemp\\dbtemp1.sdf";
public static string form1ConnectionString = "Data Source = " +form1DatabasePath;
private void btnCreateDb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
SqlCeEngine engine = new SqlCeEngine(form1ConnectionString);
try
{
engine.CreateDatabase();
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" +form1DatabasePath+ "' was created successfully");
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("Exception in CreateDatabase " + ex.ToString(), "Exception in CreateDatabase", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
finally
{
engine.Dispose();
}
}
private void btnDeleteDb_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (File.Exists(form1DatabasePath))
{
try
{
File.Delete(form1DatabasePath);
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" +form1DatabasePath+ "' was deleted successfully");
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString(), "Exception in DeleteDatabase '" +form1DatabasePath+ "'", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
}
}
private void btnDoesDbExist_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (File.Exists(form1DatabasePath))
{
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" +form1DatabasePath+ "' exists");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("DataBase '" +form1DatabasePath+ "' does not exist");
}
}
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
如果该数据库处于活动状态,SQL Server将不允许您删除数据库的物理文件 - 永远。唯一能够做到这一点的是数据库是否为DETACHED(如前所述)
所以我怀疑你告诉我们的事情是不是很正确?
我会更改您的"检查数据库是否存在"逻辑;
从sys.databases中选择*,其中name =' yourdatabasename'
当你删除数据库时,无论如何我都会运行这个查询,只是为了查看它返回的内容。