Question

我需要浏览网页上的所有页面。所有这些页面的左上角都有一个下拉框，包含所有可用的城市。我想通过选择此下拉框中的每个位置来访问每个页面。下拉框有一个滚动条，当我想选择它下面的选项时，它会给我异常消息：

Message: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with
Stacktrace:
    at fxdriver.preconditions.visible (file:///tmp/tmpHWLMyH/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:9981)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.checkPreconditions_ (file:///tmp/tmpHWLMyH/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12517)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_/h (file:///tmp/tmpHWLMyH/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12534)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.executeInternal_ (file:///tmp/tmpHWLMyH/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12539)
    at DelayedCommand.prototype.execute/< (file:///tmp/tmpHWLMyH/extensions/fxdriver@googlecode.com/components/command-processor.js:12481)

下面是代码：

#!/bin/env/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

def get_browser():
    return webdriver.Firefox()


main_page_url = "http://example.com/"
basic_url = 'http://example.com/ogloszenia-kobiet.html'

def get_city_list(url) :

    AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='columns']/div/div[2]/section/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/a[2]"
    COMBOBOX_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/button"
    COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/div/ul/li[%s]/a/span[1]"
    CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/button"

    pages = []

    try:
        browser = get_browser()
        wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 100)
        browser.get(main_page_url)
        time.sleep(2)

        button_age_accept = browser.find_element_by_xpath(AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH)
        button_age_accept.click()
        time.sleep(10)

        browser.get(url)

        i = 2

        while(True) :
            try :

                button_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(COMBOBOX_XPATH)
                button_combobox.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                element_xpath = COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH % i
                option_in_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(element_xpath)
                # wait.until(EC.invisibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, element_xpath)))
                # option_in_combobox = WebDriverWait(browser, 10).until(lambda browser : browser.find_element_by_xpath(element_xpath))
                option_in_combobox.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                button_choose = browser.find_element_by_xpath(CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH)
                button_choose.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                pages.append(browser.current_url)

                i += 1
            except Exception, e:
                print e
                break

        browser.close()
        return pages

    except Exception, e:
        info = 'Generic exception\n'
        print e
        return []

get_city_list(basic_url)

我也试过滚动条，试图将其向下移动，但仍然没有效果。我只能滚动此下拉框顶部的页面：

#!/bin/env/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

def get_browser():
    return webdriver.Chrome()


main_page_url = "http://example.com/"
basic_url = 'http://example.com/ogloszenia-kobiet.html'

def get_city_list(url) :

    AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='columns']/div/div[2]/section/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/a[2]"
    COMBOBOX_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/button"
    COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/div/ul/li[%s]/a/span[1]"
    CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/button"

    pages = []

    try:
        browser = get_browser()
        wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 100)
        browser.get(main_page_url)
        time.sleep(2)

        button_age_accept = browser.find_element_by_xpath(AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH)
        button_age_accept.click()
        time.sleep(10)

        browser.get(url)

        i = 2

        while(True) :
            try :

                button_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(COMBOBOX_XPATH)
                button_combobox.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                element_xpath = COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH % i
                option_in_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(element_xpath)

                actionChains = ActionChains(browser)
                scrollbar = browser.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/section/section[2]/div/div[2]/section/div/div/div/div[1]/ul/li/form/div/div/ul")
                actionChains.click_and_hold(scrollbar).perform()
                actionChains.move_by_offset(0,10+i).perform()
                actionChains.release()

                browser.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", option_in_combobox)
                option_in_combobox.click()

                browser.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, 0);")

                button_choose = browser.find_element_by_xpath(CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH)
                button_choose.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                pages.append(browser.current_url)

                i += 1
            except Exception, e:
                print e
                break

        browser.close()
        return pages

    except Exception, e:
        info = 'Generic exception\n'
        print e
        return []

pages = get_city_list(basic_url)
for p in pages :
    with open('links.txt', 'a') as the_file:
        the_file.write(p)
        the_file.write('\n')

-------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- 的 更新： 的 ----------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------

目前，我正在使用Kubuntu 14.04。我有Python 2.7.11和Selenium 2.49.2。我目前的代码：

#!/bin/env/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select

# def get_browser():
#     options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
#     options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
#     return webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)


def get_browser():
    return webdriver.Firefox()

main_page_url = "http://example.com/"
basic_url = 'http://example.com/ogloszenia-kobiet.html'

def get_city_list(url) :

    AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='columns']/div/div[2]/section/div/div/div/div/div/div[2]/div[2]/a[2]"
    COMBOBOX_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/button"
    COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/div/ul/li[%s]/a/span[1]"
    CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH = ".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/button"

    pages = []

    try:
        browser = get_browser()
        wait = WebDriverWait(browser, 100)
        browser.get(main_page_url)
        time.sleep(2)

        button_age_accept = browser.find_element_by_xpath(AGE_ACCEPT_BUTTON_XPATH)
        button_age_accept.click()
        time.sleep(10)

        browser.get(url)

        i = 2

        while(True) :
            try :

                button_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(COMBOBOX_XPATH)
                button_combobox.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                element_xpath = COMBOBOX_OPTION_XPATH % i
                option_in_combobox = browser.find_element_by_xpath(element_xpath)
                option_in_combobox.click()

                button_choose = browser.find_element_by_xpath(CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH)
                button_choose.click()
                time.sleep(5)

                pages.append(browser.current_url)

                i += 1
            except Exception, e:
                print e
                break

        browser.close()
        return pages

    except Exception, e:
        info = 'Generic exception\n'
        print e
        return []

pages = get_city_list(basic_url)
for p in pages :
    with open('links.txt', 'a') as the_file:
        the_file.write(p)
        the_file.write('\n')

对于Firefox，代码退出元素'Gdańsk'，并带有消息：string indices must be integers，这意味着它找不到我的组合框中的每个元素。

对于Chrome和Windows XP，它会在'Bielsko-Biała'退出，所以再一次，它意味着它找不到我的组合框中的每个元素。 ...

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

移至元素，然后单击：

from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains

actions = ActionChains(browser)
actions.move_to_element(option_in_combobox).click().perform()

或，scroll into it's view：

browser.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView();", option_in_combobox)

或单击元素via javascript：

browser.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", option_in_combobox)

对于Firefox，代码退出元素'Gdańsk'并带有一条消息：字符串索引必须是整数，这意味着它找不到我的组合框中的每个元素。

selenium 2.49中存在可能导致此TypeError的问题。你需要降级到2.48：

pip install selenium==2.48

Python & Selenium Click and "TypeError: string indices must be integers"

Answer 2

如上所述，您应首先移动到选项元素，然后再点击它：actions.move_to_element(option_in_combobox).click().perform()。现在是“button_choose”元素不可见，因为浏览器向下滚动。要解决此问题，您需要滚动到顶部，然后单击按钮：

browser.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, 0);") # scroll to top

button_choose = browser.find_element_by_xpath(CHOOSE_BUTTON_XPATH)
button_choose.click()

Answer 3

我在java中尝试过它的工作非常好。我请求请主要查看循环，因为我可以逐个选择选项。我刚刚使用Thread.sleep，因为我知道我们也可以使用等待。为了类似于我刚刚附加到StringBuffer的问题，我知道我们可以添加到java中的任何收集器。我并没有像接受年龄那样完全按照我所说的那样专注于那个下拉选择..

 public class Dog {

  private WebDriver driver;
  private String baseUrl;
  private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();

  @BeforeClass()
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
   // driver = new FirefoxDriver();
      System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "E:\\selenium_setups\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
        driver=new ChromeDriver();
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
    baseUrl = "http://example.com/";
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  }

  @Test
  public void testStackoverflowIssue() throws Exception {

   driver.get(baseUrl);
   driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".btn.btn-success")).click();
   driver.get("http://example.com/ogloszenia-kobiet.html");
    List<WebElement> options=driver.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/div/ul/li"));

    for(int i=1; i<=options.size(); i++){

    driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//button[@type='button'])[4]")).click();
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//ul[@id='select_city']/li/form/div/div/ul/li["+i+"]")).click();
    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("button.btn.btn-success")).click();
    Thread.sleep(5000);
    verificationErrors.append(driver.getCurrentUrl());
    System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl() +" >>> iteration " +i);
    driver.navigate().to("http://example.com/ogloszenia-kobiet.html");
    Thread.sleep(5000);
  }
  }

}

我希望这会帮助你在python中选择下拉值..

输出

谢谢你，穆拉利

Answer 4

在选择＆＃34;当前不可见元素＆＃34;之前尝试此操作，然后点击下拉菜单：

browser.execute_script("document.getElementsByClassName('dropdown-menu inner selectpicker')[0].setAttribute('style', '');")

Selenium Dropdown Box Python

4 个答案: