独立的Nexys 4时钟随着时间的推移而不同步

时间:2015-12-06 22:01:07

标签: verilog hardware hdl

我们正在开发一个程序,需要在两个设备上同步时钟来测量超声信号的飞行时间。

问题在于,当我们合成程序并在两个独立的Nexys4 FPGA上进行测试时,距离会随着时间的推移而减小(0.13 cm / s)。这个比率是不变的,并且总是在减少,这使我们认为问题出在代码中。

当我们只在一个Nexys 4中合成程序时,不会随着时间的推移而减少。

我们有一个模块可以监听名为dataListener的信号(每个从站3个信号和3个从站):信号SendCommand是UART模块的控制信号,它将方向和命令发送到SRF02超声波,这个模块正是如此这两种设备都是一样的。

module dataListener(
    input mclk,
    input clkSync,
    input reset,
    input rxDataRdy,
    output wire[7:0] command,
    output reg[7:0] direction,
    output reg read,
    output reg sendCommand,
     output reg dataChanged,
     output reg [1:0] slave,
     output reg [1:0] sensor
    );

parameter dir0 = 8'd0;
parameter dir1 = 8'd3;
parameter dir2 = 8'd6;

parameter rangingCommand = 8'd87;
parameter readCommand = 8'd94;

//parameter clkTime = 0.000000001; // 1ns Simulation // 10ns FPGA
//parameter windowTime = 0.08; // 80 ms
//parameter listenTime = 0.07; // 70ms
parameter windowCyclesDuration = 8000000;
parameter listenCyclesDuration = 7000000;

reg [54:0] windowCounter;
reg emitSent;
reg readSent;

reg slave1;
reg slave2;
reg slave3;

assign command = emitSent ?  readCommand : rangingCommand;
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

always @(posedge mclk) begin

    if( reset )begin
        sensor <= 2'b0;
        windowCounter <= 55'b0;
        emitSent <= 0;
        readSent <= 0;
          slave <=0;
    end else begin
          if( clkSync ) begin

            if( windowCounter >= windowCyclesDuration )begin //Window ended
                windowCounter <= 55'b0; //resetCounter
                emitSent <= 0;
                readSent <= 0;
                if( sensor == 2'd2 )begin
                        sensor <= 2'b0;
                        if(slave == 2'd2)
                            slave <= 2'b0;
                        else
                            slave <= slave+1'b1;
                end else begin
                    sensor <= sensor + 1'b1;
                end       
            end else begin
                windowCounter <= windowCounter + 1'b1;  //Window in process
                if(!emitSent)begin
                    sendCommand <= 1;         
                end
                else if( (windowCounter >= listenCyclesDuration) && !readSent)begin //listen done, time to send the read command
                    sendCommand <= 1;         
                end           
            end

            if(sendCommand)begin
                sendCommand <= 0; //Shut down "sendCommand" signal.
                if(!emitSent)
                    emitSent <= 1;
                else
                    readSent <= 1;
            end
        end
        /// Process incoming data 
        if( rxDataRdy )begin
            read <= 1;  
        end else if( read )begin
            read <= 0;

        end 
    end
end

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
always @( sensor ) begin
    case(sensor)
        2'd0: begin
            direction <= dir0;
        end
        2'd1: begin
            direction <= dir1;
        end
        2'd2: begin
            direction <= dir2;
        end
        default: begin
            direction <= dir0;
        end
    endcase
end

endmodule

从设备上发送命令的模块:

module slave(
     input mclk,
    input clkSync,
     input reset,
     output [7:0] command,
    output [7:0] direction,
     output reg sendCommand,
     output inWindow
    );

parameter numSlave = 2'b0;          //Between 0-2
parameter dir=8'd0;                 //Depends on the slaves direction
parameter comm=8'd92;

assign command = comm;
assign direction = dir;

parameter windowCyclesDuration = 8000000;

reg [54:0] windowCounter;
reg [1:0] sensor, slave;
reg commandSent;
assign inWindow = (slave == numSlave);

always @(posedge mclk) begin

    if( reset )begin
        windowCounter <= 55'b0;
          sendCommand <=0;
          commandSent <= 1; 
          slave <= 2'b0;
          sensor <= 2'b0;
   end else begin
          if( clkSync ) begin
            if( windowCounter >= windowCyclesDuration )begin //Window ended
                windowCounter <= 55'b0; //resetCounter
                     commandSent <= 0; 
                if( sensor == 2'd2 )begin
                        sensor <= 2'b0;
                        if(slave == 2'd2)
                            slave <= 2'b0;
                        else
                            slave <= slave + 1'b1;
                end else begin
                     sensor <= sensor + 1'b1;
                end       
            end else begin
                    windowCounter <= windowCounter + 1'b1;  //Window in process
                    if( inWindow && !commandSent)begin //im in my window and command not sent yet
                        sendCommand <= 1;//send when a new window is about to begin
                        commandSent <= 1;
                    end
            end 

                if(sendCommand)begin
                    sendCommand <= 0; //Shut down "sendCommand" signal.
                end
          end       
    end
end

endmodule

信号clkSync仅在两个设备均为“同步”时激活,该信号仅在通过电缆开始运行时发生,然后将其移除以允许移动。

这是主人的同步模块:

module SyncM(
    input mclk,
    input reset,
    input response1,
    input response2,
    input response3,
    output reg call1,
     output reg call2,
     output reg call3,
    output reg clkSync,
     output reg slave1,
     output reg slave2,
     output reg slave3
     );



always @ (posedge mclk)   begin

    if(reset)begin
        clkSync <= 0;
        slave1 <= 0;
        slave2 <= 0;
        slave3 <= 0;
        call1 <= 0; 
        call2 <= 0;
        call3 <= 0;
    end else begin

        if( btn && !call1 )begin    
            call1 <= 1;
            call2 <= 1;
            call3 <= 1;
            clkSync <= 1;
        end

        if(response1)
                slave1 <= 1;

        if(response2)
                slave2 <= 1;

        if(response3)
                slave3 <= 1;
    end
end
endmodule

从属同步模块,call信号通过电缆从主设备发送到从设备。

`timescale 1ns / 1ps

module SyncS(
    input reset,
     input call,
    output reg clkSync,
    output reg response
    );


always @ (reset or call) begin

    if(reset) begin
        clkSync <= 0;
        response <= 0;        
    end else begin
        if (call) begin
            response <= 1;
            clkSync <= 1;
        end
  end
end
endmodule

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

我无法理解您的所有代码。但是,问题似乎是,您依赖FPGA板上的外部振荡器。如果使用两块板,两个振荡器将不会以完全相同的频率运行。因此,如果在启动后仅对相位进行一次补偿,则时钟将在一段时间后失去同步。这就是为什么它只与一个董事会合作。

有两种可能的解决方案:

  • 只使用一个时钟源(振荡器)并将时钟转发到其他电路板。

  • 定期补偿相移。

两种解决方案都需要在两块板之间建立或多或少的稳定连接。