我试图学习评估表达式的二叉树的这种实现。我无法运行它并看到输出。我怎么得到3 *(7 + 1)/ 4 +(17-5),结果是18。 这是链接http://math.hws.edu/eck/cs225/s03/binary_trees/
class ExpNode {
// Represents a node of any type in an expression tree.
// This is an "abstract" class, since it contains an undefined
// function, value(), that must be defined in subclasses.
// The word "virtual" says that the defintion can change
// in a subclass. The "= 0" says that this function has
// no definition in this class.
public:
virtual double value() = 0; // Return the value of this node.
}; // end class ExpNode
class ConstNode : public ExpNode {
// Represents a node that holds a number. (The
// ": public ExpNode" says that this class is
// a subclass of ExpNode.)
double number; // The number in the node.
public:
ConstNode( double val ) {
// Constructor. Create a node to hold val.
number = val;
}
double value() {
// The value is just the number that the node holds.
return number;
}
}; // end class ConstNode
class BinOpNode : public ExpNode {
// Represents a node that holds an operator.
char op; // The operator.
ExpNode *left; // The left operand.
ExpNode *right; // The right operand.
public:
BinOpNode( char op, ExpNode *left, ExpNode *right ) {
// Constructor. Create a node to hold the given data.
this->op = op;
this->left = left;
this->right = right;
}
double value() {
// To get the value, compute the value of the left and
// right operands, and combine them with the operator.
double leftVal = left->value();
double rightVal = right->value();
switch ( op ) {
case '+': return leftVal + rightVal;
case '-': return leftVal - rightVal;
case '*': return leftVal * rightVal;
case '/': return leftVal / rightVal;
}
}
}; // end class BinOpNode
这是我尝试制作一个主要功能:
int main() {
BinOpNode *opnode;
opnode = new BinOpNode;
opnode->value()=5;
ExpNode *expnode;
expnode = opnode;
expnode->value();
return 0;
}
它没有编译,这是错误
15:58:27 **** Incremental Build of configuration Debug for project ExpNode ****
Info: Internal Builder is used for build
g++ -O0 -g3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -o "src\\ExpNode.o" "..\\src\\ExpNode.cpp"
..\src\ExpNode.cpp: In function 'int main()':
..\src\ExpNode.cpp:60:15: error: no matching function for call to 'BinOpNode::BinOpNode()'
..\src\ExpNode.cpp:36:2: note: candidates are: BinOpNode::BinOpNode(char, ExpNode*, ExpNode*)
..\src\ExpNode.cpp:30:33: note: BinOpNode::BinOpNode(const BinOpNode&)
..\src\ExpNode.cpp:61:18: error: lvalue required as left operand of assignment
15:58:28 Build Finished (took 405ms)
答案 0 :(得分:0)
没有类具有默认构造函数
value
返回计算表达式的结果,并且需要在构造表达式时将表达式的必要部分作为参数传递。
(目前还不清楚您希望如何将值5分配给二进制表达式。)
你需要从叶子(它将是常量)构建一个树到根
例如,这里是表达式5 + 3
:
ConstNode five(5);
ConstNode three(3);
BinOpNode fiveplusthree('+', &five, &three);
std::cout << fiveplusthree.value(); // Should print 8
答案 1 :(得分:0)
我认为问题出在你的main()函数的逻辑中。
根据给定类的定义,首先应为表达式中的每个数字创建一个ConstNode
类型的对象。然后,您应该为表达式中的每个运算符创建BinOpNode
。
顺便说一句,该表达式的评估结果为18,而不是82!
这样的事情:
//3*(7+1)/4+(17-5) = 18
int main()
{
BinOpNode *a, *b;
a = new BinOpNode('+', new ConstNode(7), new ConstNode(1));
a = new BinOpNode('*', new ConstNode(3), a);
a = new BinOpNode('/', a, new ConstNode(4));
b = new BinOpNode('-', new ConstNode(17), new ConstNode(5));
b = new BinOpNode('+', a, b);
cout << b->value();
}
PS:我们可以在ConstNode
的构造函数中ExpNode
的对象中传递BinOpNode
的对象,因为ConstNode
继承自ExpNode
抽象基类。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在C ++中,默认构造函数的工作很有趣。
如果您没有定义任何构造函数,则会为您生成默认构造函数:
class A {};
int main()
{
A a; // perfectly fine
但是如果你定义任何其他构造函数,那些生成的构造函数就会消失:
class A
{
A(int) { ... }
};
int main()
{
A a; // ERROR!
}
在这种情况下,默认构造函数不存在,因为您定义了一个,并且编译器没有为您生成一个。
这是你的问题,因为在main
,你有这一行:
opnode = new BinOpNode;
运行BinOpNode
的默认构造函数。看看你的BinOpNode
构造函数:
BinOpNode( char op, ExpNode *left, ExpNode *right )
嘿看:那不是默认的构造函数!
您有两种选择:在类中添加默认构造函数:
BinOpNode() { ... }
或在调用new
时使用参数:
opnode = new BinOpNode(op, left, right);
祝你好运!