多个表上的复杂SQL查询

时间:2015-11-12 16:59:17

标签: mysql sql

我有以下数据库架构:

database schema

使用下面的SQL

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `gr_reports`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `gr_reports` (
  `id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `cohort_id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
  `title` LONGTEXT CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_unicode_ci' NOT NULL,
  `allow_students` LONGBLOB NOT NULL,
  `allow_parents` LONGBLOB NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`))
ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = utf8
COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `gr_courses`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `gr_courses` (
  `id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `report_id` BIGINT(10) NULL,
  `title` LONGTEXT CHARACTER SET 'utf8' COLLATE 'utf8_unicode_ci' NOT NULL,
  `weight` TINYINT(2) NOT NULL,
  `sortorder` TINYINT(2) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `idx_report_id` (`report_id` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_report_id`
    FOREIGN KEY (`report_id`)
    REFERENCES `gr_reports` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = utf8
COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `gr_courses_list`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `gr_courses_list` (
  `id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `report_course_id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
  `course_id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `idx_report_course_id` (`report_course_id` ASC),
  UNIQUE INDEX `idx_unique_ids` (`course_id` ASC, `report_course_id` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_g_report_course_id`
    FOREIGN KEY (`report_course_id`)
    REFERENCES `gr_courses` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET = utf8
COLLATE = utf8_unicode_ci;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `gr_grades`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `gr_grades` (
  `id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `report_id` BIGINT(10) NULL,
  `title` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `sortorder` TINYINT(2) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `idx_report_id` (`report_id` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_gr_grades_gr_reports1`
    FOREIGN KEY (`report_id`)
    REFERENCES `gr_reports` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;


-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `gr_grades_list`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `gr_grades_list` (
  `id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `report_grade_id` BIGINT(10) NOT NULL,
  `course_item_id` BIGINT(10) NULL,
  `grade_item_id` BIGINT(10) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `idx_report_grade_id` (`report_grade_id` ASC),
  UNIQUE INDEX `idx_unique_ids` (`grade_item_id` ASC, `report_grade_id` ASC, `course_item_id` ASC),
  INDEX `idx_report_course_item_ids` (`course_item_id` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `fk_report_grade_id`
    FOREIGN KEY (`report_grade_id`)
    REFERENCES `gr_grades` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION,
  CONSTRAINT `fk_report_course_item_id`
    FOREIGN KEY (`course_item_id`)
    REFERENCES `gr_courses_list` (`id`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

实际上,数据库包含Grades_Reports(gr_reports),每个Grade_Report包含一些课程项目(gr_courses)作为报告购物车行和等级项目(gr_grades)作为报告购物车列。类似于以下内容:

.------.-------.-------.------
|      |  mid  | final |  ...
|------|-------|-------|------
| math |   9   |   7   |  ...
|------|-------|-------|------
| ...

注意,我删除了'当然''和'等级''这里的表格简化了我的图表,该图表创建了该部分的独立性,并在分离的表格中显示了它们的信息。

由于某种原因,gr_courses中的每条记录都与gr_courses_list中的许多(1:N)课程相关。例如''数学''该项目可能与' math1''和' math2''在''当然''表。最后,gr_grades_list将每个成绩项目与课程项目相关联。

现在我的问题是: 对于每个报告和该报告中的每个课程,有多少成绩标题未在gr_grades_list中设置。我的意思是成绩项目没有映射到“等级”中的对应关系''''''' TABEL。

我在mysql中尝试了以下查询,但结果不正确:

SELECT 
    gr_reports.id, 
    gr_reports.title, 
    gr_courses.title,
    count(gr_grades.id),
    count(gr_grades_list.id)

FROM gr_reports
JOIN (gr_courses LEFT JOIN gr_courses_list 
    ON gr_courses_list.report_course_id = gr_courses.id)
        ON gr_courses.report_id = gr_reports.id
JOIN (gr_grades LEFT JOIN gr_grades_list
    ON gr_grades_list.report_grade_id = gr_grades.id)
        ON gr_grades.report_id = gr_reports.id

WHERE gr_courses_list.course_id=145
group by gr_reports.id, gr_courses.id

修改

以下示例数据

INSERT INTO gr_reports
    (id, cohort_id, title, allow_students, allow_parents)
    VALUES (1, 1, 'report1', 0, 0), (2, 1, 'report2', 0, 0);

INSERT INTO gr_courses
    (id, report_id, title, weight, sortorder)
    VALUES (1, 1, "r1_c1", 1, 0), (2, 1, "r1_c2", 1, 1),
    (3, 2, "r2_c1", 1, 0), (4, 2, "r2_c2", 1, 1);

INSERT INTO gr_courses_list
    (id, report_course_id, course_id)
    VALUES (1, 1, 145),(2, 1, 146),(3, 2, 145),(4, 2, 147),
    (5, 3, 145),(6, 3, 148),(7, 4, 145),(8, 4, 149);

INSERT INTO gr_grades
    (id, report_id, title, sortorder)
    VALUES (1, 1, "r1_g1", 0), (2, 1, "r1_g2", 1),
    (3, 2, "r2_g1", 0), (4, 2, "r2_g2", 1);

INSERT INTO `moodle`.`gr_grades_list`
    (id, report_grade_id, course_item_id, grade_item_id)
    VALUES (1, 1, 1, 505),(2, 2, 1, 506),(3, 1, 3, 507),
    (4, 2, 3, 508), (5, 3, 5, 509);

结果应类似于:

1, report1, r1_c1, 2, 2
1, report1, r1_c2, 2, 2
2, report2, r2_c1, 2, 1
2, report2, r2_c2, 2, 0

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这将给出正确的结果(SQLFiddle):

SELECT 
   gr_reports.id, 
   gr_reports.title, 
   gr_courses.title,
   COUNT(gr_grades.id),
   (SELECT COUNT(1) FROM gr_grades_list WHERE gr_grades_list.report_grade_id = gr_courses.id)
FROM gr_reports
JOIN gr_courses      ON gr_courses.report_id             = gr_reports.id
JOIN gr_grades       ON gr_grades.report_id              = gr_reports.id
JOIN gr_courses_list ON gr_courses_list.report_course_id = gr_courses.id
WHERE gr_courses_list.course_id = 145
GROUP BY gr_reports.id, gr_courses.id

如果LEFT JOIN courses_list子句中的列course_id(没有匹配,WHEREcourse_id且行为NULL,则无需LEFT JOIN将被过滤掉)。带有gr_grades_list的{​​{1}}乘以COUNT的{​​{1}}(可以使用gr_grades.id在您的查询中修复COUNT(DISTINCT gr_grades.id) COUNT gr_grades_list 1}} DISTINCT}仍然是错误的。