需要读取txt文件 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fonnesbeck/Bios6301/master/datasets/addr.txt
并将它们转换为数据框R，列号为：LastName，FirstName，streetno，streetname，city，state和zip ...
尝试使用sep命令将它们分开但失败了......
答案 0 :(得分：4)
扩展我的评论，这是另一种方法。如果您的完整数据集有更广泛的模式需要考虑，您可能需要调整一些代码。
library(stringr) # For str_trim
# Read string data and split into data frame
dat = readLines("addr.txt")
dat = as.data.frame(do.call(rbind, strsplit(dat, split=" {2,10}")), stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
names(dat) = c("LastName", "FirstName", "address", "city", "state", "zip")
# Separate address into number and street (if streetno isn't always numeric,
# or if you don't want it to be numeric, then just remove the as.numeric wrapper).
dat$streetno = as.numeric(gsub("([0-9]{1,4}).*","\\1", dat$address))
dat$streetname = gsub("[0-9]{1,4} (.*)","\\1", dat$address)
# Clean up zip
dat$zip = gsub("O","0", dat$zip)
dat$zip = str_trim(dat$zip)
dat = dat[,c(1:2,7:8,4:6)]
dat
LastName FirstName streetno streetname city state zip
1 Bania Thomas M. 725 Commonwealth Ave. Boston MA 02215
2 Barnaby David 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
3 Bausch Judy 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
...
41 Wright Greg 791 Holmdel-Keyport Rd. Holmdel NY 07733-1988
42 Zingale Michael 5640 S. Ellis Ave. Chicago IL 60637
答案 1 :(得分：1)
试试这个。
x<-scan("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fonnesbeck/Bios6301/master/datasets/addr.txt" ,
what = list(LastName="", FirstName="", streetno="", streetname="", city="", state="",zip=""))
data<-as.data.frame(x)
答案 2 :(得分：1)
此处您的问题不是如何使用R来读取此数据，而是使用您作为输入的可变长度字段之间使用常规分隔符来充分构建数据。此外，邮政编码字段包含一些alpha＆＃34; O＆＃34;字符应为＆＃34; 0＆＃34;。
因此，这是一种使用正则表达式替换添加分隔符，然后使用read.csv()解析分隔文本的方法。请注意，根据整个文本集中的例外情况，您可能需要调整正则表达式。我已经在这里一步一步地完成了它们，以明确正在做什么，以便您可以在输入文本中找到异常时进行调整。 （例如，某些城市名称，例如`Wms.Bay＆＃34;是两个单词。）
addr.txt <- readLines("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fonnesbeck/Bios6301/master/datasets/addr.txt")
addr.txt <- gsub("\\s+O(\\d{4})", " 0\\1", addr.txt) # replace O with 0 in zip
addr.txt <- gsub("(\\s+)([A-Z]{2})", ", \\2", addr.txt) # state
addr.txt <- gsub("\\s+(\\d{5}(\\-\\d{4}){0,1})\\s*", ", \\1", addr.txt) # zip
addr.txt <- gsub("\\s+(\\d{1,4})\\s", ", \\1, ", addr.txt) # streetno
addr.txt <- gsub("(^\\w*)(\\s+)", "\\1, ", addr.txt) # LastName (FirstName)
addr.txt <- gsub("\\s{2,}", ", ", addr.txt) # city, by elimination
addr <- read.csv(textConnection(addr.txt), header = FALSE,
col.names = c("LastName", "FirstName", "streetno", "streetname", "city", "state", "zip"),
stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
head(addr)
## LastName FirstName streetno streetname city state zip
## 1 Bania Thomas M. 725 Commonwealth Ave. Boston MA 02215
## 2 Barnaby David 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
## 3 Bausch Judy 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
## 4 Bolatto Alberto 725 Commonwealth Ave. Boston MA 02215
## 5 Carlstrom John 933 E. 56th St. Chicago IL 60637
## 6 Chamberlin Richard A. 111 Nowelo St. Hilo HI 96720
答案 3 :(得分：1)
我发现通过添加逗号所在的文件将文件修复到csv最简单，然后阅读它。
## get the page as text
txt <- RCurl::getURL(
"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fonnesbeck/Bios6301/master/datasets/addr.txt"
)
## fix the EOL (end-of-line) markers
g1 <- gsub(" \n", "\n", txt, fixed = TRUE)
## read it
df <- read.csv(
## add most comma-separators, then the last for the house number
text = gsub("(\\d+) (\\D+)", "\\1,\\2", gsub("\\s{2,}", ",", g1)),
header = FALSE,
## set the column names
col.names = c("LastName", "FirstName", "streetno", "streetname", "city", "state", "zip")
)
## result
head(df)
# LastName FirstName streetno streetname city state zip
# 1 Bania Thomas M. 725 Commonwealth Ave. Boston MA O2215
# 2 Barnaby David 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
# 3 Bausch Judy 373 W. Geneva St. Wms. Bay WI 53191
# 4 Bolatto Alberto 725 Commonwealth Ave. Boston MA O2215
# 5 Carlstrom John 933 E. 56th St. Chicago IL 60637
# 6 Chamberlin Richard A. 111 Nowelo St. Hilo HI 96720