我正在尝试研究如何使用cython来加速涉及在我定义的类中完成的集成的计算。我试图更好地理解cython如何与用户定义的python类一起工作。我想更多地了解为什么会出现下面描述的错误。
我在名为ex.pyx
from libc.math cimport log
from libc.math cimport sqrt
import scipy.integrate as integ
cdef double integrand_outside(double x):
"""Cython: integrand outside the class"""
cdef double f = log(x) / sqrt(x)
return f
cdef class CalcSomething(object):
def integrate_other(self, double a, double b):
"""This does the integral with the integrand outside the class"""
return integ.quad(integrand_outside, a, b)[0]
def integrate_self(self, double a, double b):
"""This does the integral with the integrand inside the class"""
return integ.quad(self._integrand, a, b)[0]
def integrate_wrap_self(self, double a, double b):
"""This does the integral with the integrand inside the class"""
return integ.quad(self.wrap_integrand, a, b)[0]
def wrap_integrand(self, double x):
"""Python method that wraps _integrand"""
return self._integrand(x)
cdef double _integrand(self, double x):
"""Cython: integrand inside the class"""
cdef double f = log(x) / sqrt(x)
return f
它显示了从类
中调用scipy.integrate.quad
的三种方法
integrate_other
(ok!)integrate_self
(产生错误)integrate_wrap_self
(ok!)上面的cython代码编译得很好。现在我调用每种集成方法,例如
import ex
calcSomething = ex.CalcSomething()
a = 0.001
b = 0.1
calcSomething.integrate_other(a,b) # works
calcSomething.integrate_wrap_self(a,b) # works
calcSomething.integrate_self(a,b) # doesn't work
这是追溯:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "../examples/example.py", line 10, in <module>
print "integrate self =", calcSomething.integrate_self(a,b) # doesn't work
File "ex.pyx", line 17, in ex.CalcSomething.integrate_self (ex.c:989)
return integ.quad(self._integrand, a, b)[0]
File "/home/alex/Enthought/Canopy_64bit/User/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scipy/integrate/quadpack.py", line 281, in quad
retval = _quad(func,a,b,args,full_output,epsabs,epsrel,limit,points)
File "/home/alex/Enthought/Canopy_64bit/User/lib/python2.7/site-packages/scipy/integrate/quadpack.py", line 345, in _quad
return _quadpack._qagse(func,a,b,args,full_output,epsabs,epsrel,limit)
File "stringsource", line 30, in cfunc.to_py.__Pyx_CFunc_double____CalcSomething____double___to_py.wrap (ex.c:1560)
TypeError: wrap() takes exactly 2 positional arguments (1 given)
以下是我的问题:
为什么scipy.integrate
可以作为cython函数或python方法传递(所以现在将实例作为第一个参数)但不能作为cython方法传递?错误:
TypeError: wrap() takes exactly 2 positional arguments (1 given)
意味着问题是使用我认为的cython方法传递的实例参数?
这个错误是由于我对如何进行cython的误解,还是scipy
的限制?
如果我想通过cython加速,我计划在一个类中计算积分(通过在类中调用一个被积函数)是一个糟糕的解决方案吗?披露:真正的代码将调用GSL集成函数,而不是scipy
。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
从上面的hpaulj的帮助:答案是_integrand
方法需要声明cpdef
而不是cdef
cpdef double _integrand(self, double x):
"""Cython: integrand inside the class"""
cdef double f = log(x) / sqrt(x)
return f