我正在尝试使用多线程解决Java中的Producer / Consumer问题,但我一直陷入僵局,我无法弄清楚原因。
BoundedBuffer.java
public class BoundedBuffer {
private final int[] buffer;
private final int N;
private int in = 0;
private int out = 0;
private int itemCount = 0;
public BoundedBuffer(int size) {
N = size + 1;
buffer = new int[N];
}
public void insert(Producer producer, int item) {
synchronized (producer) {
while ( (in + 1) % N == out) {
try {
producer.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
buffer[in] = item;
in = (in + 1) % N;
itemCount++;
}
public int remove(Consumer consumer) {
synchronized (consumer) {
while (in == out) {
try {
consumer.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
int item = buffer[out];
buffer[out] = null;
out = (out + 1) % N;
itemCount--;
return item;
}
}
}
Producer.java
public class Producer extends Thread {
private int total = 0;
private BoundedBuffer buffer;
private int uniqueItem = 0;
public Producer(int total, BoundedBuffer b) {
this.total = total;
this.buffer = b;
}
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < quota; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
buffer.insert(this, uniqueItem++);
this.notifyAll();
}
}
}
Consumer.java
public class Consumer extends Thread {
private int total = 0;
private BoundedBuffer buffer;
public Consumer(int total, BoundedBuffer b) {
this.total = total;
this.buffer = b;
}
public void run() {
for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
try {
Thread.sleep((int)(Math.random() * 100));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
buffer.remove(this);
this.notifyAll();
}
}
}
此代码将运行一段时间,当我有调试集时(&#34;此生产者正试图插入此项...&#34;)我看到一个很好的模式,但不时出现我收到这个错误:
Exception in thread "Thread-2" java.lang.IllegalMonitorStateException
at java.lang.Object.notifyAll(Native Method)
at Consumer.run(Consumer.java:19)
然后我在那之后发生了一段时间的死锁。
我认为我的问题是由于我正在同步的密钥producer
和consumer
实例。我不知道还有什么我可以同步这个方法,这就是最让我感到困惑的事情。我相信我可以为每个消费者/制作人分享一把钥匙,但我不确定这是怎么回事。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您应该在BoundedBuffer
本身上进行同步,并在synchronized块中使用wait
来释放锁定并等待另一个线程通知睡眠的那个。
本教程中有一个完整的示例: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/concurrency/guardmeth.html
此外,请注意您现在可以使用BlockingQueue
以更简单的方式实现消费者 - 生产者模式。
这里有BlockingQueue
的文档,显示了更简单的Consumer-Producer实现:
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/BlockingQueue.html