为什么这个函数需要[[a]]?

时间:2015-09-23 06:01:08

标签: haskell type-inference type-systems

我正在编写Haskell代码,练习尾递归来反转列表,并提出了这个解决方案:

reverseh' [] list = list
reverseh' (x:xs) list = reverseh' (xs) (x ++ list)
reverse' x = reverseh' x []

它仅适用于列表列表,但我希望它具有类型签名[a] -> [a]

请你解释我在这里做错了什么?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:9)

如果你没有得到预期的类型,最好添加一个显式类型签名来告诉编译器你想要的类型,在这里:

reverseh' :: [a] -> [a] -> [a]

然后你得到一个编译错误:

Couldn't match expected type `[a]' with actual type `a'     
  `a' is a rigid type variable bound by                     
      the type signature for reverseh' :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] 
      at reverseh.hs:1:14                                   
Relevant bindings include                                   
  list :: [a] (bound at reverseh.hs:3:18)                   
  xs :: [a] (bound at reverseh.hs:3:14)                     
  x :: a (bound at reverseh.hs:3:12)                        
  reverseh' :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] (bound at reverseh.hs:2:1) 
In the first argument of `(++)', namely `x'                 
In the second argument of reverseh', namely `(x ++ list)'   

这告诉您,在(x ++ list)中,x需要为[a]类型才能进行类型检查,但是考虑到类型签名,x确实属于a类型。因此,您希望将++替换为a -> [a] -> [a]类型的函数,这样您就可以使用(x : list)

答案 1 :(得分:3)

由于第二行中的(x ++ list)表达式,typechecker认为x :: [a]。我想你想写(x : list)