Question

在水文学领域，通常使用来自翻斗的降雨数据。每次铲斗装满时，它就会记录下来，例如0.2毫米或0.5毫米的水。

我想将这种数据导入R，但找不到顺利的方法。我从问题Creating regular 15-minute time-series from irregular time-series的答案中得到了很好的帮助，但我仍然错过了我们通常处理数据的一部分：低强度降雨期间的平滑。

这是我在瑞典马尔默的一个翻斗车的数据的一小部分。每0.2毫米降雨量登记为0.2：

Rainfall Depth[millimeter]:Instantaneous    Undefined[undefined]:Instantaneous
Time    M05_Bulltofta_vippning  Flag
2014-08-31 04:09:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:12:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:17:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:20:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:22:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:23:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:24:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:25:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:28:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:36:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:41:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:42:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:43:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:45:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:47:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:49:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:51:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:52:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:54:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:55:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 04:58:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:02:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:06:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:09:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:12:57 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:14:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:16:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:17:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:19:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:20:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:22:44 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:24:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:25:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:26:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:27:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:27:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:28:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:29:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:30:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:30:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:31:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:31:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:32:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:33:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:35:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:36:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:38:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:40:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:44:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:44:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:45:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:45:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:46:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:47:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:48:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:48:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:48:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:48:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:48:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:49:15 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:49:34 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:50:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:50:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:50:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:51:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:52:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:52:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:53:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:53:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:53:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:54:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:54:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:55:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:55:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:55:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:56:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:56:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:56:52 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:57:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:57:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:58:34 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:59:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 05:59:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:00:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:00:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:00:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:01:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:01:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:01:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:02:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:02:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:02:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:03:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:03:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:04:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:05:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:06:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:07:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:08:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:09:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:10:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:10:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:11:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:11:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:12:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:12:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:12:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:12:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:13:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:13:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:13:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:14:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:14:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:14:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:15:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:15:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:15:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:16:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:16:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:16:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:17:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:17:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:17:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:17:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:18:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:18:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:18:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:19:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:19:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:19:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:20:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:20:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:20:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:20:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:20:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:21:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:21:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:21:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:21:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:22:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:22:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:22:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:22:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:23:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:23:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:23:57 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:24:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:24:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:24:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:25:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:26:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:26:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:26:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:27:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:27:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:28:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:28:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:29:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:29:44 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:30:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:30:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:30:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:31:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:31:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:31:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:32:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:34:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:34:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:35:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:36:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:36:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:36:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:36:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:37:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:37:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:37:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:37:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:38:52 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:39:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:39:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:39:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:39:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:39:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:40:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:40:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:41:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:42:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:42:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:43:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:43:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:44:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:44:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:45:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:46:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:46:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:47:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:47:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:48:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:48:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:48:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:49:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:49:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:49:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:50:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:50:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:51:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:52:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:52:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:53:34 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:54:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:54:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:55:34 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:57:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:58:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 06:59:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:00:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:01:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:02:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:03:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:04:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:04:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:05:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:06:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:06:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:07:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:08:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:08:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:09:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:10:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:11:34 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:12:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:13:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:14:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:15:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:15:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:16:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:16:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:17:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:18:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:19:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:20:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:21:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:21:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:22:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:23:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:24:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:25:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:26:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:27:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:27:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:28:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:29:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:29:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:30:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:31:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:32:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:32:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:33:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:33:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:34:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:34:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:34:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:35:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:35:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:35:52 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:36:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:36:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:37:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:37:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:37:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:38:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:38:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:38:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:39:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:39:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:39:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:39:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:39:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:40:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:40:57 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:41:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:42:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:42:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:43:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:44:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:45:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:46:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:47:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:47:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:47:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:48:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:48:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:48:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:48:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:49:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:49:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:49:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:49:52 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:50:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:51:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:52:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:53:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:54:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:55:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:56:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:57:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:57:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:58:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:58:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:58:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:59:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:59:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:59:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 07:59:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:00:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:00:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:00:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:01:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:01:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:02:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:02:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:02:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:02:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:03:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:03:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:03:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:03:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:04:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:04:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:04:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:05:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:05:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:05:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:06:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:06:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:07:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:07:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:08:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:09:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:09:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:09:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:10:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:10:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:11:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:12:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:13:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:14:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:14:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:15:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:15:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:15:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:16:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:16:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:17:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:17:33 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:17:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:17:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:18:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:18:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:18:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:18:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:18:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:19:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:19:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:19:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:20:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:20:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:20:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:21:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:21:30 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:21:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:22:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:22:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:22:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:22:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:23:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:23:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:24:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:24:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:24:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:25:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:25:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:25:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:25:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:26:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:26:15 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:26:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:26:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:27:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:27:15 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:27:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:27:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:27:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:28:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:28:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:28:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:28:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:29:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:29:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:29:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:29:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:30:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:30:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:30:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:30:49 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:31:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:31:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:31:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:31:55 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:32:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:32:18 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:32:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:32:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:32:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:33:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:33:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:33:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:34:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:34:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:34:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:35:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:36:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:37:52 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:38:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:39:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:39:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:40:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:40:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:40:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:41:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:41:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:41:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:41:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:42:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:42:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:42:36 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:42:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:43:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:43:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:43:47 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:44:13 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:44:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:44:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:45:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:45:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:47:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:54:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:56:44 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:58:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:58:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:59:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 08:59:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:00:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:01:44 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:03:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:05:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:06:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:07:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:08:09 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:08:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:08:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:08:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:09:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:09:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:10:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:10:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:11:05 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:11:24 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:11:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:11:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:12:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:13:19 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:13:57 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:14:20 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:14:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:15:04 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:15:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:15:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:16:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:16:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:16:57 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:17:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:23:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:24:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:25:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:26:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:26:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:26:48 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:27:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:27:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:27:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:28:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:28:38 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:29:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:29:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:29:50 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:30:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:30:29 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:30:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:31:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:31:39 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:34:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:34:51 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:35:06 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:35:16 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:36:08 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:36:56 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:37:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 09:58:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 10:02:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 12:16:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 12:34:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 13:29:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 13:52:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 14:32:00 0.2 0
2014-08-31 14:38:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 14:42:59 0.2 0
2014-08-31 14:50:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 15:05:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 15:25:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 15:49:25 0.2 0
2014-08-31 16:10:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 17:26:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:24:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:31:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:39:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:41:31 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:44:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:48:17 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:50:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:52:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 18:55:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:00:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:04:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:07:12 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:10:45 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:13:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:19:03 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:25:23 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:34:27 0.2 0
2014-08-31 19:44:11 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:00:15 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:01:15 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:01:40 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:01:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:02:07 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:02:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:02:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:03:42 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:04:22 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:04:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:05:28 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:06:02 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:08:01 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:11:21 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:13:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:14:53 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:16:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:18:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:20:26 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:22:43 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:26:41 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:30:14 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:33:32 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:36:54 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:41:37 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:42:58 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:43:46 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:44:35 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:47:10 0.2 0
2014-08-31 20:56:03 0.2 0

到目前为止，这是我的代码：

library(xts)

## Import data from txt file
tip_time <- read.table("../Rainfall/Malmo_regndata/fasta/M01_Turbinen_vippning.txt", header = TRUE, check.names=FALSE, sep = "\t", skip = 1)
tip_time$Time <- as.POSIXct(tip_time$Time) # Convert to POSIXct
tip_time = xts(tip_time[,-1], order.by=tip_time[,1]) # Convert to xts
acc_tip <- cumsum(tip_time[,1]) # Accumulated rainfall (here in mm)

## Make time series with regular time steps
step <- 5
days <- 1
n <- days*24*60/step
timesteps <- ISOdatetime(2014,08,31,0,0,0) + seq(0:(n-1))*step*60  # Make timesteps
ts <- xts(rep(NA,n), order.by=timesteps) # Make xts with timesteps and NA

## Merge data into time series with regular time steps
ts_tip <- merge(ts, na.locf(merge(ts, acc_tip)[,2]), join="inner")[,2] # Merge acc_tip with ts
ts_tip[is.na(ts_tip)] <- 0 # Make 0 of NA

## Calculate intesities from accumulated rainfall
intensity <- diff(ts_tip, lag = 1) # Calculate intensities (here in mm/5 min)
intensity[is.na(intensity)] <- 0 # Make 0 of NA

plot(intensity, main="rainfall intensity [mm/5 min]")

在10.00至18.00之间，降雨强度大多低于0.2毫米。这意味着我们需要平滑时间序列。如果有一个或多个没有任何尖端的时间步长，每0.2毫米的降雨量应在之前的时间步长之间均匀分布，因为我们假设在这些时间步骤中雨水均匀下降。如何在R中实现这一目标？如果有人对如何解决这个问题有个好主意，我将不胜感激。

这是Winther等人的教科书Afløbsteknik的一个小例子。（2011年，Polyteknisk forlag，Lyngby）。它显示了所需的结果（tip_corrected）。请注意，第一个注册的尖端保持不变，而平滑在降雨期间发生。降雨事件之间没有平滑。人们可以假设两次降雨事件之间应该有2个小时，以使它们成为个别的降雨事件。

tip<-c(1,rep(0,9),2,1,2,0,0,1,rep(0,14),1)
tip_corrected<-c(1,rep(0.1,9),1.1,1,2,0.333,0.333,0.333,rep(0.0667,15))

windows()
plot(tip, pch = 1)
points(tip_corrected, pch = 4)
legend(23,2, legend = c("tip", "tip_corrected"), pch = c(1,4))

Answer 1

如果我理解你要做的事情，而不是为approx进行合并，你可以使用rule=1:2函数和合适的规则在规则间隔时间内线性插值累积降雨量。 acc_tip在第一次降雨之前留下系列中的NA，并使用最后acc_tip值填充过去## Merge data into time series with regular time steps # ts_tip <- merge(ts, na.locf(merge(ts, acc_tip)[,2]), join="inner")[,2] # Merge acc_tip with ts # ts_tip[is.na(ts_tip)] <- 0 # Make 0 of NA # # interpolation of cumulative rainfall at equi-spaced times using approx function ts_tip <- xts(approx(index(acc_tip), acc_tip, rule=1:2, xout=index(ts))$y, order.by=index(ts)) ts_tip[is.na(ts_tip)] <- 0 # changes NA's at start of series to 0's时间后的值，如下所示。你的代码的其余部分和以前一样。

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Answer 2

这可能不是最优雅的方式，我很乐意看到更好的解决方案，但以下情况应该有效：

library(xts)
library(plyr)

## Import data from txt file
## I copied your data dump to dat.txt and added "Date" as first column name. (I import 4 columns and merge "Date" and "Time" afterwards.)
tip_time <- read.table("dat.txt", header = TRUE,
                       sep = " ", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
tip_time$Time <- paste(tip_time$Date, tip_time$Time)
tip_time[,"Date"] <- NULL
tip_time$Time <- as.POSIXct(tip_time$Time) # Convert to POSIXct
colnames(tip_time) <- c("Time", "bucket", "Flag")

## Make "time series" with regular time steps.
regularSteps <- data.frame(
  Time =
    seq(from = trunc(tip_time[1, 1], "day"),
        to = trunc(tail(tip_time[, 1], n = 1), "day") + 60*60*24 - 1,
        by = 1))

tip_regular <- merge(regularSteps, tip_time, by = "Time", all = TRUE)
tip_regular[is.na(tip_regular)] <- 0

## To aggregate, create groups of 5 minutes.
tip_regular$group <- floor(as.numeric(tip_regular$Time) / (5*60))

res <- ddply(.data = tip_regular, .variables = "group", .fun = function(x) {
  return(data.frame(Time = tail(x$Time, n = 1), buckets = sum(x$bucket)))
})[, -1]

# To check the result afterwards:
res$original <- res$buckets

# Smoothing:
bucketsize <- 0.2

while(any(res$buckets == 0)) { # Do the following as long as there are empty buckets (or until all empty buckets are at the end of the data set.)

  # These 3 lines could probably be simplified:
  firstEmpty <- which(res$buckets == 0)[1]
  allFull <- which(res$buckets != 0)
  firstFullAfterEmpty <- allFull[allFull > firstEmpty][1]

  if(is.na(firstFullAfterEmpty)) break

  # Take one bucket out, this bucket will be redistributed:
  res[firstFullAfterEmpty, "buckets"] <- res[firstFullAfterEmpty, "buckets"] - bucketsize

  toFill <- firstFullAfterEmpty - firstEmpty + 1 # # Number of buckets to fill
  res[firstEmpty:firstFullAfterEmpty, "buckets"] <-  bucketsize / toFill # equally redistribute the water
}

tip_ts <- xts(x = res$buckets, order.by = res$Time)
plot(tip_ts, main="rainfall intensity [mm/5 min]")

Answer 3

我使用您提供的小型教科书示例，其中tip包含原始数据，tip_corrected包含所需数据（小数点后3位）。

首先，找一系列降雨活动

r<-rle(as.numeric(tip>0))

分配到零的运行

ind<-r$values==0 
r$values[ind]<-1/(1+r$length[ind])
r$values[!ind]<-0
tip2<-tip+inverse.rle(r)

借用

提示的地点

idx<-cumsum(r$lengths)[which(ind)]+1 
tip2[idx] <- tip2[idx]-1+tip2[idx-1]

测试

all.equal(round(tip2,3),round(tip_corrected,3))
#> TRUE

您需要将第一个或最后一个条目的边缘情况作为0处理，以适合您的目的。为了分配零运行的长度，截止也似乎是合适的，因为它不会一直下雨。

翻斗的降雨强度

3 个答案: