我正在通过目录进行递归遍历来更改文件。我的更改文件功能需要文件的完整路径才能执行操作。但是,我的程序现在正在做的只是获取当前文件或文件夹的名称,而不是完整路径。
我的方法是,我会创建一个字符串并继续为其添加名称,直到我获得完整路径。但是,因为我正在进行递归,所以我遇到麻烦传递字符串以附加更多字符串。
这是我的代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
void recursiveWalk(const char *pathName, char *fullPath, int level) {
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *entry;
if (!(dir = opendir(pathName))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open directory\n");
return;
}
if (!(entry = readdir(dir))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not read directory\n");
return;
}
do {
if (entry->d_type == DT_DIR) { // found subdirectory
char path[1024];
int len = snprintf(path, sizeof(path)-1, "%s/%s", pathName, entry->d_name); // get depth
path[len] = 0;
// skip hidden paths
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
fprintf(stdout, "%*s[%s]\n", level*2, "", entry->d_name);
// Append fullPath to entry->d_name here
recursiveWalk(path, fullPath, level + 1);
}
else { // files
fprintf(stdout, "%*s- %s\n", level*2, "", entry->d_name);
//changeFile(fullPath);
}
} while (entry = readdir(dir));
closedir(dir);
}
int main(int argn, char *argv[]) {
int level = 0;
recursiveWalk(".", "", level);
return 0;
}
答案 0 :(得分:1)
递归是表达事物(特别是步行目录)的简洁方式,但实际上你通常应该在实践中避免使用它。如果目录树足够深,它将使您的软件崩溃。
使用队列消除了递归的需要,并且通常是一种有效的遍历方式。
我在project ...
中包含了用于处理目录树的代码static int on_dir(const char* const dir, struct duplicate** dp) {
bool r = opts.recurse;
DIR* d = opendir(dir);
if (!d)
return - 1;
struct dirent* de;
while ((de = readdir(d))) {
struct stat s;
size_t bs = strlen(dir) + strlen(de->d_name) + 2;
char b[bs];
const char* const a = strjoin(b, dir, de->d_name, '/');
if (lstat(a, &s)) {
print_error("unable to stat %s", d);
continue;
}
if (S_ISREG(s.st_mode))
if (on_file(a, &s, dp))
print_error("unable to process file %s/%s", dir, de->d_name);
}
if (!r) {
if (closedir(d))
on_fatal("unable to close directory %s", dir);
return 0;
}
rewinddir(d);
while ((de = readdir(d))) {
struct stat ds;
size_t bs = strlen(dir) + strlen(de->d_name) + 2;
char b[bs];
const char* const d = strjoin(b, dir, de->d_name, '/');
if (lstat(d, &ds)) {
print_error("unable to stat %s", d);
continue;
}
if (S_ISDIR(ds.st_mode)) {
const char* const dot = ".";
const char* const dotdot = "..";
if (!strcmp(dot, de->d_name) || !strcmp(dotdot, de->d_name))
continue;
struct path* p = path_create(strcpy(fmalloc(bs), d));
queue_add(&paths, &p->queue);
}
}
if (closedir(d))
print_error("unable to close directory %s", dir);
return 0;
}
以及strjoin
static inline char* strjoin(char* restrict const d, const char* restrict const a, const char* restrict const b, const char c) {
size_t na = strlen(a);
size_t nb = strlen(b);
memcpy(d, a, na);
d[na] = c;
memcpy(d + na + 1, b, nb);
d[na + nb + 1] = '\0';
return d;
}
我希望这会有所帮助。请随意使用您在git存储库中找到的任何代码。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您的代码中存在许多小问题。
fullPath
recursiveWalk
level*2
来限制从空字符串打印的字符数path[len] = 0
snprintf
之后添加snprintf
pathName
保证缓冲区为空终止但除此之外,您正确地将路径传递给分析的目录附加到初始调用中传递的路径,但是在path
变量中,并计算为fullPath
。
因此,您的代码的可能修复方法是:
recursiveWalk
path
参数
path[len] = '\0'
并在文件分支while (entry = readdir(dir));
while ((entry = readdir(dir)));
替换#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <regex.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
void recursiveWalk(const char *pathName, int level) {
DIR *dir;
struct dirent *entry;
if (!(dir = opendir(pathName))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not open directory\n");
return;
}
if (!(entry = readdir(dir))) {
fprintf(stderr, "Could not read directory\n");
return;
}
do {
char path[1024];
int len = snprintf(path, sizeof(path)-1, "%s/%s", pathName, entry->d_name); // get depth
// path[len] = 0;
if (entry->d_type == DT_DIR) { // found subdirectory
// skip hidden paths
if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) {
continue;
}
fprintf(stdout, "%s [%s] (%d)\n", pathName, entry->d_name, level);
// Append fullPath to entry->d_name here
recursiveWalk(path, level + 1);
}
else { // files
fprintf(stdout, "%s (%d)\n", path, level);
//changeFile(fullPath);
}
} while ((entry = readdir(dir)));
closedir(dir);
}
int main(int argn, char *argv[]) {
int level = 0;
recursiveWalk(".", level);
return 0;
}
以明确告诉编译器我想设置条目然后测试其值 - 并删除警告可能的代码:
{{1}}