我已将HAProxy和Nginx配置到Virtualbox VM中运行systemd的Debian 8上。
问题是由于端口冲突，Nginx安装失败。 HAProxy首先安装并在端口80上运行，这是Nginx默认尝试启动的端口。
# apt-get install -y nginx-full
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
geoip-database libgeoip1 libxslt1.1 nginx-common
Suggested packages:
geoip-bin fcgiwrap nginx-doc ssl-cert
The following NEW packages will be installed:
geoip-database libgeoip1 libxslt1.1 nginx-common nginx-full
0 upgraded, 5 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/2,418 kB of archives.
After this operation, 7,362 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package libgeoip1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 55783 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libgeoip1_1.6.2-4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgeoip1:amd64 (1.6.2-4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libxslt1.1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libxslt1.1_1.1.28-2+b2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libxslt1.1:amd64 (1.1.28-2+b2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package geoip-database.
Preparing to unpack .../geoip-database_20150317-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking geoip-database (20150317-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx-common.
Preparing to unpack .../nginx-common_1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking nginx-common (1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nginx-full.
Preparing to unpack .../nginx-full_1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nginx-full (1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (215-17+deb8u1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Setting up libgeoip1:amd64 (1.6.2-4) ...
Setting up libxslt1.1:amd64 (1.1.28-2+b2) ...
Setting up geoip-database (20150317-1) ...
Setting up nginx-common (1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2) ...
Setting up nginx-full (1.8.0-1~dotdeb+8.2) ...
Job for nginx.service failed. See 'systemctl status nginx.service' and 'journalctl -xn' for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript nginx, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing package nginx-full (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (215-17+deb8u1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
nginx-full
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
#
#
# systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Thu 2015-07-09 12:02:23 UTC; 10s ago
Jul 09 12:02:23 web1.dev nginx[2904]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to 0.0.0.0:80, backlog 511 failed (98: ... use)
Jul 09 12:02:23 web1.dev nginx[2904]: nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed
Jul 09 12:02:23 web1.dev systemd[1]: nginx.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Jul 09 12:02:23 web1.dev systemd[1]: Failed to start A high performance web server and a reverse prox...rver.
Jul 09 12:02:23 web1.dev systemd[1]: Unit nginx.service entered failed state.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
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我尝试了以下操作来安装nginx而不启动服务：
我尝试创建/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d文件，但没有用。 https://serverfault.com/questions/567474/how-can-i-install-packages-without-starting-their-associated-services https://major.io/2014/06/26/install-debian-packages-without-starting-daemons/和https://serverfault.com/questions/681588/prevent-apache-from-starting-after-apt-get-install
我尝试了root / fake，但是我更喜欢更优雅的东西。 https://askubuntu.com/questions/74061/install-packages-without-starting-background-processes-and-services
如何在没有自动启动服务的情况下使用systemd在Debian 8上安装nginx（或任何软件包）？
答案 0 :(得分：0)
Ansible中有yum模块：
<强> http://docs.ansible.com/yum_module.html
例如，要安装最新版本的Apache：
yum：name = httpd state = latest
答案 1 :(得分：0)
即使在安装软件包之前，您始终可以屏蔽服务以防止它们启动。对于nginx，它将是：
systemctl mask nginx.service
撤消上述操作并删除/etc/systemd/system/下的相应符号链接：
systemctl unmask nginx.service