我正在为一个网站提供一个模块，该网站将收集用户的信息并进行适当的计算。客户希望加密从用户收集的任何数据。我们使用SQL express 2005作为数据库。
提前致谢。
答案 0 :(得分：6)
SQL Server已经为列提供了strong encryption，为什么不使用它呢？
答案 1 :(得分：1)
使用Transparent Database Encryption因为顾名思义，对于应用程序是透明的，并且绝对需要0次更改。您只需使用一键转弯启用加密：ALTER DATABASE ... SET ENCRYPTION ON;。密钥管理是您可以获得的最简单的密钥管理，并且数据库可以防止意外丢失媒体。加密会延续到所有备份，因此意外丢失备份文件也会保护内容。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
虽然数据库中的加密很好（并且需要保护备份和硬盘免受物理攻击或操作系统的攻击），但由于您的应用程序必须收集数据并将其发送到数据库，因此您需要至少考虑你的应用程序的几个方面：
使用SSL保护网络浏览器中的数据到您的网站（几乎肯定是必要的）
Encrypt your connections from the application to the database（如果您在同一个盒子上运行或者您的服务器的通信相对受控，则可能没有必要）
确保您的应用程序不易受到暴露数据的影响 - 无论是通过设计还是实现缺陷或注入攻击。
请记住，如果您的应用程序需要向客户端显示数据，那么数据库将在某个时刻将其返回给应用程序，然后再返回给用户。如果应用程序被破坏，那么数据可能会泄漏，无论数据是在存储中以及从浏览器到应用程序和应用程序到数据库的渠道中加密的。
在数据库列中自己加密数据几乎总是没有意义，因为您的应用程序必须先解密数据才能使用它 - 数据库可以做很少的事情。然后你的应用需要进行某种密钥管理。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
有一些RijndaelManaged善良。我在VB中，但底部的参考链接在C＃
Imports System
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography
Namespace Security
Public Class Encryption
Public Shared Function Encrypt(ByVal plainText As String, _
ByVal passPhrase As String, _
ByVal saltValue As String, _
ByVal hashAlgorithm As String, _
ByVal passwordIterations As Integer, _
ByVal initVector As String, _
ByVal keySize As Integer) _
As String
' Convert strings into byte arrays.
' Let us assume that strings only contain ASCII codes.
' If strings include Unicode characters, use Unicode, UTF7, or UTF8
' encoding.
Dim initVectorBytes As Byte()
initVectorBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(initVector)
Dim saltValueBytes As Byte()
saltValueBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(saltValue)
' Convert our plaintext into a byte array.
' Let us assume that plaintext contains UTF8-encoded characters.
Dim plainTextBytes As Byte()
plainTextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plainText)
' First, we must create a password, from which the key will be derived.
' This password will be generated from the specified passphrase and
' salt value. The password will be created using the specified hash
' algorithm. Password creation can be done in several iterations.
Dim password As PasswordDeriveBytes
password = New PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, _
saltValueBytes, _
hashAlgorithm, _
passwordIterations)
' Use the password to generate pseudo-random bytes for the encryption
' key. Specify the size of the key in bytes (instead of bits).
Dim keyBytes As Byte()
keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keySize / 8)
' Create uninitialized Rijndael encryption object.
Dim symmetricKey As RijndaelManaged
symmetricKey = New RijndaelManaged()
' It is reasonable to set encryption mode to Cipher Block Chaining
' (CBC). Use default options for other symmetric key parameters.
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC
' Generate encryptor from the existing key bytes and initialization
' vector. Key size will be defined based on the number of the key
' bytes.
Dim encryptor As ICryptoTransform
encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(keyBytes, initVectorBytes)
' Define memory stream which will be used to hold encrypted data.
Dim memoryStream As MemoryStream
memoryStream = New MemoryStream()
' Define cryptographic stream (always use Write mode for encryption).
Dim cryptoStream As CryptoStream
cryptoStream = New CryptoStream(memoryStream, _
encryptor, _
CryptoStreamMode.Write)
' Start encrypting.
cryptoStream.Write(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length)
' Finish encrypting.
cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()
' Convert our encrypted data from a memory stream into a byte array.
Dim cipherTextBytes As Byte()
cipherTextBytes = memoryStream.ToArray()
' Close both streams.
memoryStream.Close()
cryptoStream.Close()
' Convert encrypted data into a base64-encoded string.
Dim cipherText As String
cipherText = Convert.ToBase64String(cipherTextBytes)
' Return encrypted string.
Encrypt = cipherText
End Function
' <summary>
' Decrypts specified ciphertext using Rijndael symmetric key algorithm.
' </summary>
' <param name="cipherText">
' Base64-formatted ciphertext value.
' </param>
' <param name="passPhrase">
' Passphrase from which a pseudo-random password will be derived. The
' derived password will be used to generate the encryption key.
' Passphrase can be any string. In this example we assume that this
' passphrase is an ASCII string.
' </param>
' <param name="saltValue">
' Salt value used along with passphrase to generate password. Salt can
' be any string. In this example we assume that salt is an ASCII string.
' </param>
' <param name="hashAlgorithm">
' Hash algorithm used to generate password. Allowed values are: "MD5" and
' "SHA1". SHA1 hashes are a bit slower, but more secure than MD5 hashes.
' </param>
' <param name="passwordIterations">
' Number of iterations used to generate password. One or two iterations
' should be enough.
' </param>
' <param name="initVector">
' Initialization vector (or IV). This value is required to encrypt the
' first block of plaintext data. For RijndaelManaged class IV must be
' exactly 16 ASCII characters long.
' </param>
' <param name="keySize">
' Size of encryption key in bits. Allowed values are: 128, 192, and 256.
' Longer keys are more secure than shorter keys.
' </param>
' <returns>
' Decrypted string value.
' </returns>
' <remarks>
' Most of the logic in this function is similar to the Encrypt
' logic. In order for decryption to work, all parameters of this function
' - except cipherText value - must match the corresponding parameters of
' the Encrypt function which was called to generate the
' ciphertext.
' </remarks>
Public Shared Function Decrypt(ByVal cipherText As String, _
ByVal passPhrase As String, _
ByVal saltValue As String, _
ByVal hashAlgorithm As String, _
ByVal passwordIterations As Integer, _
ByVal initVector As String, _
ByVal keySize As Integer) _
As String
' Convert strings defining encryption key characteristics into byte
' arrays. Let us assume that strings only contain ASCII codes.
' If strings include Unicode characters, use Unicode, UTF7, or UTF8
' encoding.
Dim initVectorBytes As Byte()
initVectorBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(initVector)
Dim saltValueBytes As Byte()
saltValueBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(saltValue)
' Convert our ciphertext into a byte array.
Dim cipherTextBytes As Byte()
cipherTextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText)
' First, we must create a password, from which the key will be
' derived. This password will be generated from the specified
' passphrase and salt value. The password will be created using
' the specified hash algorithm. Password creation can be done in
' several iterations.
Dim password As PasswordDeriveBytes
password = New PasswordDeriveBytes(passPhrase, _
saltValueBytes, _
hashAlgorithm, _
passwordIterations)
' Use the password to generate pseudo-random bytes for the encryption
' key. Specify the size of the key in bytes (instead of bits).
Dim keyBytes As Byte()
keyBytes = password.GetBytes(keySize / 8)
' Create uninitialized Rijndael encryption object.
Dim symmetricKey As RijndaelManaged
symmetricKey = New RijndaelManaged()
' It is reasonable to set encryption mode to Cipher Block Chaining
' (CBC). Use default options for other symmetric key parameters.
symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC
' Generate decryptor from the existing key bytes and initialization
' vector. Key size will be defined based on the number of the key
' bytes.
Dim decryptor As ICryptoTransform
decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(keyBytes, initVectorBytes)
' Define memory stream which will be used to hold encrypted data.
Dim memoryStream As MemoryStream
memoryStream = New MemoryStream(cipherTextBytes)
' Define memory stream which will be used to hold encrypted data.
Dim cryptoStream As CryptoStream
cryptoStream = New CryptoStream(memoryStream, _
decryptor, _
CryptoStreamMode.Read)
' Since at this point we don't know what the size of decrypted data
' will be, allocate the buffer long enough to hold ciphertext;
' plaintext is never longer than ciphertext.
Dim plainTextBytes As Byte()
ReDim plainTextBytes(cipherTextBytes.Length)
' Start decrypting.
Dim decryptedByteCount As Integer
decryptedByteCount = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, _
0, _
plainTextBytes.Length)
' Close both streams.
memoryStream.Close()
cryptoStream.Close()
' Convert decrypted data into a string.
' Let us assume that the original plaintext string was UTF8-encoded.
Dim plainText As String
plainText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plainTextBytes, _
0, _
decryptedByteCount)
' Return decrypted string.
Decrypt = plainText
End Function
End Class
End Namespace
I didn't write it，但我用它......效果很好。