Java 8为sun.misc.Unsafe
添加了三个围栏。
在阅读他们的文档后我感到困惑。
所以,我搜索了网络,发现了这个link。
根据上面的页面,我相信这些方法在实践中几乎没有增加任何内容。如果我错了,请纠正我,粗略地说,loadFence(),storeFence()和fullFence()分别对应于volatile read,lazy write和volatile write,尽管技术上这些fences比volatile变量更强。所以loadFence()是一个获取栅栏,而storeFence()是一个释放栅栏,而fullFence()是一个完整的栅栏。
但是,storeFence()的文档看起来很奇怪。
它说,
/**
* Ensures lack of reordering of stores before the fence
* with loads or stores after the fence.
*/
void storeFence();
这看起来不像发布栏。它应该如何使用?不应该是
/**
* Ensures lack of reordering of loads or stores before the fence
* with stores after the fence.
*/
void storeFence();
我认为之前意味着更早,而之后意味着更晚。
修改
当我说这些“围栏在实践中没有添加任何内容”时,我并不是说“我们不会在通常的开发中使用它们。”
我的意思是,即使没有这些方法,我们也可以获得这些“围栏”。如果我是正确的,实际上,读取一个虚拟的volatile会产生loadFence()的效果,而写一个虚拟的volatile会产生fullFence()的效果,而unsafe.putOrderedXXX()(或者AtomicInteger.lazySet())会产生效果。 storeFence()。
它们可能有细微差别,但在目前的实施中,它们是可交换的。 (链接暗示似乎)
这就是我所说的“他们没有添加任何新内容”。
另一个编辑
这已经修好了。
请参阅https://bugs.openjdk.java.net/browse/JDK-8038978
谢谢@ john-vint
答案 0 :(得分:6)
在JDK9中实际上存在差异。有人提出并澄清了类似的问题:
http://hg.openjdk.java.net/jdk9/jdk9/jdk/rev/84e19392365e
/**
! * Ensures that loads before the fence will not be reordered with loads and
! * stores after the fence; a "LoadLoad plus LoadStore barrier".
! *
! * Corresponds to C11 atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_acquire)
! * (an "acquire fence").
! *
! * A pure LoadLoad fence is not provided, since the addition of LoadStore
! * is almost always desired, and most current hardware instructions that
! * provide a LoadLoad barrier also provide a LoadStore barrier for free.
* @since 1.8
*/
public native void loadFence();
/**
! * Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be reordered with
! * stores after the fence; a "StoreStore plus LoadStore barrier".
! *
! * Corresponds to C11 atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_release)
! * (a "release fence").
! *
! * A pure StoreStore fence is not provided, since the addition of LoadStore
! * is almost always desired, and most current hardware instructions that
! * provide a StoreStore barrier also provide a LoadStore barrier for free.
* @since 1.8
*/
public native void storeFence();
/**
! * Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be reordered
! * with loads and stores after the fence. Implies the effects of both
! * loadFence() and storeFence(), and in addition, the effect of a StoreLoad
! * barrier.
! *
! * Corresponds to C11 atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_seq_cst).
* @since 1.8
*/
public native void fullFence();
答案 1 :(得分:0)
我相信这些方法在实践中几乎没有增加任何东西。
正确,他们不会在99.9%的应用程序中添加任何内容。只有在特定情况下才需要直接调用此方法,而不是使用更高级别的构造。
分别是volatile read,lazy write和volatile write,
我将其读作"易失性读取,易失性写入,易失性写入和读取"它似乎不是一个懒惰/有序的写入围栏。
loadFence()是一个获取栅栏,而storeFence()是一个释放栅栏,
我不相信这些转化为获取/释放语义。他们比这更基本。例如,这些方法没有状态变化。获取/释放需要原子操作,例如compareAndSet,这是另一种不安全的方法。