我正在编写一个赋值,它在构造带有指针的类时要求编写Big 3的函数实现。我似乎遇到了复制构造函数的问题。我想我正在做另外两个。
class RealBox
{
private:
float* m_reals; // Array of Real Numbers
int m_boxsize; // number of Real Numbers in this box
public:
// Purpose: Constructs an Real-Box
// Preconditions:
// 's' is greater than 0;
// Postconditions:
// m_reals points to a dynamically allocated array of size 's'
// all elements of m_reals[] are initiallized to 'a'.
RealBox(int s, float a);
/*
* --------- Big 3 Member Functions -----------
*/
// Purpose: Destructor
// Postconditions: m_reals[] deallocated
~RealBox();
// Purpose: Operator=, performs a deep copy of 'rhs' into 'this' RealBox
// Parameters: rhs, RealBox to be copied
// Returns: *this
// Postconditions: *this == rhs
const RealBox& operator=(const RealBox& rhs);
// Purpose: Copy Constructor
// Parameters: rhs - RealBox to be copied
// Postconditions: *this == rhs
RealBox(const RealBox& rhs);
/*
* ----- Simple Accessor Operations -----
*/
// Purpose: Sets a value in the RealBox
// Parameters: 'i' location to set
// 'x' value to store
// PreConditions: 'i' is between the boundaries of the RealBox
// Postconditions: element 'i' in the RealBox is set to 'x'
void set( int i, float x);
/*
* ----- Complex Accessor Operations -----
*/
// Purpose: prints the RealBox
friend std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& out,
const RealBox& box);
}; // RealBox
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#include "realbox.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
RealBox::RealBox(int s, float a)
{
m_reals = new float[s];
for (int i=0; i < s; i++)
{
m_reals[i] = a;
}
}
RealBox::~RealBox()
{
delete [] m_reals;
m_reals = NULL;
}
const RealBox& RealBox::operator =(const RealBox& rhs)
{
if(this != &rhs)
*this = rhs;
return(*this);
}
RealBox::RealBox(const RealBox& rhs)
{
m_reals = new float[m_boxsize];
*this = rhs.m_reals;
}
void RealBox::set(int i, float x)
{
m_reals[i] = x;
}
std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& out, const RealBox& box)
{
out <<"[ ";
for (int i = 0; i < box.m_boxsize; i++)
{
out << box.m_reals[i] << ", ";
}
out <<"]"<< endl;
return(out);
}
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当我尝试编译时,我收到错误:
realbox.cpp:在复制构造函数'RealBox :: RealBox(const RealBox&amp;)'中: realbox.cpp:33:8:错误:'operator ='不匹配(操作数类型是'RealBox'和'float * const')
* this = rhs.m_reals; ^ realbox.cpp:33:8:注意:候选人是:
realbox.cpp:23:16:注意:const RealBox&amp; RealBox :: operator =(const RealBox&amp;) const RealBox&amp; RealBox :: operator =(const RealBox&amp; rhs) ^ realbox.cpp:23:16:注意:参数1从'float * const'到'const RealBox&amp;'没有已知的转换
我认为我的操作员=过载也是错误的,但我不确定到底出了什么问题。在我开始尝试修复之前,它没有给我这个错误。它试图说我比较了两种不同的数据类型,但我不确定这是怎么回事。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
这一行:
*this = rhs.m_reals;
尝试将float*
分配给RealBox
个对象。这两种类型是不兼容的。
其次,在构造对象时未能初始化m_boxsize
。
你想要做的是:
RealBox::RealBox(const RealBox& rhs)
{
m_boxsize = rhs.boxsize;
m_reals = new float[m_boxsize];
for (int i = 0; i < m_boxsize; ++i )
m_reals[i] = rhs.m_reals[i];
}
这可以缩短为:
RealBox::RealBox(const RealBox& rhs) : m_boxsize(rhs.m_boxsize),
m_reals(new float[rhs.m_boxsize])
{
std::copy(rhs.m_boxsize, rhs.m_boxsize + m_boxsize, m_reals);
}
此外,您的其他构造函数需要初始化m_boxsize
变量:
RealBox::RealBox(int s, float a) : m_boxsize(s)
{
m_reals = new float[s];
for (int i=0; i < s; i++)
m_reals[i] = a;
}
这也可以缩短为:
RealBox::RealBox(int s, float a) : m_boxsize(s), m_reals(new float[s])
{
std::fill( m_reals, m_reals + s, a);
}
std::fill
和std::copy
在<algorithm>
标题中定义。
修复此问题后,赋值运算符非常简单:
#include <algorithm>
//...
RealBox& RealBox::operator =(RealBox rhs)
{
std::swap(rhs.m_reals, m_reals);
std::swap(rhs.m_boxsize, m_boxsize);
return *this;
}
使用复制/交换习惯用法使这一切成为可能。简单就可以了。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
抱歉简短回答......
首先添加一个成员来保存表结构中的表大小
RealBox::RealBox(int s, float a)
{
m_reals = new float[s];
for (int i=0; i < s; i++)
{
m_reals[i] = a;
}
m_realCount = s;
}
然后替换:
RealBox::RealBox(const RealBox& rhs)
{
m_reals = new float[m_boxsize];
*this = rhs.m_reals; // << this is a big mistake
}
by:
RealBox::RealBox(const RealBox& rhs)
{
this->m_reals = new float[rhs.m_realCount];
memcpy(this->m_reals,rhs.m_reals,rhs.m_realCount*sizeof(float));
this->m_realCount = rhs.m_realCount;
}
您可能需要包含stdlib.h