Question

我正在学习TDD并尝试使用shoulda_matchers来帮助我进行测试但是我得到了一个非常奇怪的错误。这是我的测试：

规格/模型/ idea_spec.rb

require 'rails_helper'

describe Idea do

  context 'Validations' do
    describe 'title' do
       it { should validate_presence_of(:title) }
    end
  end
end

测试中的错误说：

Idea Validations title 
 Failure/Error: it { should validate_presence_of(:title) }
 NoMethodError:
   undefined method `validate_presence_of' for #<RSpec::ExampleGroups::Idea_3::Validations::Title:0x007f056f9fcdf8>
 # ./spec/models/idea_spec.rb:7:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

要求＆＃39; shoulda / matchers＆＃39;根据gem指令，它位于我的rails_helper文件的顶部。

宝石我正在使用：

group :development, :test do
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'dotenv-rails'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 3.0'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails'
end

group :test do
  gem 'webmock', '~> 1.20.4'
  gem 'shoulda-matchers', require: false
end

ruby＆＃39; 2.1.2＆＃39;
rails＆＃39;，＆＃39; 4.1.9＆＃39;

Answer 1

Shoulda-Matchers不再自动将其自身安装到您的测试框架中。您需要将其添加到rails_helper：

Shoulda::Matchers.configure do |config|
  config.integrate do |with|
    with.test_framework :rspec
    with.library :rails
  end
end

请参阅this GitHub issue，阅读note on shoulda-matchers configuration，然后阅读blog post by maintainers。

Answer 2

Gemfile中的require: false表示在运行测试时未加载匹配器。在rails_helper.rb中，您需要在顶部添加行require 'shoulda/matchers'。

Answer 3

如果平台出于某种原因要求您将shoulda-matchers依赖项设置为可选，那么您必须在每次编写的测试的顶部添加require 'shoulda/matchers'。

如果没有授权，请选择从Gemspec中删除require: false。

Answer 4

我遇到了同样的问题并使用以下提示进行修复：

：
```
require 'rails_helper'
```

/ rails_helper

require 'rspec/rails'
require 'shoulda/matchers'

仍在/ rails_helpers中，请勿添加：

Shoulda::Matchers.configure do |config|
  config.integrate do |with|
    with.test_framework :rspec
    with.library :rails
  end
end

/ Gemfile中

 group :development, :test do
   gem 'shoulda-matchers', '~> 2.5.0', require: false

不要求spec_helper中的gem

我的版本不同（Rails 4.2.3和Ruby 2.3.0），但你仍然可以测试并尝试适应

Answer 5

spec_helper.rb

  config.include(Shoulda::Matchers::ActiveRecord, type: :model)

rails_helper.rb

Shoulda::Matchers.configure do |config|
  config.integrate do |with|
    with.test_framework :rspec
    with.library :rails
  end
end

Answer 6

按照最新更新后的内容：http://matchers.shoulda.io/docs/v3.1.1/

在你的Gemfile中

group :test do
  gem 'shoulda-matchers', '~> 3.0' 
end

并在rails_helpers.rb的末尾

Shoulda::Matchers.configure do |config|
  config.integrate do |with|
    # Choose a test framework:
    #with.test_framework :minitest
    #with.test_framework :minitest_4
    #with.test_framework :test_unit
    with.test_framework :rspec

    # Choose one or more libraries:
    with.library :active_record
    with.library :active_model
    with.library :action_controller
    # Or, choose the following (which implies all of the above):
    with.library :rails
  end
end

Answer 7

后：

context 'Validations' do

添加

before { FactoryGirl.build(:idea) }

Shoulda_matches错误：未定义的方法`validate_presence_of'用于＃<rspec :: examplegroups :: idea_3 :: validations :: title：0x007f3f88fa7548> </rspec :: examplegroups :: idea_3 :: validations :: title：0x007f3f88fa7548>

7 个答案: