我为类分配构建汇编程序。我的程序所做的是读取文件而不是吐出机器代码,(在删除注释等之后......但这一切都有效)。
我要做的就是在所有这些之上构建一个异常处理程序,以便它能够捕获坏代码引发的异常,并且我可以通过打印出坏代码所在的行来处理它们#&# 39;很容易调试坏代码。
我的问题是我无法弄清楚如何访问被捕获的异常实例。我找到的所有内容似乎特别为我提供了异常的类对象。
现在我收到这样的错误:
AttributeError: 'UnknownCommandException' object has no attribute 'line'
这是我现在处理例外的顶级程序:
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from assembler import readCodeFromFile
from exceptions import UndeclaredLabelException
from exceptions import UnknownCommandException
from exceptions import RegisterNotFoundException
def main():
readFileStr = tk.filedialog.askopenfilename()
wrtFile = readFileStr.replace(".txt","") + "ASSEMBLY.txt"
try:
readCodeFromFile(readFileStr, wrtFile, base="*")
except UndeclaredLabelException as e:
print("undeclared label '{}' near line {}".format(e.label, e.line))
print(e)
except UnknownCommandException as e:
print("unknown command '{}' near line {}".format(e.inst, e.line))
print(e)
except RegisterNotFoundException as e:
print("unknown reg '{}' near line {}".format(e.reg, e.line))
print(e)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
我也使用了sys.exc_info()
,这对我来说也不起作用。
定义例外的代码。
class RegisterNotFoundException(Exception):
"""this exception is thrown when a string does not match any of the known registers for this language."""
def __init__ (self, reg, line):
self.reg = reg
self.line = line
class UnknownCommandException(Exception):
"""this exception is thrown when a nonexistant command is used."""
def __init__(self, inst, line):
self.inst = inst
self.lineNumber = line
class UndeclaredLabelException(Exception):
"""this exception is thrown when a label is used but has not been declared."""
def __init__(self, label, line):
self.badLabel = label
self.lineNumber = line
def __repr__ (self):
return "bad label: '" + self.badLabel + "'"
我发现这段代码处理我的RegisterNotFoundException
很好,但不是其他两个,这让我比以前更加困惑。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
您使用的是不一致的属性名称。你正在处理你的例外情况,你只需要混淆名称。
您的两个例外使用lineNumber
作为属性:
class UnknownCommandException(Exception):
"""this exception is thrown when a nonexistant command is used."""
def __init__(self, inst, line):
self.inst = inst
self.lineNumber = line
# ^^^^^^^^^^
class UndeclaredLabelException(Exception):
"""this exception is thrown when a label is used but has not been declared."""
def __init__(self, label, line):
self.badLabel = label
self.lineNumber = line
# ^^^^^^^^^^
但您的异常处理程序正在尝试访问line
属性:
except UndeclaredLabelException as e:
print("undeclared label '{}' near line {}".format(e.label, e.line))
# ^^^^
print(e)
except UnknownCommandException as e:
print("unknown command '{}' near line {}".format(e.inst, e.line))
# ^^^^
print(e)
另请注意UndeclaredLabelException.badLabel
与e.label
属性。
重命名该类的属性,或访问异常处理程序中的正确属性。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
在UnknownCommandException
和UndeclaredLableException
类初始值设定项中,代码将line
参数分配给名为lineNumber
的属性。如果您不能(或不想)更改异常,则需要在异常处理代码中查找该属性:
except UndeclaredLabelException as e:
print("undeclared label '{}' near line {}".format(e.label, e.lineNumber))
print(e)
except UnknownCommandException as e:
print("unknown command '{}' near line {}".format(e.inst, e.lineNumber))
print(e)
RegisterNotFoundException
确实使用line
作为属性名称,因此您现有的代码应该适用于已有的代码。