我在Ruby on Rails应用程序中使用ActionMailer来阅读电子邮件(ruby 1.9.3,rails 3.2.13)。 我有一封附有winmail.dat文件的电子邮件(ms-tnef),我正在使用tnef gem来提取其内容。
问题是,当我从邮件中读取附件时,它会被破坏,并且tnef无法从中提取文件。
$ tnef winmail.dat
ERROR: invalid checksum, input file may be corrupted
使用任何邮件应用程序提取winmail.dat附件,提取的winmail.dat可以正常使用tnef,我得到了它的内容。
比较我注意到的两个文件: - 原始文件更大(76k对72k) - 它们在换行符上有所不同:原始文件具有Windows格式(0D 0A),rails保存的文件具有linux格式(0A)
我写了这个测试:
it 'should extract winmail.dat from email and extract its contents' do
file_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/files/winmail-dat-001.eml"
message = Mail::Message.new(File.read(file_path))
anexo = message.attachments[0]
files = []
Tnef.unpack(anexo) do |file|
files << File.basename(file)
end
puts files.inspect
files.size.should == 2
end
这些消息失败了:
WARNING: invalid checksum, input file may be corrupted
Invalid RTF CRC, input file may be corrupted
WARNING: invalid checksum, input file may be corrupted
Assertion failed: ((attr->lvl_type == LVL_MESSAGE) || (attr->lvl_type == LVL_ATTACHMENT)), function attr_read, file attr.c, line 240.
Errno::EPIPE: Broken pipe
anexo = message.attachments[0]
=> #<Mail::Part:2159872060, Multipart: false, Headers: <Content-Type: application/ms-tnef; name="winmail.dat">, <Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable>, <Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="winmail.dat">>
我试图将它保存到磁盘上,然后再次阅读,但我得到了相同的结果
it 'should extract winmail.dat from email and extract its contents' do
file_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/files/winmail-dat-001.eml"
message = Mail::Message.new(File.read(file_path))
anexo = message.attachments[0]
tmpfile_name = "#{::Rails.root}/tmp/#{anexo.filename}"
File.open(tmpfile_name, 'w+b', 0644) { |f| f.write anexo.body.decoded }
anexo = File.open(tmpfile_name)
files = []
Tnef.unpack(anexo) do |file|
files << File.basename(file)
end
puts files.inspect
files.size.should == 2
end
我该如何阅读附件?
答案 0 :(得分:1)
方法 anexo.body.decoded 调用附件的最适合编码(Mail::Encodings
)的解码方法,在您的情况下 quoted_printable 。
其中一些编码( 7bit , 8bit 和 quoted_printable )执行转换,将不同类型的换行符更改为特定于平台越线。 * quoted_printable“调用.to_lf来破坏winmail.dat文件
# Decode the string from Quoted-Printable. Cope with hard line breaks
# that were incorrectly encoded as hex instead of literal CRLF.
def self.decode(str)
str.gsub(/(?:=0D=0A|=0D|=0A)\r\n/, "\r\n").unpack("M*").first.to_lf
end
邮件/ core_extensions / string.rb:
def to_lf
to_str.gsub(/\n|\r\n|\r/) { "\n" }
end
要解决此问题,您必须执行相同的编码而不使用最后一个.to_lf。 为此,您可以创建一个新的编码,该编码不会损坏您的文件并使用它来编码您的附件。
创建文件: LIB /编码/ tnef_encoding.rb
require 'mail/encodings/7bit'
module Mail
module Encodings
# Encoding to handle Microsoft TNEF format
# It's pretty similar to quoted_printable, except for the 'to_lf' (decode) and 'to_crlf' (encode)
class TnefEncoding < SevenBit
NAME='tnef'
PRIORITY = 2
def self.can_encode?(str)
EightBit.can_encode? str
end
def self.decode(str)
# **difference here** removed '.to_lf'
str.gsub(/(?:=0D=0A|=0D|=0A)\r\n/, "\r\n").unpack("M*").first
end
def self.encode(str)
# **difference here** removed '.to_crlf'
[str.to_lf].pack("M")
end
def self.cost(str)
# These bytes probably do not need encoding
c = str.count("\x9\xA\xD\x20-\x3C\x3E-\x7E")
# Everything else turns into =XX where XX is a
# two digit hex number (taking 3 bytes)
total = (str.bytesize - c)*3 + c
total.to_f/str.bytesize
end
private
Encodings.register(NAME, self)
end
end
end
要使用您的自定义编码,您必须首先注册它:
Mail::Encodings.register('tnef', Mail::Encodings::TnefEncoding)
然后,将其设置为附件的首选编码:
anexo.body.encoding('tnef')
然后,您的测试将成为:
it 'should extract winmail.dat from email and extract its contents' do
file_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/files/winmail-dat-001.eml"
message = Mail::Message.new(File.read(file_path))
anexo = message.attachments[0]
tmpfile_name = "#{::Rails.root}/tmp/#{anexo.filename}"
Mail::Encodings.register('tnef', Mail::Encodings::TnefEncoding)
anexo.body.encoding('tnef')
File.open(tmpfile_name, 'w+b', 0644) { |f| f.write anexo.body.decoded }
anexo = File.open(tmpfile_name)
files = []
Tnef.unpack(anexo) do |file|
files << File.basename(file)
end
puts files.inspect
files.size.should == 2
end
希望它有所帮助!