Question

我最近接受过SQL任务的面试，这需要使用游标，但代码必须是为doesn't have游标的SQLite编写的。那么，我该怎么解决呢？任务如下：

Exists a table which has two columns: "b" - the beginning and "e" - the end. 
Each row of this table represents 1-dimentional line - column "b"
contains coordinate of the beginning, column "e" - coordinate of
the end. e.g.:
 b | e
-------
 1 | 5
 2 | 4
 3 | 7
-------
Column "e" always greater than "b" in each row. It is required to calculate 
length of covered surface on coordinate axis. For this example answer 
is 6 = ((5 - 1) + (7 - 5)).

这是我使用游标的解决方案：

DECLARE @temp_table TABLE(b int, e int);
DECLARE [cursor] CURSOR FOR SELECT b, e FROM [table]
DECLARE @b INT
DECLARE @e INT

OPEN [cursor]
FETCH NEXT FROM [cursor] INTO @b, @e
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
    IF (EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table))
        FETCH NEXT FROM [cursor] INTO @b, @e
    IF (EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table WHERE b <= @b AND e >= @e)) 
        CONTINUE;
    IF (EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table WHERE e < @b OR b > @e)
        OR NOT EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table)) 
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO @temp_table VALUES(@b, @e)
        CONTINUE
    END
    IF (EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table WHERE b <= @b AND e <= @e)) 
    BEGIN
        UPDATE @temp_table SET e = @e WHERE b <= @b AND e <= @e 
        CONTINUE;
    END
    IF (EXISTS(SELECT * FROM @temp_table WHERE b >= @b AND e >= @e)) 
    BEGIN
        UPDATE @temp_table SET b = @b WHERE b >= @b AND e >= @e     
        CONTINUE;
    END
END

CLOSE [cursor]
DEALLOCATE [cursor]

SELECT SUM(e - b) FROM @temp_table

如何为SQLite编写相同的代码？我问过我的朋友，没有人知道。我试图多次解决这个问题，但我没有成功。想到这个未解决的问题让我心烦意乱。请帮帮我！任何帮助表示赞赏。

Answer 1

SQLite是一个嵌入式数据库，即它被设计用于某些应用程序。您可以在代码中处理光标。

无论如何，你真的不需要迭代算法。

您需要忽略另一条线所涵盖的所有开始/结束坐标。假设没有两条线在同一坐标处开始/结束，可以使用简单的EXISTS来完成：

SELECT (SELECT SUM(e)
        FROM MyTable
        WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1
                          FROM MyTable AS T2
                          WHERE T2.e >= MyTable.e
                            AND T2.b <= MyTable.e
                            AND T2.rowid <> MyTable.rowid)
       ) -
       (SELECT SUM(b)
        FROM MyTable
        WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1
                          FROM MyTable AS T2
                          WHERE T2.e >= MyTable.b
                            AND T2.b <= MyTable.b
                            AND T2.rowid <> MyTable.rowid)
       )

如何在SQLite上解决基于游标的SQL任务？

1 个答案: