nmap：哪个版本的OS扫描和MAC地址开始需要root权限？

Question

我想运行nmap的操作系统识别功能，并能够获得没有sudo权限的设备的MAC地址。这个版本改变了哪些版本？

Answer 1

据我所知，始终需要拥有操作系统指纹识别和MAC地址功能的root权限。 CHANGELOG中最早提到此要求的是Nmap 4.23RC2 [2007-11-18]：

o Reworded an error message after a woman reported that it was "highly
  offensive and sexist".  She also noted that "times have changed and
  many women now use your software" and "a sexist remark like the one
  above should have no place in software."  The message was: "TCP/IP
  fingerprinting (for OS scan) requires root privileges. Sorry,
  dude.".  I checked svn blame to call out the insensitive,
  chauvinistic jerk who wrote that error message, but it was me :).

作为MAC地址部分的解决方法（这是直接从网络嗅探数据包以收集响应的副作用，需要root），您可以使用arp -an命令列出您的条目系统的ARP表，由操作系统从Nmap的活动填充。 Nmap本身不检查这一点，因为检查ARP缓存的方法不可移植。