Dart对象 - ＆gt; JSON字符串无法转换为JSON

时间：2015-01-02 08:35:24

标签： json dart

我试图将对象序列化为JSON，然后再从JSON返回到对象。

这是应该给我正确的JSON的代码片段：

 LoginRequest req = new LoginRequest();
    req.username = username;
    req.password = password;
    req.created = 123456;
    req.test = "KOTS";
    print(req.toString());

我在控制台中看到的是：

{} (:1)

在pubspec.yaml中我将json_object作为依赖项导入：

environment:
  sdk: '>=1.0.0 <2.0.0'
dependencies:
  ...
  json_object: any

我有一个扩展JsonObject的基本消息类：

import 'package:json_object/json_object.dart';

class Message extends JsonObject {

  int created = new DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch;

}

然后我有一个扩展Message的LoginRequest：

import 'Message.dart';

class LoginRequest extends Message {

  String _username;
  String _password;
  String test;

  String get username => _username;
  set username(String username) {
    _username = username.trim();  
  }

  String get password => _password;
  set password(String password) {
    _password = password.trim(); 
  }

}

我原以为只有基类会转换为Json，所以我写了另一个测试用例：

Message msg = new Message();
msg.created = 123456;
print(msg.toString());

这也是打印：

{} (:1)

调用objectToJson也是这样：

objectToJson(msg).then((jsonStr) => print(jsonStr));
objectToJson(req).then((jsonStr) => print(jsonStr));

输出：

{}
{}

删除extends JsonObject会导致上面的代码显示堆栈跟踪：

Exception: Uncaught Error: Converting object to an encodable object failed.
Stack Trace:
#0      _JsonStringifier.writeObject (dart:convert/json.dart:660)
#1      _JsonStringStringifier.printOn (dart:convert/json.dart:831)
#2      _JsonStringStringifier.stringify (dart:convert/json.dart:813)
#3      JsonEncoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:243)
#4      JsonCodec.encode (dart:convert/json.dart:141)
#5      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:47:22)
#6      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#7      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#8      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#9      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#10     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#11     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#12     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#13     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

Clicked Login (:1)
Exception: Uncaught Error: Class '_LocalClassMirror' has no instance getter 'getters'.

NoSuchMethodError: method not found: 'getters'
Receiver: Instance of '_LocalClassMirror'
Arguments: []
Stack Trace:
#0      Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:45)
#1      _serializeObject (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:127:16)
#2      objectToSerializable (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:53:21)
#3      objectToJson (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:22:23)
#4      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:43:17)
#5      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#6      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#7      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#8      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#9      BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#10     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#11     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#12     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

Clicked Login (:1)
Exception: Uncaught Error: Converting object to an encodable object failed.
Stack Trace:
#0      _JsonStringifier.writeObject (dart:convert/json.dart:660)
#1      _JsonStringStringifier.printOn (dart:convert/json.dart:831)
#2      _JsonStringStringifier.stringify (dart:convert/json.dart:813)
#3      JsonEncoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:243)
#4      JsonCodec.encode (dart:convert/json.dart:141)
#5      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:47:22)
#6      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#7      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#8      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#9      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#10     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#11     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#12     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#13     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

Clicked Login (:1)
Exception: Uncaught Error: Class '_LocalClassMirror' has no instance getter 'getters'.

NoSuchMethodError: method not found: 'getters'
Receiver: Instance of '_LocalClassMirror'
Arguments: []
Stack Trace:
#0      Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:45)
#1      _serializeObject (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:127:16)
#2      objectToSerializable (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:53:21)
#3      objectToJson (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:22:23)
#4      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:44:17)
#5      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#6      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#7      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#8      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#9      BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#10     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#11     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#12     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

导入dart：转换并使用JSON.encode也是如此：

import 'dart:convert' show JSON;

...

  print(JSON.encode(msg));
  print(JSON.encode(req));

输出：

{}
{}

如果我删除了extends JsonObject，那么它会抛出一个堆栈跟踪：

Exception: Uncaught Error: Converting object to an encodable object failed.
Stack Trace:
#0      _JsonStringifier.writeObject (dart:convert/json.dart:660)
#1      _JsonStringStringifier.printOn (dart:convert/json.dart:831)
#2      _JsonStringStringifier.stringify (dart:convert/json.dart:813)
#3      JsonEncoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:243)
#4      JsonCodec.encode (dart:convert/json.dart:141)
#5      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:47:22)
#6      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#7      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#8      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#9      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#10     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#11     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#12     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#13     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

Clicked Login (:1)
Exception: Uncaught Error: Class '_LocalClassMirror' has no instance getter 'getters'.

NoSuchMethodError: method not found: 'getters'
Receiver: Instance of '_LocalClassMirror'
Arguments: []
Stack Trace:
#0      Object.noSuchMethod (dart:core-patch/object_patch.dart:45)
#1      _serializeObject (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:127:16)
#2      objectToSerializable (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:53:21)
#3      objectToJson (package:json_object/src/mirror_based_serializer.dart:22:23)
#4      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:43:17)
#5      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#6      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#7      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#8      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#9      BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#10     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#11     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#12     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

Clicked Login (:1)
Exception: Uncaught Error: Converting object to an encodable object failed.
Stack Trace:
#0      _JsonStringifier.writeObject (dart:convert/json.dart:660)
#1      _JsonStringStringifier.printOn (dart:convert/json.dart:831)
#2      _JsonStringStringifier.stringify (dart:convert/json.dart:813)
#3      JsonEncoder.convert (dart:convert/json.dart:243)
#4      JsonCodec.encode (dart:convert/json.dart:141)
#5      login (package:falm/login-dialog.dart:47:22)
#6      Function.apply (dart:core-patch/function_patch.dart:28)
#7      GeneratedObjectAccessorService.invoke (package:smoke/static.dart:149:28)
#8      invoke (package:smoke/smoke.dart:43:41)
#9      HtmlElement&Polymer.dispatchMethod (package:polymer/src/instance.dart:1054:19)
#10     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.getEventHandler.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:82:32)
#11     _RootZone.runUnaryGuarded (dart:async/zone.dart:1093)
#12     _RootZone.bindUnaryCallback.<anonymous closure> (dart:async/zone.dart:1122)
#13     BindingDelegate&PolymerEventBindings.prepareEventBinding.<anonymous closure>.<anonymous closure> (package:polymer/src/events.dart:101:67)

JsonObject仍然是将对象序列化为JSON并将JSON反序列化为对象的正确方法吗？ （我在2013年的代码版权中看到了古老的版本）。如果是这样，我在课堂上遗漏了什么？

在dart cookbook中有一些例子，其中每个类都有自己的toJson方法，并且所有值都被手动复制到地图中，这很麻烦，如果我的整个应用程序是JSON驱动的，那么我将会是我花了大部分时间把样板写成了json / fromJson方法 - 这正是我试图摆脱的原因，因此选择飞镖的原因。

此外，我在StackOverflow上看到使用镜像的示例，然后是dart2js中完全支持镜像的注释 - 因为这是一个基于浏览器的应用程序，所以它可以编译为javascript至关重要。

更新：

根据罗伯特的回答，看来做样板是不可避免的：

Message.dart 

import 'dart:convert' show JSON;

class Message {

  int created = new DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch;

  Map toJson() { 
    Map map = new Map();
    map["created"] = this.created;
    return map;
  }  

  String toString(){
    return JSON.encode(this);
  }

}

LoginRequest.dart 

import 'Message.dart';

class LoginRequest extends Message {

  String _username;
  String _password;
  String test;

  String get username => _username;
  set username(String username) {
    _username = username.trim();  
  }

  String get password => _password;
  set password(String password) {
    _password = password.trim(); 
  }

  Map toJson() { 
    Map map = super.toJson();
    map["username"] = this.username;
    map["password"] = this.password;
    return map;
  }  

}

测试代码：

LoginRequest req = new LoginRequest();
req.username = username;
req.password = password;
req.created = 123456;
req.test = "KOTS";
print(req);
// outputs: {"created":123456,"username":"asdfasdf","password":"adfasdf"} (:1)

Message msg = new Message();
msg.created = 123456;
print(msg);
// outputs: {"created":123456} (:1)

toString我只需要在Message类上实现一次，toJson将需要继续每个类。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

我认为您的问题是您使用print(req.toString());。你有没有尝试过这样做：

objectToJson(req).then((jsonStr) => print(jsonStr));也许这会给你一个json字符串。

我个人觉得你实际上应该提供一个toJson / toObject方法，因为你可以完全控制序列化的内容以及它的序列化方式（例如排除私有字段，空值，......）。

//编辑

因为你使用extends JsonObject toString（）返回一个空地图。

//编辑

https://code.google.com/p/dart/issues/detail?id=6490看起来不太受支持。但是，无论如何你都不能使用json_object包。

异常：未捕获错误：类'_LocalClassMirror'没有实例getter'getters'。这应该是因为包需要实验镜像功能。

使用JSON.encode您无法将对象放入其中。见https://api.dartlang.org/apidocs/channels/stable/dartdoc-viewer/dart:convert.JsonCodec#id_encode：

您指定第二个参数或实施.toJson()。

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