梅森方法范围 - 覆盖

时间:2014-09-20 09:13:37

标签: perl mason

使用Mason2。有3个组件。

/Base.mc
/tmp/Base.mc
/tmp/index.mc

/tmp/index.mc,内容为:

hello from <% $m->request_path %></br>
<% $.Some %>

$.Some/Base.mc中定义的方法:

<%augment wrap><% inner() %></%augment>

<%method Some>
The default "Some" method defined in the <% __PACKAGE__ %>
</%method>

/tmp/Base.mc仅包含

<%augment wrap><% inner() %></%augment>

请求/tmp/index打印:

hello from /tmp/index
The default "Some" method defined in the MC0::Base_mc

现在将Some方法添加到/tmp/Base.mc

<%method Some>
Redefined "Some" method in <% __PACKAGE__ %>
</%method>

再次请求/tmp/index,打印:

hello from /tmp/index
Redefined "Some" method in MC0::tmp_Base_mc

它尊重已包装的Some

中重新定义的/tmp/Base.mc方法

问题是:

如果Mason允许重新定义上述方法,那么<%override method>的目的是什么? <%override Some>有什么不同之处吗? (当我测试时,它打印相同)。

编辑也许问题可以简化为以下perl代码。

use 5.014;
use warnings;

package My;
use Moose;
sub some { say "some from " . __PACKAGE__ }

package My2;
use Moose;
extends 'My';
sub some { say "another some from " . __PACKAGE__ }
#the above line is an correct way to refefine a sub "some"?
#so don;t need to use the
#override 'some' => sub { say "another some from " . __PACKAGE__ };

package main;
use My2;
my $m = My2->new();
$m->some();

在这两种情况下(例如“普通”重新定义并重新定义“覆盖”)打印:

another some from My2

那么,唯一的区别是可以使用super()调用some中的override吗?对不起,如果我错过了一些基本的知识......;(

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

Mason中的

override在Moose中实现方法修饰符override; Moose的override是用于覆盖父方法的标准OO方法的语法糖,但如果方法接受参数则有一些限制。来自Moose docs for override

override 'display_name' => sub {
    my $self = shift;
    return super() . q{, } . $self->title(); };
     

super()的呼叫与呼叫几乎相同   $self->SUPER::display_name。不同的是争论   传递给超类的方法将始终与那些方法相同   传递给方法修饰符,不能更改。所有论点   传递给super()的内容将被忽略,之前对@_所做的任何更改都将被忽略   super()被称为。{/ p>

举一个上述Moose课程的例子,让我们给some一些论点:

package My;
use Moose;
sub some {
    my $self = shift;
    say "   " . __PACKAGE__ . " method 'some' args: " . join " ", @_;
}

创建My对象并调用$obj->some('pip', 'pop')后的输出:

My method 'some' args: pip pop

现在让我们来看看My2。将some定义为常规包方法:

package My2;
use Moose;
extends 'My';
sub some {
    my $self = shift;
    say "   # running 'some'";
    say "   " . __PACKAGE__ . " method 'some' args: " . join " ", @_;
    @_ = reverse @_;
    say "   # running \$self->SUPER::some with no args";
    $self->SUPER::some();
    say "   # running \$self->SUPER::some with reversed args";
    $self->SUPER::some( @_ );
    say "   # running super() with no args";
    super();
    say "   # running super() with reversed args";
    super( @_ );
};

创建My2对象,然后致电$obj->some('pip','pop')。输出:

# running 'some'
My2 method 'some' args: pip pop
# running $self->SUPER::some with no args
My method 'some' args: 
# running $self->SUPER::some with reversed args
My method 'some' args: pop pip
# running super() with no args
# running super() with reversed args
Arguments passed to super() are ignored at test.pl line 29.

注意事项:

  • super()在重新定义的方法中什么都不做;
  • super()不能参数;
  • $self->SUPER::some不会自动传递任何参数;
  • $self->SUPER::some的参数可以更改。

现在使用some重新定义override方法:

override 'some' => sub {
    my $self = shift;
    say "   # running 'some'";
    say "   " . __PACKAGE__ . " method 'some' args: " . join " ", @_;
    @_ = reverse @_;
    say "   # running \$self->SUPER::some with no args";
    $self->SUPER::some();
    say "   # running \$self->SUPER::some with reversed args";
    $self->SUPER::some( @_ );
    say "   # running super() with no args";
    super();
    say "   # running super() with reversed args";
    super( @_ );
};

输出:

# running 'some'
My2 method 'some' args: pip pop
# running $self->SUPER::some with no args
My method 'some' args: 
# running $self->SUPER::some with reversed args
My method 'some' args: pop pip
# running super() with no args
My method 'some' args: pip pop
# running super() with reversed args
Arguments passed to super() are ignored at test.pl line 29.
My method 'some' args: pip pop

注意事项:

  • super()方法现在可以正确调用超类方法some;
  • super()不能接受争论;它会自动使用您传递给子类方法的相同@_;
  • $self->SUPER::some的参数可以更改。

基本上由您来决定如何在子类中实现方法,但这应该说明override和标准方法重新定义之间的差异。