首先,我遵循Flux架构。
我有一个显示秒数的指示器,例如:30秒。每一秒它显示1秒减少,所以29,28,27直到0.当到达0时,我清除间隔,使其停止重复。而且,我触发了一个动作。调度此操作后,我的商店会通知我。因此,当发生这种情况时,我将间隔重置为30秒,依此类推。组件看起来像:
var Indicator = React.createClass({
mixins: [SetIntervalMixin],
getInitialState: function(){
return{
elapsed: this.props.rate
};
},
getDefaultProps: function() {
return {
rate: 30
};
},
propTypes: {
rate: React.PropTypes.number.isRequired
},
componentDidMount: function() {
MyStore.addChangeListener(this._onChange);
},
componentWillUnmount: function() {
MyStore.removeChangeListener(this._onChange);
},
refresh: function(){
this.setState({elapsed: this.state.elapsed-1})
if(this.state.elapsed == 0){
this.clearInterval();
TriggerAnAction();
}
},
render: function() {
return (
<p>{this.state.elapsed}s</p>
);
},
/**
* Event handler for 'change' events coming from MyStore
*/
_onChange: function() {
this.setState({elapsed: this.props.rate}
this.setInterval(this.refresh, 1000);
}
});
module.exports = Indicator;
组件按预期工作。现在,我想用Jest测试它。我知道我可以使用renderIntoDocument,然后我可以setTimeout为30s并检查我的component.state.elapsed是否等于0(例如)。
但是,我想在这里测试的是不同的东西。我想测试是否调用刷新函数。此外,我想测试当我的经过状态为0时,它会触发我的TriggerAnAction()。好的,我尝试做的第一件事就是:
jest.dontMock('../Indicator');
describe('Indicator', function() {
it('waits 1 second foreach tick', function() {
var React = require('react/addons');
var Indicator = require('../Indicator.js');
var TestUtils = React.addons.TestUtils;
var Indicator = TestUtils.renderIntoDocument(
<Indicator />
);
expect(Indicator.refresh).toBeCalled();
});
});
但是在编写npm test时我收到以下错误:
Throws: Error: toBeCalled() should be used on a mock function
我从ReactTestUtils看到一个mockComponent函数,但鉴于它的解释,我不确定它是否是我需要的。
好的,在这一点上,我被卡住了。任何人都可以告诉我如何测试我上面提到的两件事情吗?
这是我试图运行的测试(参见某些内容中的评论):
jest.dontMock('../Indicator');
describe('Indicator', function() {
it('waits 1 second foreach tick', function() {
var React = require('react/addons');
var Indicator = require('../Indicator.js');
var TestUtils = React.addons.TestUtils;
var refresh = jest.genMockFunction();
Indicator.refresh = refresh;
var onChange = jest.genMockFunction();
Indicator._onChange = onChange;
onChange(); //Is that the way to call it?
expect(refresh).toBeCalled(); //Fails
expect(setInterval.mock.calls.length).toBe(1); //Fails
// I am trying to execute the 1 second timer till finishes (would be 60 seconds)
jest.runAllTimers();
expect(Indicator.state.elapsed).toBe(0); //Fails (I know is wrong but this is the idea)
expect(clearInterval.mock.calls.length).toBe(1); //Fails (should call this function when time elapsed is 0)
});
});
我仍然误解了一些事情......
答案 0 :(得分:46)
看起来你正走在正确的轨道上。只是为了确保每个人都在同一页面上获得这个答案,让我们先来一些术语。
模拟:具有由单元测试控制的行为的函数。您通常使用mock函数替换某些对象上的实函数,以确保正确调用mock函数。 Jest会自动为模块上的每个功能提供模拟,除非您在该模块的名称上调用jest.dontMock
。
组件类:这是React.createClass
返回的内容。您可以使用它来创建组件实例(它比这更复杂,但这足以满足我们的目的)。
组件实例:组件类的实际呈现实例。这是您在致电TestUtils.renderIntoDocument
或许多其他TestUtils
函数后获得的内容。
在您的问题的更新示例中,您将生成模拟并将其附加到组件类而不是组件的实例。此外,您只想模拟要监视或以其他方式更改的功能;例如,你模仿了_onChange
,但你并不是真的想要,因为你希望它能够正常运行 - 它只是你要模拟的refresh
。
这是我为这个组件编写的一组测试;评论是内联的,所以如果您有任何问题,请发表评论。此示例和测试套件的完整工作源位于https://github.com/BinaryMuse/so-jest-react-mock-example/tree/master;你应该能够克隆它并运行它没有任何问题。请注意,我必须对组件进行一些小的猜测和更改,因为并非所有引用的模块都在您的原始问题中。
/** @jsx React.DOM */
jest.dontMock('../indicator');
// any other modules `../indicator` uses that shouldn't
// be mocked should also be passed to `jest.dontMock`
var React, IndicatorComponent, Indicator, TestUtils;
describe('Indicator', function() {
beforeEach(function() {
React = require('react/addons');
TestUtils = React.addons.TestUtils;
// Notice this is the Indicator *class*...
IndicatorComponent = require('../indicator.js');
// ...and this is an Indicator *instance* (rendered into the DOM).
Indicator = TestUtils.renderIntoDocument(<IndicatorComponent />);
// Jest will mock the functions on this module automatically for us.
TriggerAnAction = require('../action');
});
it('waits 1 second foreach tick', function() {
// Replace the `refresh` method on our component instance
// with a mock that we can use to make sure it was called.
// The mock function will not actually do anything by default.
Indicator.refresh = jest.genMockFunction();
// Manually call the real `_onChange`, which is supposed to set some
// state and start the interval for `refresh` on a 1000ms interval.
Indicator._onChange();
expect(Indicator.state.elapsed).toBe(30);
expect(setInterval.mock.calls.length).toBe(1);
expect(setInterval.mock.calls[0][1]).toBe(1000);
// Now we make sure `refresh` hasn't been called yet.
expect(Indicator.refresh).not.toBeCalled();
// However, we do expect it to be called on the next interval tick.
jest.runOnlyPendingTimers();
expect(Indicator.refresh).toBeCalled();
});
it('decrements elapsed by one each time refresh is called', function() {
// We've already determined that `refresh` gets called correctly; now
// let's make sure it does the right thing.
Indicator._onChange();
expect(Indicator.state.elapsed).toBe(30);
Indicator.refresh();
expect(Indicator.state.elapsed).toBe(29);
Indicator.refresh();
expect(Indicator.state.elapsed).toBe(28);
});
it('calls TriggerAnAction when elapsed reaches zero', function() {
Indicator.setState({elapsed: 1});
Indicator.refresh();
// We can use `toBeCalled` here because Jest automatically mocks any
// modules you don't call `dontMock` on.
expect(TriggerAnAction).toBeCalled();
});
});
答案 1 :(得分:6)
我想我明白你在问什么,至少是它的一部分!
从错误开始,您看到的原因是因为您已指示开玩笑不模拟指标模块,因此所有内部都是您编写的。如果你想测试那个特定的函数被调用,我建议你创建一个模拟函数,然后使用它...
var React = require('react/addons');
var Indicator = require('../Indicator.js');
var TestUtils = React.addons.TestUtils;
var refresh = jest.genMockFunction();
Indicator.refresh = refresh; // this gives you a mock function to query
接下来要注意的是你实际上是在示例代码中重新分配Indicator变量,所以为了正确的行为我会重命名第二个变量(如下所示)
var indicatorComp = TestUtils.renderIntoDocument(<Indicator />);
最后,如果您想测试随时间变化的内容,请使用围绕计时器操作的TestUtils功能(http://facebook.github.io/jest/docs/timer-mocks.html)。在你的情况下,我认为你可以这样做:
jest.runAllTimers();
expect(refresh).toBeCalled();
或者,也许稍微不那么挑剔的是依靠setTimeout和setInterval的模拟实现来推理你的组件:
expect(setInterval.mock.calls.length).toBe(1);
expect(setInterval.mock.calls[0][1]).toBe(1000);
另外一点,对于上述任何一项更改,我认为您需要手动触发onChange方法,因为您的组件最初将使用您商店的模拟版本,因此不会发生任何更改事件。你还需要确保你设置了jest以忽略react模块,否则它们也会被自动模拟。
jest.dontMock('../Indicator');
describe('Indicator', function() {
it('waits 1 second for each tick', function() {
var React = require('react/addons');
var TestUtils = React.addons.TestUtils;
var Indicator = require('../Indicator.js');
var refresh = jest.genMockFunction();
Indicator.refresh = refresh;
// trigger the store change event somehow
expect(setInterval.mock.calls.length).toBe(1);
expect(setInterval.mock.calls[0][1]).toBe(1000);
});
});