如何用`concat`表示`mapM`使用Lenses来连接IO操作的结果?

时间:2014-07-01 21:16:18

标签: haskell lens lenses

我试图找出如何将traverseOf>>=结合起来的方式,以便允许以下方式。

TLDR;普通Haskell中的一个简单例子就是这样,但在数据结构的深处使用镜头。

λ> fmap concat $ mapM ((return :: a -> IO a) . const ["he", "he"]) ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
["he","he","he","he","he","he"]

这里有一个带例子的冗长解释

data Foo = Foo [Bar] deriving Show
data Bar = Baz | Qux Int [String] deriving Show

makePrisms ''Foo
makePrisms ''Bar

items :: [Foo]
items = [Foo [Baz], Foo [Qux 1 ["hello", "world"], Baz]]

-- Simple replacement with a constant value
constReplace :: [Foo]
constReplace = over (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2.traverse) (const "hehe") items
-- λ> constReplace
-- [Foo [Baz],Foo [Qux 1 ["hehe","hehe"],Baz]]

-- Doing IO in order to fetch the new value. This could be replacing file names
-- with the String contents of the files.
ioReplace :: IO [Foo]
ioReplace = (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2.traverse) (return . const "hehe") items
-- λ> ioReplace
-- [Foo [Baz],Foo [Qux 1 ["hehe","hehe"],Baz]]

-- Replacing a single value with a list and concatenating the results via bind
concatReplace :: [Foo]
concatReplace = over (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2) (>>= const ["he", "he"]) items
-- λ> concatReplace
-- [Foo [Baz],Foo [Qux 1 ["he","he","he","he"],Baz]]

-- Same as the previous example, but the list comes from an IO action
concatIoReplace :: IO [Foo]
concatIoReplace = (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2) (return . (>>= const ["he", "he"])) items
-- λ> concatIoReplace
-- [Foo [Baz],Foo [Qux 1 ["he","he","he","he"],Baz]]

现在最后一个例子就是问题出在哪里,因为我通过改变正在应用的功能来作弊。在concatReplace我能够使用>>=(感谢#haskell-lens频道上的有用人员)来实现类似concatMap的功能。但在我的真实代码中,我的函数是String -> IO [String],它看起来像这样

correctConcatIo :: IO [Foo]
correctConcatIo = (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2) (>>= (return . const ["he", "he"])) items

但这个例子不再进行类型检查。我需要的是基本上将ioReplaceconcatReplace的逻辑放在一起,以便能够将类型为String -> IO [String]的函数应用于包含{{1}的数据结构}}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

如果字符串已经在列表中,则只能用[String]替换字符串(考虑将[Int]重新绑定到_Qux._1),因此必须将函数转换为{ {1}}并使用您已经证明过的方法替换整个列表:

[String]->IO [String]

您甚至可以将concatMapM组合到最后以获得concatMapM f l = fmap concat (mapM f l) doIOStuff s = return ['a':s, 'b':s] concatIO :: IO [Foo] concatIO = (traverse._Foo.traverse._Qux._2) (concatMapM doIOStuff) items 类型的内容,但它不够灵活,无法与大多数镜头组合使用。