Question

我在python中有以下列表：

rooms = [1,'John','Mike','Simona',2,'Peter','Mark',3,'Olivia']

我想把它转换成字典。整数表示房间和名称是字符串：

rooms = {'room1': ['John','Mike','Simona'], 'room2': ['Peter','Mark'], 'room3': ['Olivia']}

我怎样才能以优雅的方式做到这一点？

Answer 1

您可以使用itertools.groupby()按类型分组：

from itertools import groupby

grouped = groupby(rooms, type)
rooms = {}
for key, grp in grouped:
    roomname = 'room{}'.format(next(grp))
    rooms[roomname] = list(next(grouped)[1])

这会按对象类型将输入列表分组。这为您提供了int和str值的交替组。然后循环检索奇数组（整数）;循环体中的next(grouped)调用检索偶数组。

这假设a）你的第一个值是房间号，b）房间号从不直接跟另一个整数。如果是，则完全忽略这些整数。

演示：

>>> from itertools import groupby
>>> rooms = [1,'John','Mike','Simona',2,'Peter','Mark',3,'Olivia']
>>> grouped = groupby(rooms, type)
>>> rooms = {}
>>> for key, grp in grouped:
...     roomname = 'room{}'.format(next(grp))
...     rooms[roomname] = list(next(grouped)[1])
... 
>>> rooms
{'room2': ['Peter', 'Mark'], 'room3': ['Olivia'], 'room1': ['John', 'Mike', 'Simona']}

Answer 2

以下内容对您有所帮助。

rooms = [1,'John','Mike','Simona',2,'Peter','Mark',3,'Olivia']

new_dict = {}

for value in rooms:
    if isinstance(value, int):
        ID = "room"+str(value)        
    else:
        new_dict.setdefault(ID, []).append(value)

print new_dict

输出：

{'room1': ['John', 'Mike', 'Simona'], 'room2': ['Peter', 'Mark'], 'room3': ['Olivia']}

从混合类型列表构造字典

2 个答案: