我发现3D Vector
规范化存在问题。它似乎只发生在一些特定的数字上。每次调用标准化函数时,Vector
都会发生变化。
示例代码:
Vector3 v1(-0.965090453265, -0.210381150246, 0.156014174223);
std::cout.precision(15);
v1.normalize();
std::cout << v1 << std::endl;
v1.normalize();
std::cout << v1 << std::endl;
v1.normalize();
std::cout << v1 << std::endl;
v1.normalize();
std::cout << v1 << std::endl;
输出:
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
-0.965090453624725 -0.210381150245667 0.156014174222946
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
-0.965090453624725 -0.210381150245667 0.156014174222946
规范化功能:
void Vector3::normalize()
{
if ( length() == 0 )
return;
Vector3 x = *this;
float sqr = x.x * x.x + x.y * x.y + x.z * x.z;
*this = x * (1.0f / std::sqrt(sqr));
}
这是float
精度的问题,还是我的代码有问题?如何避免这个问题?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
编辑:刚刚弄清楚为什么我无法重现这个问题。
如果我将下面代码中的x /= len
更改为x *= ((t) 1.) / len
,那么我最终会得到您为floats
提供的内容,即超出前六位数的不一致答案(您不应该无论如何都要信任float
:
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
-0.965090453624725 -0.210381150245667 0.156014174222946
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
-0.965090453624725 -0.210381150245667 0.156014174222946
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
正如预期的那样,doubles
仍然是正确的,直到第15位:
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
仍然,float
结果始终与前六位数一致。
原始帖子:
这似乎只是“浮点精度问题”,因为单精度浮点数最多只能提供6-9 decimal digits of precision。我已经编写了代码来检查这一点,我的结果似乎并不像你的那么糟糕。
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
template <typename t>
class Vector3
{
public:
t x;
t y;
t z;
Vector3 (t x, t y, t z) :
x (x),
y (y),
z (z)
{}
void normalize()
{
t len = std::sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
if (len != 0.)
{
x /= len;
y /= len;
z /= len;
}
}
void println()
{
std::cout << x << " " << y << " " << z << std::endl;
}
};
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
std::cout.precision(15);
Vector3<float> v(-0.965090453265, -0.210381150246, 0.156014174223);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
{
v.normalize();
v.println();
}
return 0;
}
输出:
-0.965090334415436 -0.210381120443344 0.156014159321785
-0.965090394020081 -0.210381135344505 0.156014174222946
-0.965090394020081 -0.210381135344505 0.156014174222946
-0.965090394020081 -0.210381135344505 0.156014174222946
-0.965090394020081 -0.210381135344505 0.156014174222946
将Vector3<float>
更改为Vector3<double>
可获得一致的结果,直至第15位:
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
-0.965090340387771 -0.210381125639766 0.156014155975542
请注意,即使float
结果停止变化,数字实际上也不会超过前七位。