MPI派生类型发送

时间:2014-03-28 09:40:06

标签: c mpi

我尝试将派生类型发送给处理器。该类型包含来自其他派生类型的对象。我从Examples: Struct Derived Data Type开始了这个例子。我添加了我的代码。代码有点长,但两种类型基本相同。我的Part对象也有一个Particle对象,我想发送Part。我的结果是在代码之后。

#include "mpi.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#define NELEM 25

main(int argc, char *argv[])  {
int numtasks, rank, source=0, dest, tag=1, i;

typedef struct {
 float x, y, z;
 float velocity;
 int  n, type;
 }          Particle;

// Another struct to send
typedef struct {
 char character;
 Particle part ;
} Part ;

MPI_Request send_req;
MPI_Status stat;


MPI_Init(&argc,&argv);
MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &numtasks);

// Particle type 
Particle     particles;
MPI_Datatype particletype, oldtypes[2]; 
int          blockcounts[2];
MPI_Aint     offsets[2], extent;

offsets[0] = 0;
oldtypes[0] = MPI_FLOAT;
blockcounts[0] = 4;
MPI_Type_extent(MPI_FLOAT, &extent);
offsets[1] = 4 * extent;
oldtypes[1] = MPI_INT;
blockcounts[1] = 2;

MPI_Type_struct(2, blockcounts, offsets, oldtypes, &particletype);
MPI_Type_commit(&particletype);


// Part type 
Part party , party_received;
MPI_Datatype part_type,oldtype2[2];
int blockcount2[2];
MPI_Aint offset2[2],extent2; 

offset2[0] = 0;
oldtype2[0] = MPI_CHAR ;
blockcount2[0] = 1 ;

MPI_Type_extent(particletype,&extent);
offset2[1] = extent ;
oldtype2[1] = particletype ;
blockcount2[1] = 1 ;

MPI_Type_struct(2,blockcount2,offset2,oldtype2,&part_type);
MPI_Type_commit(&part_type);


party.character= 'a';

if (rank == 0) {

  particles.x = 1 * 1.0;
  particles.y = 1 * -1.0;
  particles.z = 1 * 1.0; 
  particles.velocity = 0.25;
  particles.n = 1;
  particles.type = 1 % 2; 

  party.part = particles;

  printf("Derived data type sending, character: %c \n",party.character);
  MPI_Isend(&party,1,part_type,1,tag,MPI_COMM_WORLD,&send_req);
  printf("particles sent %f %f %f %f %d %d \n", 
                        party.part.x,party.part.y,party.part.z,
                        party.part.velocity,party.part.n,party.part.type);
  }
if(rank == 1) {
  MPI_Recv(&party_received, 1, part_type, 0, tag, MPI_COMM_WORLD, &stat);
  printf("derived part type received character %c \n",party_received.character) ;
  printf("particles %f %f %f %f %d %d \n", 
           party_received.part.x,party_received.part.y,party_received.part.z,
           party_received.part.velocity,party_received.part.n,party_received.part.type);
 }
MPI_Type_free(&particletype);
MPI_Finalize();
}

结果每次都会改变。最后一个是:

Derived data type sending, character: a 
particles sent 1.000000 -1.000000 1.000000 0.250000 1 1 
derived part type received character a 
particles 0.000000 -2686527813451776.000000 0.000000 0.000000 1 1 

虽然character为真,但为什么Particle对象不是?我怎么能纠正它?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

你正在错误地计算偏移量。

offset2[0] = 0;
oldtype2[0] = MPI_CHAR ;
blockcount2[0] = 1 ;

MPI_Type_extent(particletype,&extent);
offset2[1] = extent ;  <--- WRONG
oldtype2[1] = particletype ;
blockcount2[1] = 1 ;

此处的偏移量不是结构的第二个成员的范围。它是第一个的范围+可能是一些填充(在你的情况下 - 3个字节的填充)。

为防止将来出现类似错误,我建议您改为使用offsetof()

#include <stddef.h>

offset[0] = offsetof(Part, character);
offset[1] = offsetof(Part, part);

使用扩展区计算偏移量在概念上是错误的,因为无法保证结构内部使用的填充符与扩展区匹配。一个简单的例子:MPI_CHAR在大多数系统上都有1个字节的范围,但是如果你有struct { char a; int b; }之类的结构,由于对齐要求,a和{之间将有3个字节的填充{1}}。这同样适用于您的b结构 - Part成员使用填充对齐,因为part的第一个成员是浮点数。

如果您的系统没有Particle,则可以将其替换为offsetof

MPI_Get_address