如何从Option
中提取引用并将其与调用者的特定生命周期一起传回?
具体来说,我想从Box<Foo>
中借用Bar
来引用Option<Box<Foo>>
。我以为我能做到:
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&mut self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
match self.data {
Some(e) => Ok(&e),
None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
}
}
}
......但结果是:
error: `e` does not live long enough
--> src/main.rs:17:28
|
17 | Some(e) => Ok(&e),
| ^ does not live long enough
18 | None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
19 | }
| - borrowed value only lives until here
|
note: borrowed value must be valid for the anonymous lifetime #1 defined on the body at 15:54...
--> src/main.rs:15:55
|
15 | fn borrow(&mut self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
| _______________________________________________________^ starting here...
16 | | match self.data {
17 | | Some(e) => Ok(&e),
18 | | None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
19 | | }
20 | | }
| |_____^ ...ending here
error[E0507]: cannot move out of borrowed content
--> src/main.rs:16:15
|
16 | match self.data {
| ^^^^ cannot move out of borrowed content
17 | Some(e) => Ok(&e),
| - hint: to prevent move, use `ref e` or `ref mut e`
嗯,好的。也许不吧。它看起来模糊地像我想做的与Option::as_ref
有关,就像我可以做的那样:
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&mut self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
match self.data {
Some(e) => Ok(self.data.as_ref()),
None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
}
}
}
......但是,这也不起作用。
完整代码我遇到了问题:
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Foo;
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Bar {
data: Option<Box<Foo>>,
}
#[derive(Debug)]
enum BarErr {
Nope,
}
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&mut self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
match self.data {
Some(e) => Ok(&e),
None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
}
}
}
#[test]
fn test_create_indirect() {
let mut x = Bar { data: Some(Box::new(Foo)) };
let mut x2 = Bar { data: None };
{
let y = x.borrow();
println!("{:?}", y);
}
{
let z = x2.borrow();
println!("{:?}", z);
}
}
我有理由相信我在这里做的事情是有效的。
答案 0 :(得分:15)
你确实可以使用Option::as_ref
,你只需要提前使用它:
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
self.data.as_ref().ok_or(BarErr::Nope)
}
}
有一个可变引用的伴随方法:Option::as_mut
:
impl Bar {
fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> Result<&mut Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
self.data.as_mut().ok_or(BarErr::Nope)
}
}
我可能会添加一个map
来删除Box
包装器:
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&self) -> Result<&Foo, BarErr> {
self.data.as_ref().ok_or(BarErr::Nope).map(|x| &**x)
}
fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> Result<&mut Foo, BarErr> {
self.data.as_mut().ok_or(BarErr::Nope).map(|x| &mut **x)
}
}
另见:
从Rust 1.26开始,匹配人体工程学允许你写:
fn borrow(&mut self) -> Result<&Box<Foo>, BarErr> {
match &self.data {
Some(e) => Ok(e),
None => Err(BarErr::Nope),
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:12)
首先,您不需要&mut self
。
匹配时,您应该将e
作为参考。您正在尝试返回e
的引用,但它的生命周期仅适用于该匹配语句。
enum BarErr {
Nope
}
struct Foo;
struct Bar {
data: Option<Box<Foo>>
}
impl Bar {
fn borrow(&self) -> Result<&Foo, BarErr> {
match self.data {
Some(ref x) => Ok(x),
None => Err(BarErr::Nope)
}
}
}