我正在使用capistrano和随时随地的宝石。
Capistrano使用我们的schedule.rb文件中详述的cronjob在我们的ubuntu服务器上部署和更新crontab。
但是cronjob没有发生。它失败了并且每5分钟给我发电子邮件这个错误：
/etc/profile.d/rvm.sh: line 67: __rvm_add_to_path: command not found
/home/pkatepalli/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- bundler/setup (LoadError)
from /home/pkatepalli/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/config/boot.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/pkatepalli/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from /home/pkatepalli/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from script/rails:4:in `<main>'
奇怪的是，我们使用的用户名与pkatepalli不同。 pkatepalli是我在服务器上的用户名。这就解释了为什么它会通过电子邮件向我发送错误 - 我认为。
另外，我们使用的是ruby 1.9.3而不是1.9.1。我不确定为什么它没有使用正确的红宝石版本。
在服务器上：
Bundler version 1.3.5
ruby 1.9.3p448 (2013-06-27 revision 41675) [x86_64-linux]
$ rbenv version
1.9.3-p448 (set by /[REMOVED]/current/.ruby-version)
但有趣的是，在当前目录中有ruby 1.9.1，我很困惑：
/current/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1
的Gemfile：
gem 'whenever', require: false
schedule.rb： 我尝试取消注释：env'PATH'，ENV ['PATH']，但是放入schedule.rb文件的PATH没有帮助。 在本地我们使用RVM而不是rbenv（在服务器上使用）。如果我们设置的话，我不确定是否会破坏路径：env'PATH'，ENV ['PATH']
#env 'PATH', ENV['PATH']
#set :output, "/log/cron.log"
#set :stage, :environment_variable
every 5.minutes, :roles => [:app] do
runner "Model.method"
end
deploy.rb：
require 'capistrano/log_with_awesome'
require "bundler/capistrano"
set :application, "[REMOVED]"
set :scm, :git
set :repository, "[REMOVED]"
set :branch, "master"
set :deploy_via, :remote_cache
set :user, "[REMOVED]"
set :password, "[REMOVED]"
set :deploy_to, "[REMOVED]"
set :keep_releases, 5
task :qa do
set :domain, "[REMOVED]"
role :web, "[REMOVED]", {:port => [REMOVED]} # Your HTTP server, Nginx
role :app, "[REMOVED]", {:port => [REMOVED]} # This may be the same as your `Web` server
set :env, "test"
end
task :production do
set :domain, "[REMOVED]"
role :web, "[REMOVED]", {:port => [REMOVED]} # Your HTTP server, Nginx
role :app, "[REMOVED]", {:port => [REMOVED]} # This may be the same as your `Web` server
set :env, "production"
end
set :use_sudo, false
default_run_options[:pty] = true
role :db, "[REMOVED]", {:port => [REMOVED], primary: true, :no_release => true}
after "deploy:setup", "deploy:chown"
namespace :bundle do
task :install, {:roles => :app} do
run "cd #{release_path} && bundle install --deployment --without development test"
end
end
before "deploy:assets:precompile" do
transfer :up, "config/application.yml", "#{shared_path}/application.yml", :via => :scp
run "ln -nfs #{shared_path}/application.yml #{release_path}/config/application.yml"
end
namespace :whenever do
task :start, :roles => :app do
run "cd #{release_path} && bundle exec whenever --update-crontab"
end
end
namespace :deploy do
task :execute_migrations, :roles => :app do
puts "RUNNING DB MIGRATIONS"
run "cd #{current_path}; bundle exec rake RAILS_ENV=#{env} db:migrate"
end
task :chown do
run "#{try_sudo} chown -R #{user} #{deploy_to}"
end
task :restart_nginx, {:roles => :web} do
run "#{try_sudo} touch #{File.join(current_path,'tmp','restart.txt')}"
end
before "deploy:restart_nginx", "deploy:execute_migrations"
after :deploy, "deploy:restart_nginx"
after "deploy:restart_nginx", "deploy:cleanup"
after "deploy:update", "whenever:start"
end
当我进入服务器并在应用的当前目录中运行crontab -l时：
# Begin Whenever generated tasks for: /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/config/schedule.rb
#0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55 * * * * /bin/bash -l -c 'cd /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143 && script/rails runner -e production '\''Model.method'\'''
# End Whenever generated tasks for: [REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/config/schedule.rb
当我像这样在服务器上运行cron作业时，我得到了这个结果：
:/[REMOVED]/current$ rails runner -e production '\''Model.method'\'''
Rails Error: Unable to access log file. Please ensure that /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/log/production.log exists and is chmod 0666. The log level has been raised to WARN and the output directed to STDERR until the problem is fixed.
/[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:53:in `eval': (eval):1: syntax error, unexpected $undefined (SyntaxError)
\Model.method'
^
(eval):1: unterminated string meets end of file
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:53:in `<top (required)>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:5:in `require'
from script/rails:5:in `<main>'
当我这样做的时候。我明白了：
[REMOVED]/current$ rails runner Model.method
Rails Error: Unable to access log file. Please ensure that [REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/log/development.log exists and is chmod 0666. The log level has been raised to WARN and the output directed to STDERR until the problem is fixed.
[REMOVED]/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `initialize': could not connect to server: Connection refused (PG::ConnectionBad)
Is the server running on host "localhost" ([REMOVED]) and accepting
TCP/IP connections on port 5432?
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `new'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1208:in `connect'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:326:in `initialize'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `new'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:315:in `new_connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:325:in `checkout_new_connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:247:in `block (2 levels) in checkout'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `loop'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:242:in `block in checkout'
from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:239:in `checkout'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:102:in `block in connection'
from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:101:in `connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:410:in `retrieve_connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:171:in `retrieve_connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:145:in `connection'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:308:in `clear_cache!'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:97:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:418:in `_run__249672195884464632__prepare__2220886522034318467__callbacks'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_prepare_callbacks'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:74:in `prepare!'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/actionpack-3.2.12/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:48:in `prepare!'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:47:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `each'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/application.rb:136:in `initialize!'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/application.rb:103:in `require_environment!'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:44:in `<top (required)>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:5:in `require'
from script/rails:5:in `<main>'
回应Leonid Shevtsov的回答：
我跑了：
rails runner -e production 'Model.method'
我得到了这个：
[REMOVED]/current$ rails runner -e production 'Model.methodName'
/[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:53:in `eval': undefined method `methodName' for #<Class:0x0000000570d668> (NoMethodError)
from (eval):1:in `<top (required)>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:53:in `eval'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands/runner.rb:53:in `<top (required)>'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `require'
from /[REMOVED]/releases/20140204194143/vendor/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/gems/railties-3.2.12/lib/rails/commands.rb:64:in `<top (required)>'
from script/rails:5:in `require'
from script/rails:5:in `<main>'
当我运行crontab -l时，我得到了每当生成的crons
答案 0 :(得分：1)
a）1.9.1是Ruby 1.9.3的“基础”版本（1.9.3被认为是Ruby 1.9.1的一个版本）;你在路径中看到它是正常的。
b）cron中的命令行是转义引号;手动检查的正确方法是rails runner -e production 'Model.method'
c）你确定错误不是来自本地安装的cron作业吗？ （查看crontab -l）
答案 1 :(得分：1)
好的，这有点复杂，缺少一些调试信息所以我会尝试猜测。
首先，您的系统上安装了rvm和rbenv似乎not a very good idea。尝试卸载其中一个，或者更好的是卸载它们并重新安装你喜欢的那个。
在您的部署脚本中，无论何时执行capistrano任务，您似乎已经自行推出。这不错，但whenever已经provides this out of the box得到了更好的支持（例如回滚）。您还可以获得有关未来问题的更好反馈。
这些都是潜在的陷阱，但它们可能不是你问题的原因。你似乎对Linux用户及其权限搞砸了。据我所知，您的生产系统上有两个用户：pkatepalli和另一个您注释掉的用户，让我们给他打电话deployer。
从我看到你试图从deployer的角度设置一切工作，这是一个很好的做法。
user变量设置为deployer。如果不是这就是问题的根源。这是capistrano用于登录并发出命令的用户。 crontab -l时，如果您在运行命令时使用pkatepalli登录，则会正确 ，这是您的问题。您已将任务写入错误用户的crontab。如果发生这种情况，则更有可能意味着您在上限部署期间从错误的用户运行whenever命令（在这种情况下，您需要在上限期间检查登录用户中的哪个）或者您实际运行了{来自两个用户的{1}}命令，您只会收到whenever的错误（在再次尝试之前清除您的crontab）。如果它看起来还可以，那么您可以尝试将-u username选项传递给pkatepalli命令（为此可能需要whenever）。sudo用户，您可以按照capistrano