如何在Android上使用Retrofit处理“无互联网连接”

Question

我想处理没有互联网连接的情况。通常我会跑：

ConnectivityManager cm =
    (ConnectivityManager)context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);

NetworkInfo activeNetwork = cm.getActiveNetworkInfo();
boolean isConnected = activeNetwork != null &&
                  activeNetwork.isConnectedOrConnecting();

（来自here）在向网络发送请求之前，如果没有互联网连接，则通知用户。

从我看到的情况来看，Retrofit没有具体处理这种情况。如果没有互联网连接，我会以超时为原因获得RetrofitError。

如果我想将这种检查结合到每个使用Retrofit的HTTP请求中，我应该怎么做？或者我应该这样做。

由于

亚历

Answer 1

我最终做的是创建一个自定义Retrofit客户端，在客户端执行请求之前检查连接并抛出异常。

public class ConnectivityAwareUrlClient implements Client {

    Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ConnectivityAwareUrlClient.class);

    public ConnectivityAwareUrlClient(Client wrappedClient, NetworkConnectivityManager ncm) {
        this.wrappedClient = wrappedClient;
        this.ncm = ncm;
    }

    Client wrappedClient;
    private NetworkConnectivityManager ncm;

    @Override
    public Response execute(Request request) throws IOException {
        if (!ncm.isConnected()) {
            log.debug("No connectivity %s ", request);
            throw new NoConnectivityException("No connectivity");
        }
        return wrappedClient.execute(request);
    }
}

然后在配置RestAdapter

时使用它

RestAdapter.Builder().setEndpoint(serverHost)
                     .setClient(new ConnectivityAwareUrlClient(new OkHttpClient(), ...))

Answer 2

自改造后1.8.0已弃用

retrofitError.isNetworkError()

你必须使用

if (retrofitError.getKind() == RetrofitError.Kind.NETWORK)
{

}

您可以处理多种类型的错误：

NETWORK与服务器通信时发生IOException，例如超时，没有连接等......

CONVERSION在（de）序列化主体时抛出异常。

HTTP从服务器收到非200 HTTP状态代码，例如502,503等...

UNEXPECTED尝试执行请求时发生内部错误。最好重新抛出此异常，以便应用程序崩溃。

Answer 3

@AlexV你确定当没有互联网连接时，RetrofitError包含超时作为原因（当调用getCause（）时出现SocketTimeOutException）？

据我所知，当没有互联网连接时，RetrofitError包含一个ConnectionException作为原因。

如果您实施ErrorHandler，可以执行以下操作：

public class RetrofitErrorHandler implements ErrorHandler {

    @Override
    public Throwable handleError(RetrofitError cause) {
        if (cause.isNetworkError()) {
            if (cause.getCause() instanceof SocketTimeoutException) {
                return new MyConnectionTimeoutException();
            } else {
                return new MyNoConnectionException();
            }
        } else {
            [... do whatever you want if it's not a network error ...]  
        }
    }

}

Answer 4

使用Retrofit 2，我们使用OkHttp Interceptor实现在发送请求之前检查网络连接。如果没有网络，则根据需要抛出异常。

这允许人们在点击Retrofit之前专门处理网络连接问题。

import java.io.IOException;

import okhttp3.Interceptor;
import okhttp3.Response;
import io.reactivex.Observable

public class ConnectivityInterceptor implements Interceptor {

    private boolean isNetworkActive;

    public ConnectivityInterceptor(Observable<Boolean> isNetworkActive) {
       isNetworkActive.subscribe(
               _isNetworkActive -> this.isNetworkActive = _isNetworkActive,
               _error -> Log.e("NetworkActive error " + _error.getMessage()));
    }

    @Override
    public Response intercept(Interceptor.Chain chain) throws IOException {
        if (!isNetworkActive) {
            throw new NoConnectivityException();
        }
        else {
            Response response = chain.proceed(chain.request());
            return response;
        }
    }
}

public class NoConnectivityException extends IOException {

    @Override
    public String getMessage() {
        return "No network available, please check your WiFi or Data connection";
    }
}

Answer 5

只要这样做，即使是

之类的问题，您也会收到通知

  

UnknownHostException

  

SocketTimeoutException

和其他人。

 @Override public void onFailure(Call<List<BrokenGitHubRepo>> call, Throwable t) {  
if (t instanceof IOException) {
    Toast.makeText(ErrorHandlingActivity.this, "this is an actual network failure :( inform the user and possibly retry", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    // logging probably not necessary
}
else {
    Toast.makeText(ErrorHandlingActivity.this, "conversion issue! big problems :(", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    // todo log to some central bug tracking service
} }

Answer 6

您可以使用此代码

<强> Response.java

import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;

/**
 * Created by hackro on 19/01/17.
 */

public class Response {
    @SerializedName("status")
    public String status;

    public void setStatus(String status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public String getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    @SuppressWarnings({"unused", "used by Retrofit"})
    public Response() {
    }

    public Response(String status) {
        this.status = status;
    }
}

<强> NetworkError.java

import android.text.TextUtils;

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import retrofit2.adapter.rxjava.HttpException;

import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED;

/**
 * Created by hackro on 19/01/17.
 */

public class NetworkError extends Throwable {
    public static final String DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE = "Please try again.";
    public static final String NETWORK_ERROR_MESSAGE = "No Internet Connection!";
    private static final String ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER = "Error Message";
    private final Throwable error;

    public NetworkError(Throwable e) {
        super(e);
        this.error = e;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return error.getMessage();
    }

    public boolean isAuthFailure() {
        return error instanceof HttpException &&
                ((HttpException) error).code() == HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED;
    }

    public boolean isResponseNull() {
        return error instanceof HttpException && ((HttpException) error).response() == null;
    }

    public String getAppErrorMessage() {
        if (this.error instanceof IOException) return NETWORK_ERROR_MESSAGE;
        if (!(this.error instanceof HttpException)) return DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE;
        retrofit2.Response<?> response = ((HttpException) this.error).response();
        if (response != null) {
            String status = getJsonStringFromResponse(response);
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(status)) return status;

            Map<String, List<String>> headers = response.headers().toMultimap();
            if (headers.containsKey(ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER))
                return headers.get(ERROR_MESSAGE_HEADER).get(0);
        }

        return DEFAULT_ERROR_MESSAGE;
    }

    protected String getJsonStringFromResponse(final retrofit2.Response<?> response) {
        try {
            String jsonString = response.errorBody().string();
            Response errorResponse = new Gson().fromJson(jsonString, Response.class);
            return errorResponse.status;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    public Throwable getError() {
        return error;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        NetworkError that = (NetworkError) o;

        return error != null ? error.equals(that.error) : that.error == null;

    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        return error != null ? error.hashCode() : 0;
    }
}

在您的方法中实施

        @Override
        public void onCompleted() {
            super.onCompleted();
        }

        @Override
        public void onError(Throwable e) {
            super.onError(e);
            networkError.setError(e);
            Log.e("Error:",networkError.getAppErrorMessage());
        }

        @Override
        public void onNext(Object obj) {   super.onNext(obj);        
    }

Answer 7

这就是我在API 29 & API 30上所做的事情：

1。我创建了一个简单的WiFiService类，该类将保存ConnectivityManager：

   class WifiService {
    private lateinit var wifiManager: WifiManager
    private lateinit var connectivityManager: ConnectivityManager

    companion object {
        val instance = WifiService()
    }

    fun initializeWithApplicationContext (context: Context) {
        wifiManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE) as WifiManager
        connectivityManager = context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE) as ConnectivityManager
    }

    // Helper that detects if online
    fun isOnline(): Boolean {
        val capabilities = connectivityManager.getNetworkCapabilities(connectivityManager.activeNetwork)
        if (capabilities != null) {
            when {
                capabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) -> return true
                capabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI) -> return true
                capabilities.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_ETHERNET) -> return true
            }
        }
        return false
      }
   }

2。创建ConnectivityInterceptor来检查互联网访问：

   class ConnectivityInterceptor: Interceptor {
    override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
        if (!WifiService.instance.isOnline()) {
            throw IOException("No internet connection")
        } else {
            return chain.proceed(chain.request())
        }
     }
   }

3。最后，在Retrofit2中使用它，如下所示：

   class RestApi {
    private val okHttpClient by lazy {
        OkHttpClient.Builder()
            .addInterceptor(ConnectivityInterceptor())
            .build()
    }

    // Define all the retrofit clients
    private val restApiClient by lazy {
        Retrofit.Builder()
            .baseUrl("http://localhost:10000")
            .client(okHttpClient)
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
            .build()
     }

     // ...
   }