如何在自定义configSection中指定集合

时间:2010-01-04 22:25:16

标签: .net configuration config-files

我想要一个xml配置文件,如下所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
    <section name="plugins" type="MyApp.PluginsConfiguration, MyApp"/>
</configSections>

<plugins>
    <use assembly="MyApp.Plugin1.dll" />
    <use assembly="MyApp.Plugin2.dll" />
</plugins>
</configuration>

我如何安排代码中PluginsConfigurations,UsePluginCollection和UsePlugin类之间的相互作用?

我在网上发现了this tutorial,但它会在插件中引入一个围绕使用集合的元素,我不需要这个。

This是我迄今为止所做的,但它不太正确

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:17)

如果MyApp.PluginsConfiguration是ConfigurationSection,那么您可以定义一个继承自ConfigurationElementCollection的新类,并使新类成为MyApp.PluginsConfiguration的ConfigurationProperty

查看this article以获取有关这些类型的一些深入信息。我也blogged about有嵌套属性,但不是专门用于集合。

编辑:这里有一些代码。给出了web.config中的这一点:

<configSections>
    <section name="plugins"
             type="WebApplication1.PluginsConfiguration, WebApplication1"/>
</configSections>
<plugins>
    <use assembly="MyApp.Plugin1.dll"/>
    <use assembly="MyApp.Plugin2.dll"/>
</plugins>

以下是实现这一目标的课程。请注意,可能需要处理NullReferenceExceptions。

namespace WebApplication1
{
    public class PluginsConfiguration : ConfigurationSection
    {
        private static ConfigurationPropertyCollection properties;
        private static ConfigurationProperty propPlugins;

        static PluginsConfiguration()
        {
            propPlugins = new ConfigurationProperty(null, typeof(PluginsElementCollection),
                                                          null,
                                                          ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsDefaultCollection);
            properties = new ConfigurationPropertyCollection { propPlugins };
        }

        protected override ConfigurationPropertyCollection Properties
        {
            get
            {
                return properties;
            }
        }

        public PluginsElementCollection Plugins
        {
            get
            {
                return this[propPlugins] as PluginsElementCollection;
            }
        }
    }

    public class PluginsElementCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
    {
        public PluginsElementCollection()
        {
            properties = new ConfigurationPropertyCollection();
        }

        private static ConfigurationPropertyCollection properties;

        protected override ConfigurationPropertyCollection Properties
        {
            get
            {
                return properties;
            }
        }

        public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
        {
            get
            {
                return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;
            }
        }

        protected override string ElementName
        {
            get
            {
                return "use";
            }
        }

        protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
        {
            return new PluginsElement();
        }

        protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
        {
            var elm = element as PluginsElement;
            if (elm == null) throw new ArgumentNullException();
            return elm.AssemblyName;
        }
    }

    public class PluginsElement : ConfigurationElement
    {
        private static ConfigurationPropertyCollection properties;
        private static ConfigurationProperty propAssembly;

        protected override ConfigurationPropertyCollection Properties
        {
            get
            {
                return properties;
            }
        }

        public PluginsElement()
        {
            propAssembly = new ConfigurationProperty("assembly", typeof(string),
                                                          null,
                                                          ConfigurationPropertyOptions.IsKey);
            properties = new ConfigurationPropertyCollection { propAssembly };
        }

        public PluginsElement(string assemblyName)
            : this()
        {
            AssemblyName = assemblyName;
        }

        public string AssemblyName
        {
            get
            {
                return this[propAssembly] as string;
            }
            set
            {
                this[propAssembly] = value;
            }
        }
    }
}

要访问它,此代码段应该有所帮助:

        var cfg = WebConfigurationManager.GetWebApplicationSection("plugins") as PluginsConfiguration;
        var sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach(PluginsElement elem in cfg.Plugins)
        {
            sb.AppendFormat("{0}<br/>", elem.AssemblyName);
        }
        testLabel.Text = sb.ToString();

基本上我们有一个处理plugins-element的ConfigurationSection。在这里,我们指定一个ConfigurationElementCollection属性并将其声明为默认集合(理论上你可以在一个根节点下有多个不同的集合)。

PluginsElementCollection实现ConfigurationElementCollection。 ElementName必须是标记的名称,在我们的例子中是“use”。此外,需要重写GetElementKey,并且应该返回条目中唯一的属性。

然后

PluginsElement实现单个use标记。我们只定义一个属性:AssemblyName,它映射到assembly-attribute。

我没有声称完全理解所有这些(特别是ConfigurationElementCollection,它的各种BaseAdd,BaseGet等属性在这里没有真正探索过),但我可以声称这有效:)

此外,它不使用任何属性。我讨厌属性 - 幸运的是,所有这些属性都可以转换为正确的代码。你可以使用其中一个(或两个)。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

根据本教程,您可以轻松创建XML配置,如下所示:

<MyApp>
  <Plugins>
    <add assembly="MyApp.Plugin1.dll" />
    <add assembly="MyApp.Plugin2.dll" />
  </Plugins>
</MyApp>

我认为完全可以接受。这是不可接受的原因吗?

修改

  

我不确定如何使用本教程完成这项工作。你需要某种中间元素(比如教程中有“动作”) - George Mauer

好的,试试这个尺码。我可能有一些拼写错误,因为我正在复制/粘贴/编辑我使用的一些代码,但它应该与我上面定义的XML一起使用。

public sealed class MyAppConfiguration : ConfigurationSection
{
    public const string MyAppConfigurationTagName = "MyApp";
    [ConfigurationProperty(MyAppConfigurationTagName, IsRequired = true)]
    public PluginConfigurationCollection Plugins
    {
        get
        {
            return this[MyAppConfigurationTagName] as PluginConfigurationCollection;
        }
        set
        {
            this[MyAppConfigurationTagName] = value;
        }
    }
}

public sealed class PluginConfigurationItem : ConfigurationElement
{
    // repeat this pattern for each additional attribute you want in the <add /> tag. 
    // Only the assembly="foo.dll" portion is defined in this class, and is accessed 
    // via the AssemblyName property. 
    public const string AssemblyPropertyName = "assembly";
    [ConfigurationProperty(AssemblyPropertyName, IsRequired = true, IsKey = true)]
    public string AssemblyName
    {
        get
        {
            return this[AssemblyPropertyName] as string;
        }
        set
        {
            this[AssemblyPropertyName] = value;
        }
    }
}

public class PluginConfigurationCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection, IEnumerable<PluginConfigurationItem>
{
    public const string PluginsElementName = "Plugins";

    protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
    {
        return new PluginConfigurationItem();
    }

    protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
    {
        return ((PluginConfigurationItem)element).AssemblyName;
    }

    protected override string ElementName
    {
        get
        {
            return PluginsElementName;
        }
    }

    // this is extraneous, but I find it very useful for enumerating over a configuration collection in a type-safe manner.
    #region IEnumerable<PluginConfigurationItem> Members

    public new IEnumerator<PluginConfigurationItem> GetEnumerator()
    {
        foreach(PluginConfigurationItem item in (this as IEnumerable))
        {
            yield return item;
        }
    }

    #endregion
}