DbContext为标量系统函数获取IQueryable(Count,Any,Sum,Max)

时间:2013-10-15 15:38:24

标签: linq-to-entities entity-framework-5 expression-trees lambda

我有DBContext和DbSet,叫做Assignments。 为可枚举表达式创建可查询并连接它们不是问题,但是我没有看到通过延迟执行来获取IQueryable的方法,如Count,Any,Max,Sum。

基本上我想要一些IQueryable扩展,所以我可以像这样执行它:

IQueryable<int> query = 
          myDbContext.SelectValue((ctx)=>ctx.Assignments.Where(...).Count())
.UnionAll(myDbContext.SelectValue((ctx)=>ctx.Assignments.Where(...).Count()));

并获取以下SQL(query.ToString()):

SELECT 
[UnionAll1].[C1] AS [C1]
FROM  (SELECT 
    [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        COUNT([Extent1].[UserId]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Assignments] AS [Extent1]
                WHERE ...
    )  AS [GroupBy1]
UNION ALL
    SELECT 
    [GroupBy2].[A1] AS [C1]
    FROM ( SELECT 
        COUNT([Extent2].[UserId]) AS [A1]
        FROM [dbo].[Assignments] AS [Extent2]
                WHERE ...
    )  AS [GroupBy2]) AS [UnionAll1]

重要提示:如您所见,我需要能够在子查询中使用它,使用联合和联接,最后生成一个SQL请求。我不能使用RAW SQL而且我不能为实体使用字符串名称,这就是为什么我没有看到ObjectContextAdapter.ObjectContext.CreateQuery为我工作。

Here 你可以找到一种使用ObjectContext实现它的方法,但我不能在我的情况下使用这种方法,因为它会抛出错误:

  

无法创建“分配”类型的常量值。只有原始   在此上下文中支持类型或枚举类型。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

与我对其他问题的回答相同的方法也适用于此。这是一个使用EF5的独立测试程序:

using System;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;

namespace ScratchProject
{
    public class A
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string TextA { get; set; }
    }

    public class B
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }

        public string TextB { get; set; }
    }

    public class MyContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<A> As { get; set; }

        public DbSet<B> Bs { get; set; }

        protected IQueryProvider QueryProvider
        {
            get
            {
                IQueryable queryable = As;
                return queryable.Provider;
            }
        }

        public IQueryable<TResult> CreateScalarQuery<TResult>(Expression<Func<TResult>> expression)
        {
            return QueryProvider.CreateQuery<TResult>(
                Expression.Call(
                    method: GetMethodInfo(() => Queryable.Select<int, TResult>(null, (Expression<Func<int, TResult>>)null)),
                    arg0: Expression.Call(
                        method: GetMethodInfo(() => Queryable.AsQueryable<int>(null)),
                        arg0: Expression.NewArrayInit(typeof(int), Expression.Constant(1))),
                    arg1: Expression.Lambda(body: expression.Body, parameters: new[] { Expression.Parameter(typeof(int)) })));
        }

        static MethodInfo GetMethodInfo(Expression<Action> expression)
        {
            return ((MethodCallExpression)expression.Body).Method;
        }
    }

    static class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            using (var context = new MyContext())
            {
                Console.WriteLine(context.CreateScalarQuery(() => context.As.Count(a => a.TextA != "A"))
                    .Concat(context.CreateScalarQuery(() => context.Bs.Count(b => b.TextB != "B"))));
            }
        }
    }
}

输出:

SELECT
[UnionAll1].[C1] AS [C1]
FROM  (SELECT
        [GroupBy1].[A1] AS [C1]
        FROM ( SELECT
                COUNT(1) AS [A1]
                FROM [dbo].[A] AS [Extent1]
                WHERE N'A' <> [Extent1].[TextA]
        )  AS [GroupBy1]
UNION ALL
        SELECT
        [GroupBy2].[A1] AS [C1]
        FROM ( SELECT
                COUNT(1) AS [A1]
                FROM [dbo].[B] AS [Extent2]
                WHERE N'B' <> [Extent2].[TextB]
        )  AS [GroupBy2]) AS [UnionAll1]

是的,实际执行查询也按预期工作。

更新

根据要求,您可以添加以下内容以使其适用于Expression<Func<MyContext, TResult>> expression)

public IQueryable<TResult> CreateScalarQuery<TResult>(Expression<Func<MyContext, TResult>> expression)
{
    var parameterReplacer = new ParameterReplacer(expression.Parameters[0], Expression.Property(Expression.Constant(new Tuple<MyContext>(this)), "Item1"));
    return CreateScalarQuery(Expression.Lambda<Func<TResult>>(parameterReplacer.Visit(expression.Body)));
}

class ParameterReplacer : ExpressionVisitor
{
    readonly ParameterExpression parameter;
    readonly Expression replacement;

    public ParameterReplacer(ParameterExpression parameter, Expression replacement)
    {
        this.parameter = parameter;
        this.replacement = replacement;
    }

    protected override Expression VisitParameter(ParameterExpression node)
    {
        if (node == parameter)
            return replacement;

        return base.VisitParameter(node);
    }
}

即使从当前上下文中调用,它仍然有效:

// member of MyContext
public void Test1()
{
    Console.WriteLine(this.CreateScalarQuery(ctx => ctx.As.Count(a => a.TextA != "A"))
        .Concat(this.CreateScalarQuery(ctx => ctx.Bs.Count(b => b.TextB != "B"))));
}

参数替换将上下文直接存储在Tuple<MyContext>而不是MyContext中,因为EF不知道如何处理Expression.Constant(this)。这是C#编译器永远不会产生的东西,因此EF不需要知道如何处理它。将上下文作为类的成员获取是C#编译器确实产生的,因此EF已经知道如何处理它。

但是,如果将CreateScalarQuery保存在局部变量中,则this的更简单版本也可以正常工作:

// member of MyContext
public void Test2()
{
    var context = this;
    Console.WriteLine(this.CreateScalarQuery(() => context.As.Count(a => a.TextA != "A"))
        .Concat(this.CreateScalarQuery(() => context.Bs.Count(b => b.TextB != "B"))));
}