Question

我有以下目录结构，例如：

/test_dir/d
/test_dir/d/cron
/test_dir/d/cache
/test_dir/d/...(more sub dirs)
/test_dir/tree
/test_dir/tree/a
/test_dir/tree/a/a1
/test_dir/tree/a/a2
...(and so on for b/ and c/ )

我编写了以下bash脚本，它有效地传递到/test_dir的第二级，因此它将会到达/test_dir/d/cron或/test_dir/tree/a，但不会更进一步。我无法弄清楚为什么递归脚本不会进一步传播有人请调试脚本并指出我的错误？

这是我写的：

#!/bin/bash

#script to recursively travel a dir of n levels

function traverse() {   

for file in `ls $1`
do
    #current=${1}{$file}
    if [ ! -d ${1}${file} ] ; then
        echo " ${1}${file} is a file"
    else
        #echo "entering recursion with: ${1}${file}"
            traverse "${1}/${file}"
    fi
done
}

function main() {
    traverse $1
}

main $1

这是输出：

/test_dir/a is a file
/test_dir/b is a file
/test_dir//dcache is a file
/test_dir//dcron is a file
/test_dir//dgames is a file
/test_dir//dlib is a file
/test_dir//dlog is a file
/test_dir//drun is a file
/test_dir//dtmp is a file
/test_dir/movies is a file
/test_dir//treea is a file
/test_dir//treeb is a file
/test_dir//treec is a file
/test_dir//treed is a file

我知道可能有更优雅的一行命令来执行此操作。但我试图以这种明确的方式做到这一点。我为这篇文章的篇幅道歉。

编辑：使用traverse "${1}/${file}"

Answer 1

脚本有几个问题。它应该是这样的：

#!/bin/bash

#script to recursively travel a dir of n levels

function traverse() {
for file in "$1"/*
do
    if [ ! -d "${file}" ] ; then
        echo "${file} is a file"
    else
        echo "entering recursion with: ${file}"
        traverse "${file}"
    fi
done
}

function main() {
    traverse "$1"
}

main "$1"

但是，递归遍历目录的正确方法是使用find命令：

find . -print0 | while IFS= read -r -d '' file
do 
    echo "$file"
done

Answer 2

/test_dir/treea is a file
/test_dir/treeb is a file
/test_dir/treec is a file
/test_dir/treed is a file

这些是错误。一些不仅不是目录而且不存在的一些被认为是文件。我认为您需要使用斜杠将新文件与目录分开：

    traverse "${1}/${file}"

并检查它们是否确实存在。

由于您也在使用bash，我建议使用此表单：

#!/bin/bash

shopt -s dotglob  ## Optionally would allow matches for directories beginning with .
shopt -s nullglob

function traverse {
    local a file
    for a; do
        for file in "$a"/*; do
            if [[ -d $file ]]; then
                traverse "$file"
            else
                echo " $file is a file."
            fi
        done
    done
}

traverse "$@"

您可以使用多个参数运行脚本。

脚本的固定版本：

#!/bin/bash

#script to recursively travel a dir of n levels

function traverse() {   
    for file in $(ls "$1")
    do
        #current=${1}{$file}
        if [[ ! -d ${1}/${file} ]]; then
            echo " ${1}/${file} is a file"
        else
            #echo "entering recursion with: ${1}${file}"
            traverse "${1}/${file}"
        fi
    done
}

function main() {
    traverse "$1"
}

main "$1"

BASH：编写脚本以递归方式运行N级目录

2 个答案: