Android活动和服务通信:如何使UI保持最新

时间:2013-09-11 16:03:17

标签: android android-activity android-service android-ui android-handler

我有一个活动A (不是主要的活动),它会启动服务S ,它会在后台执行某些操作,同时应该进行一些更改到A.的UI。

我们只是说 S从0到100 A应该在实时中显示此计数。由于S的实际工作非常复杂且耗费CPU,我不想使用AsyncTask(实际上“AsyncTasks理想情况下应该用于短操作(最多只需几秒钟)。 )[...]“)但只是在新线程中开始的常规ServiceIntentService也可以。)

这是我的活动A

public class A extends Activity {
    private static final String TAG = "Activity";
    private TextView countTextView;    // TextView that shows the number
    Button startButton;                // Button to start the count
    BResultReceiver resultReceiver;


    /**
     * Receive the result from the Service B.
     */
    class BResultReceiver extends ResultReceiver {
        public BResultReceiver(Handler handler) {
            super(handler);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onReceiveResult(int resultCode, Bundle resultData) {
            switch ( resultCode )  {
                case B.RESULT_CODE_COUNT:
                        String curCount = resultData.getString(B.RESULT_KEY_COUNT);
                        Log.d(TAG, "ResultReceived: " + curCount + "\n");
                        runOnUiThread( new UpdateUI(curCount) );  // NOT WORKING AFTER onResume()!!!
                   break;
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * Runnable class to update the UI.
     */
    class UpdateUI implements Runnable {
        String updateString;

        public UpdateUI(String updateString) {
            this.updateString = updateString;
        }

        public void run() {
            countTextView.setText(updateString);
        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.counter);

        countTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.countTextView);
        startButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.startButton);

        resultReceiver = new BResultReceiver(null);
    }


    public void startCounting(View view) {
        startButton.setEnabled(false);

        //Start the B Service:
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, B.class);
        intent.putExtra("receiver", resultReceiver);
        startService(intent);
    }
}

这是我的服务B

public class B extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "Service";
    private Looper serviceLooper;
    private ServiceHandler serviceHandler;
    private ResultReceiver resultReceiver;
    private Integer count;

    static final int RESULT_CODE_COUNT = 100;
    static final String RESULT_KEY_COUNT = "Count";


    /**
     * Handler that receives messages from the thread.
     */
    private final class ServiceHandler extends Handler {
        public ServiceHandler(Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
        }

        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            while ( count < 100 ) {
                count++;
                //Sleep...
                sendMessageToActivity(RESULT_CODE_COUNT, RESULT_KEY_COUNT, count.toString());
            }

            //Stop the service (using the startId to avoid stopping the service in the middle of handling another job...):
            stopSelf(msg.arg1);
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        //Start up the thread running the service:
        HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("ServiceStartArguments", Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
        thread.start();

        this.count = 0;

        //Get the HandlerThread's Looper and use it for our Handler
        serviceLooper = thread.getLooper();
        serviceHandler = new ServiceHandler(serviceLooper);
    }


    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        this.resultReceiver = intent.getParcelableExtra("receiver");

        //For each start request, send a message to start a job and deliver the start ID so we know which request we're stopping when we finish the job:
        Message msg = serviceHandler.obtainMessage();
        msg.arg1 = startId;
        serviceHandler.sendMessage(msg);

        //If we get killed, after returning from here, restart:
        return START_REDELIVER_INTENT;
    }


    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }


    /**
     * Send a message from to the activity.
     */
    protected void sendMessageToActivity(Integer code, String name, String text) {
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        bundle.putString(name, text);

        //Send the message:
        resultReceiver.send(code, bundle);
    }
}

一切正常但如果我点击后退按钮(或主页按钮),然后我重新打开活动A然后再打开A的UI不再更新(它只显示A的初始配置 - 即“startButton”仍然可以点击并且未显示计数 - 似乎 runOnUiThread(...)不是工作了。但是,服务B仍然在后台运行,我可以看到正确的计数传递到 Log.d(...)中的活动A.最后,如果我再次单击“startButton”,则计数不会从开头(0)开始,而是从B到达的位置开始(我已经通过在通知栏中显示它来仔细检查它)。

如何解决此问题?我想,当我重新打开活动A时,它会自动继续接收和更新服务B中的数据。或者换句话说,服务保持活动A的UI保持最新状态。

请给我一些提示,链接或一段代码。谢谢!

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

单击后退按钮时,Activity将被销毁。当您再次启动Activity时,您会获得一个新的Activity。旋转设备时也会发生这种情况。这是Android lifecycle event

对于繁重的商业逻辑而言,活动不利于显示内容/控制功能。 你要做的是创建一个简单的MVC,Model View Controller。视图(Activity)仅应用于显示结果和控制事件流。

Service可以包含count的数组,当您的Activity启动时onBind()您的服务正在运行(或者如果未运行,则会启动{ {1}}因为你绑定它)让Activity(View)得到结果数组并显示它。这种简单的设置不包括(M)模型业务逻辑。

<强>更新
稍后阅读一下这是Android官方文档和完美的开始,因为它有点你所要求的。正如您在Service中的示例中所见,活动与服务建立了连接,并且在onStart()中删除了连接。在onStop()之后没有任何关联。就像你要求的那样。我会采用这种设置,不要让onStop()不断发送数据,因为这会耗尽资源而Service并不总是在监听,因为它会在后台停止。
Here's an activity that binds to LocalService and calls getRandomNumber() when a button is clicked: