我被告知在插入大量元素之前调用vector.reserve()是一种好习惯。我刚刚遇到一种情况，我希望将大量const元素放入vector。但是，在调用reserve()时，会抛出编译器错误。
请考虑以下代码重现问题：
#include <vector>
int main()
{
std::vector<const int> vec;
vec.reserve(2);
}
这导致以下巨大的编译器错误：
In file included from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8/bits/c++allocator.h:33:0,
from /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/allocator.h:46,
from /usr/include/c++/4.8/vector:61,
from vecreserve.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of ‘struct __gnu_cxx::new_allocator’:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/allocator.h:92:11: required from ‘class std::allocator’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/alloc_traits.h:90:43: required from ‘struct std::allocator_traits >’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/alloc_traits.h:121:10: required from ‘struct __gnu_cxx::__alloc_traits >’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_vector.h:75:28: required from ‘struct std::_Vector_base >’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_vector.h:210:11: required from ‘class std::vector’
vecreserve.cpp:5:26: required from here
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h:93:7: error: ‘const _Tp* __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::address(__gnu_cxx::new_allocator::const_reference) const [with _Tp = const int; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::const_pointer = const int*; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::const_reference = const int&]’ cannot be overloaded
address(const_reference __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
^
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h:89:7: error: with ‘_Tp* __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::address(__gnu_cxx::new_allocator::reference) const [with _Tp = const int; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::pointer = const int*; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::reference = const int&]’
address(reference __x) const _GLIBCXX_NOEXCEPT
^
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h: In instantiation of ‘void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::deallocate(__gnu_cxx::new_allocator::pointer, __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::size_type) [with _Tp = const int; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::pointer = const int*; __gnu_cxx::new_allocator::size_type = long unsigned int]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_vector.h:174:4: required from ‘void std::_Vector_base::_M_deallocate(std::_Vector_base::pointer, std::size_t) [with _Tp = const int; _Alloc = std::allocator; std::_Vector_base::pointer = const int*; std::size_t = long unsigned int]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/vector.tcc:80:28: required from ‘void std::vector::reserve(std::vector::size_type) [with _Tp = const int; _Alloc = std::allocator; std::vector::size_type = long unsigned int]’
vecreserve.cpp:6:16: required from here
/usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h:110:30: error: invalid conversion from ‘const void*’ to ‘void*’ [-fpermissive]
{ ::operator delete(__p); }
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/ext/new_allocator.h:33:0,
from /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8/bits/c++allocator.h:33,
from /usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/allocator.h:46,
from /usr/include/c++/4.8/vector:61,
from vecreserve.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/new:95:6: error: initializing argument 1 of ‘void operator delete(void*)’ [-fpermissive]
void operator delete(void*) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT
^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8/vector:60:0,
from vecreserve.cpp:1:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h: In instantiation of ‘_OI std::__copy_move_a(_II, _II, _OI) [with bool _IsMove = true; _II = const int*; _OI = const int*]’:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:428:38: required from ‘_OI std::__copy_move_a2(_II, _II, _OI) [with bool _IsMove = true; _II = const int*; _OI = const int*]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:460:17: required from ‘_OI std::copy(_II, _II, _OI) [with _II = std::move_iterator; _OI = const int*]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:93:53: required from ‘static _ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy::__uninit_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = std::move_iterator; _ForwardIterator = const int*]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:117:41: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::uninitialized_copy(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _InputIterator = std::move_iterator; _ForwardIterator = const int*]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_uninitialized.h:258:63: required from ‘_ForwardIterator std::__uninitialized_copy_a(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _ForwardIterator, std::allocator&) [with _InputIterator = std::move_iterator; _ForwardIterator = const int*; _Tp = const int]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_vector.h:1142:29: required from ‘std::vector::pointer std::vector::_M_allocate_and_copy(std::vector::size_type, _ForwardIterator, _ForwardIterator) [with _ForwardIterator = std::move_iterator; _Tp = const int; _Alloc = std::allocator; std::vector::pointer = const int*; std::vector::size_type = long unsigned int]’
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/vector.tcc:75:70: required from ‘void std::vector::reserve(std::vector::size_type) [with _Tp = const int; _Alloc = std::allocator; std::vector::size_type = long unsigned int]’
vecreserve.cpp:6:16: required from here
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:390:70: error: no matching function for call to ‘std::__copy_move::__copy_m(const int*&, const int*&, const int*&)’
_Category>::__copy_m(__first, __last, __result);
^
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:390:70: note: candidate is:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:368:9: note: template static _Tp* std::__copy_move::__copy_m(const _Tp*, const _Tp*, _Tp*) [with _Tp = _Tp; bool _IsMove = true]
__copy_m(const _Tp* __first, const _Tp* __last, _Tp* __result)
^
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:368:9: note: template argument deduction/substitution failed:
/usr/include/c++/4.8/bits/stl_algobase.h:390:70: note: deduced conflicting types for parameter ‘_Tp’ (‘int’ and ‘const int’)
_Category>::__copy_m(__first, __last, __result);
^
为什么会这样？我是否应该reserve vector个const元素上的{{1}}来电话？如果是这样，为什么不呢？
答案 0 :(得分：9)
您违反了requirements所列的vector类元素。元素必须为CopyAssignable。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
const int不是放入任何标准容器的有效类型，因为它不可分配。