Question

我正在尝试使用Robolectric 2.1.1运行单元测试，但我不能让它扩展自定义布局（例如ViewPagerIndicator类）。假设这是我的布局：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="test"
            android:id="@+id/test_test"/>

    <com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

考虑这个我的测试类：

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class TestRoboActivityTest {
    private TestRoboActivity mActivity;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mActivity = Robolectric.buildActivity(TestRoboActivity.class).create().get();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mActivity = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testSanity() throws Exception {
        Assert.assertNotNull(mActivity);
    }
}

执行'mvn clean test'会导致

Tests in error:
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

很酷，所以似乎还不支持自定义视图。检查他们的website上的示例Robolectric项目，一个解决方案可能是从LayoutInflater扩展布局：

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class TestRoboActivityTest {
    private View mTestRoboActivityView;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mTestRoboActivityView = LayoutInflater.from(new Activity()).inflate(R.layout.test, null);
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mTestRoboActivityView = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testSanity() throws Exception {
        Assert.assertNotNull(mTestRoboActivityView);
    }
}

导致：

Tests in error: 
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

我的最后一招是尝试使用影子类：

@Implements(CirclePageIndicator.class)
public class CirclePageIndicatorShadow implements PageIndicator {

    @Override
    @Implementation
    public void setViewPager(ViewPager view) {
        // Stub
    }

    // etc.
}

并使用@Config(shadows = {CirclePageIndicatorShadow.class})。这再次导致了

Tests in error: 
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

修改（2014年12月）

请注意，David Rabinowitz后来添加了以下stracktrace。虽然相关，但这不是我当时面临的问题。

这是堆栈跟踪：

android.view.InflateException: XML file .\res\layout\activity_home.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.test.custom.RobotoTextView
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:613)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
    at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:241)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runNotIgnored(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:79)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:177)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:525)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    ... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: error converting RobotoMedium.ttf using EnumConverter
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:150)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:50)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.createTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:228)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.attrsToTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:203)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.access$000(ShadowResources.java:51)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:460)
    at android.content.res.Resources$Theme.obtainStyledAttributes(Resources.java)
    at android.widget.TextView.__constructor__(TextView.java:561)
    at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:447)
    at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:442)
    at com.test.custom.RobotoTextView.<init>(RobotoTextView.java:16)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
    at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
    ... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: no value found for RobotoMedium.ttf
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumOrFlagConverter.findValueFor(Converter.java:375)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumConverter.fillTypedValue(Converter.java:343)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumConverter.fillTypedValue(Converter.java:336)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:148)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:50)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.createTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:228)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.attrsToTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:203)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.access$000(ShadowResources.java:51)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:460)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
    at android.content.res.Resources$Theme.obtainStyledAttributes(Resources.java)
    at android.widget.TextView.$$robo$$TextView_347d___constructor__(TextView.java:561)
    at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:447)
    at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:442)
    at com.test.custom.RobotoTextView.<init>(RobotoTextView.java:16)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:525)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
    at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
    at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
    at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
    at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    ... 22 more

请你指点我正确的方向吗？我没有想法。感谢。

Answer 1

问题：

出现此问题，因为gradle以不同的方式合并项目依赖项（例如：compile project(':lib-custom')）和外部依赖项（例如：compile 'lib.package:name:1.1.0'）。在合并依赖项之后，app具有R.java文件，其中包含所有资源字段（颜色，ID，绘图，...）。但是，在合并子模块和外部依赖项之后，生成的R.java文件看起来有所不同。

此问题仅适用于在子模块中具有自定义视图的项目。在外部依赖的情况下，还有另一个问题，可以很容易地修复。阅读有关依赖项类型here。

对于项目依赖项，结果R.java文件包含所有资源标识符，但子模块中的标识符不等于其原始整数标识符：

com.lib.custom.R.color.primary != com.main.project.R.color.primary

对于外部依赖项，合并R.java文件只是来自所有外部依赖项的R.java文件的合并结果

com.lib.custom.R.color.primary == com.main.project.R.color.primary

解决方案：

我找到了两种可能的解决方案：

尽可能将您的依赖项从子模块转换为外部。例如，对于viepager指标，maven.org存储库中有一个项目 - fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator：library。但这仍然不够 - 您需要将相关项添加到project.properties文件到主sourceSet。更多信息here

示例：

// add this dependency to your gradle file instead of project dependency
compile 'fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator:library:2.4.1@aar'

// add library dependencies for robolectric (now robolectric knows 
// about additional libraries to load resources)
android.library.reference.1=../../../app/build/intermediates/exploded-aar/fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator/library/2.4.1

您可以检查此解决方案的差异here

在主应用下移动所有自定义视图。由于单元测试，将自定义视图移动到应用程序并不是一个好方法，但这也可以解决Error inflating class的问题。

我更喜欢第一种解决方案，但有时不可能将项目依赖性更改为外部。

我也将向Robolectric团队报告这个问题。

P.S。我project on github与此问题有关。

Answer 2

我使用使用它们的Activity在同一个测试类中测试视图。在这种情况下，我告诉Robolectric给出一个Activity的实例，然后我得到一个膨胀视图的实例：

@Before
public void setup(){
    activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MyActivity.class).create().get();
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(activity).inflate(R.layout.myView, null);
}
@Test
 public void allElementsInViewProduct(){
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view1));
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view2));
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view3));
 }

LE：我使用的是Robolectric 3.0，所以我不确定这是否适用于您。

Answer 3

mTestRoboActivityView = LayoutInflater.from(new Activity()).inflate(R.layout.test, null);

在这行代码中，您使用'new Activity（）'表示新Activity的实例，不适用于您当前的Activity。您可以通过在当前活动上传递实例来解决此问题。像这样使用 -

public class TestRoboActivityTest {
private View mTestRoboActivityView;
private Context mContext;

public TestRoboActivityTest(Context mContext){
    this.mContext=mContext;
}

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    mTestRoboActivityView = (LayoutInflater.from(mContext)).inflate(R.layout.test, null);
}

@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    mTestRoboActivityView = null;
}

@Test
public void testSanity() throws Exception {
    Assert.assertNotNull(mTestRoboActivityView);
}}

我不确定上面的代码是否正常工作但是用于参考，当前Activity的实例。请参阅它可能会对您有所帮助。

Answer 4

你不能在Roboelectric中膨胀视图，因为它不使用完整的Android框架，而是模仿掉所有的Android API。

您不应该使用roboelectric来测试实际的视图显示行为。它用于单元测试，只是为了测试你的业务逻辑，而不是查看绘图/显示等。为了实现这一点你可以编程创建视图对象并模拟出需要android系统的某些部分（使用 Mockito之类的东西或Powermock ）。例如，在roboelectic中的简单视图测试：

MyCustomView view = new MyCustomView();
assertNotNull(view.setSomeNo(2);
assertTrue(2, view.getSomeNo());

此外，如果您想测试视图的外观或渲染方式等，您应该使用在实际设备上运行的功能测试框架，例如 Espresso 或 Robotium

Answer 5

Viewpager在哪里？。它正在收到错误，因为CirclePageIndicator想要给视图充气，但没有什么可以膨胀。 indicator.setViewPager（寻呼机）;

使用Robolectric测试自定义视图

5 个答案:

问题：

解决方案：