printf 64位类型说明符问题

时间:2013-05-07 09:32:05

标签: c visual-c++ visual-c++-2010

我在msdev 2010中看到__int64类型的一些奇怪行为。有人能告诉我发生了什么吗? 我想这里有2个问题,首先是如何显示64位整数,其次是行为 - 即为什么它看起来像__int64实际上是32位int ...

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
  int vl_idx;
  unsigned __int64 vl_64;
  unsigned __int64 vl_64_test;

  for (vl_idx = 0; vl_idx < 64; vl_idx++)
  {
    vl_64 = 1 << vl_idx;
    printf ("vl_64 (%d) = %I64u\n", vl_idx, vl_64);
    printf ("vl_64 (%d) = %llu\n", vl_idx, vl_64);
    printf ("vl_64 (%d) = %lu\n", vl_idx, vl_64);
  }
  vl_64_test = 1 << 31;
  if (vl_64 > vl_64_test)
     printf ("greater\n");
  if (vl_64 == vl_64_test)
     printf ("equal\n");
  if (vl_64 < vl_64_test)
     printf ("less\n");

  return 0;
}

输出与前30次迭代的预期一致:

vl_64 (0) = 1
vl_64 (0) = 1
vl_64 (0) = 1
vl_64 (1) = 2
vl_64 (1) = 2
vl_64 (1) = 2
...
vl_64 (30) = 1073741824
vl_64 (30) = 1073741824
vl_64 (30) = 1073741824
vl_64 (31) = 18446744071562067968
vl_64 (31) = 18446744071562067968
vl_64 (31) = 2147483648
vl_64 (32) = 1
vl_64 (32) = 1
vl_64 (32) = 1
vl_64 (33) = 2
vl_64 (33) = 2
vl_64 (33) = 2
...
vl_64 (62) = 1073741824
vl_64 (62) = 1073741824
vl_64 (62) = 1073741824
vl_64 (63) = 18446744071562067968
vl_64 (63) = 18446744071562067968
vl_64 (63) = 2147483648
equal

但事情呢?溢出?在第32次迭代。这可能只是一个显示问题,但最后的比较表明不是这样。 这是使用msdev 2010 cl(64位版本)编译并在64位Windows操作系统(64位CPU)上运行。关于为什么比较表明1&lt;&lt;&lt; 31 == 1&lt;&lt;&lt;&lt; 63&lt; 63?

的任何建议

感谢您的任何建议,

吉姆

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

在处理范围超过int的任何内容时,您需要注意整数文字,例如你需要改变:

vl_64 = 1 << vl_idx;

为:

vl_64 = 1LLU << vl_idx;

否则右侧在被隐式转换为无符号64位结果之前首先被计算为int表达式。