我是C ++的新手,我正在开发一个程序,它会生成一个字符串的所有排列列表,但是我需要能够限制输出的长度,比如5个字符(这将是最多的)可能成为用户设置的变量号。我一直在寻找这样的事情一周,而我最接近的是以下代码。
#include <iostream>;
using namespace std;
void swap(char *fir, char *sec)
{
char temp = *fir;
*fir = *sec;
*sec = temp;
}
/* arr is the string, curr is the current index to start permutation from and size is sizeof the arr */
void permutation(char * arr, int curr, int size)
{
if(curr == size-1)
{
for(int a=0; a<size; a++)
cout << arr[a] << "";
cout << endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=curr; i<size; i++)
{
swap(&arr[curr], &arr[i]);
permutation(arr, curr+1, size);
swap(&arr[curr], &arr[i]);
}
}
}
int main()
{
string next;
char str[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890-";
permutation(str, 0, sizeof(str)-1);
cin.get();
cin.get();
}
此代码有效,但不限制输出的长度。它将输出长度设置为给定字符串的长度。它似乎也没有考虑输出中相同字母/数字的多个(这我不是100%肯定)。
此外,我需要设置特殊规则,例如,hypen不能是输出中的第一个或最后一个字符。
我试图通过将 sizeof(str)-1 替换为 5 来修改上述代码,但是它只会“循环”通过字符串中的前5个字符,所以超出“e”的任何东西都不会被处理。
如果有人可以提供帮助,我们将不胜感激。
感谢大家的出色帮助我现在要发布我的最终产品,以防其他人试图做同样的事情。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
void swap(char *fir, char *sec)
{
char temp = *fir;
*fir = *sec;
*sec = temp;
}
void permutation(char * arr, int size, char* result, int depth, int limit)
{
ofstream myfile ("permutation.txt", fstream::app);
if(depth == limit)
{
for(int a=0; a<limit; a++){
myfile << result[a] << "";
cout << result[a] << "";
}
myfile << "\n";
cout << endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=0; i<size; i++)
{
result[depth] = arr[i];
permutation(arr, size, result, depth + 1, limit);
}
}
myfile.close();
}
int main()
{
ofstream myfile ("permutation.txt");
myfile << "";
myfile.close();
string answer;
char *rArray;
string startProcess = "N";
std::cout << "Welcome to permutation v1" << endl;
std::cout << "-------------------------" << endl;
std::cout << "Please enter how long the string should be: ";
std::getline (std::cin,answer);
int result = atoi(answer.c_str());
rArray = new char[result];
std::cout << "\n\nThank You!\n" << endl;
std::cout << "Please wait, generating possible character array for length of " << result << "." << endl;
std::cout << "Would you like to proceed? Y = yes & N = no: ";
std::getline (std::cin,startProcess);
char str[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890";
if(startProcess == "Y")
{
permutation(str, sizeof(str)-1, rArray, 0, result);
}
else
{
std::cout << "\n\nOperation Terminated. No permutations being generated..." << endl;
}
cin.get();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
答案 0 :(得分:2)
您需要限制递归的深度
要对字符串中的字符进行排列,只使用一次:
void permutation(char * arr, int currsize, intchar* sizeresult, int depth, int limit)
{
if(depth == limit)
{
for(int a=0; a<limit; a++)
cout << arr[a]result[a] << "";
cout << endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=curr;i=0; i<size; i++)
{
swap(&arr[curr],result[depth] &arr[i]);= arr[i];
permutation(arr, curr+1size, sizeresult, depth + 1, limit);
swap(&arr[curr], &arr[i]);
}
}
}
像这样打电话
permutation(str, 0, sizeof(str)-1, result, 0, 5);
要对字符串中的字符进行排列,请使用每个字符无限次:
void permutation(char * arr, int size, char* result, int depth, int limit)
{
if(depth == limit)
{
for(int a=0; a<limit; a++)
cout << result[a] << "";
cout << endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=0; i<size; i++)
{
result[depth] = arr[i];
permutation(arr, size, result, depth + 1, limit);
}
}
}
像这样打电话
char result[5];
permutation(str, sizeof(str)-1, result, 0, sizeof(result));
答案 1 :(得分:0)
实际上这不是一项艰巨的工作。如果你可以在该函数中使用递归和循环,你可以解决它。我建议使用标准库中的next_permutation
函数。
事实是时间。在3秒内,您可以处理仅8个字符的排列。而且条件将取决于要求。假设在您的示例中,如果您需要在开始或结束时省略连字符,则可以修剪。
我的实施的伪代码:
char array[] = "abcdee";
char eachPerm[6];
bool usedmatrix[6][6];
Recur(int depth, int n)
{
// you can return from here if this is not the right path, suppose '-'
// in first or last place.
if(depth == n)
{
print;
}
else
{
int i;
for(i= 0 to array.length)
{
if(array[i] is not used before)
eachPerm[depth] = array[i];
recur(depth+1, n);
}
}
}
最初调用此函数recur(0, 5)
答案 2 :(得分:0)
感谢所有帮助过的人。正如承诺的最终来源:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
void swap(char *fir, char *sec)
{
char temp = *fir;
*fir = *sec;
*sec = temp;
}
void permutation(char * arr, int size, char* result, int depth, int limit)
{
ofstream myfile ("permutation.txt", fstream::app);
if(depth == limit)
{
for(int a=0; a<limit; a++){
myfile << result[a] << "";
cout << result[a] << "";
}
myfile << "\n";
cout << endl;
}
else
{
for(int i=0; i<size; i++)
{
result[depth] = arr[i];
permutation(arr, size, result, depth + 1, limit);
}
}
myfile.close();
}
int main()
{
ofstream myfile ("permutation.txt");
myfile << "";
myfile.close();
string answer;
char *rArray;
string startProcess = "N";
std::cout << "Welcome to permutation v1" << endl;
std::cout << "-------------------------" << endl;
std::cout << "Please enter how long the string should be: ";
std::getline (std::cin,answer);
int result = atoi(answer.c_str());
rArray = new char[result];
std::cout << "\n\nThank You!\n" << endl;
std::cout << "Please wait, generating possible character array for length of " << result << "." << endl;
std::cout << "Would you like to proceed? Y = yes & N = no: ";
std::getline (std::cin,startProcess);
char str[] = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890";
if(startProcess == "Y")
{
permutation(str, sizeof(str)-1, rArray, 0, result);
}
else
{
std::cout << "\n\nOperation Terminated. No permutations being generated..." << endl;
}
cin.get();
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}