Question

我一直试图将Nokogiri安装在我的电脑（Mountain Lion）上与rspec和capybara一起使用，但对于我的生活，我无法让它正常运行。

据我所知，问题在于nokogiri使用了错误版本的libxml2。到目前为止，我尝试使用Homebrew卸载并重新安装libxml2（确保它是最新版本），使用bundle卸载并重新安装nokogiri，并指定安装nokogiri gem时Homebrew安装的libxml2文件的确切路径。我最近的安装说明看起来像这样

sudo gem install nokogiri -- --with-xml2-include=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.0/include/libxml2 --with-xml2-lib=/usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.0/lib --with-xslt-dir=/usr/local/Cellar/libxslt/1.1.28

其中所有这些位置都正确对应于安装工具的位置。但是，在运行bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages.rb时，我仍然会得到此输出：

/Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/nokogiri-1.5.9/lib/nokogiri.rb:28:in `require': dlopen(/Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/nokogiri-1.5.9/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libxml2.2.dylib (LoadError)
Referenced from: /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/nokogiri-1.5.9/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle
Reason: Incompatible library version: nokogiri.bundle requires version 12.0.0 or later, but libxml2.2.dylib provides version 10.0.0 - /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/nokogiri-1.5.9/lib/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/nokogiri-1.5.9/lib/nokogiri.rb:28:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:72:in `block (2 levels) in require'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `each'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:70:in `block in require'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `each'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:59:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286@global/gems/bundler-1.3.4/lib/bundler.rb:132:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/config/application.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/config/environment.rb:2:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/config/environment.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/spec/spec_helper.rb:3:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/spec/spec_helper.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:1:in `require'
    from /Users/alex/Sites/harbingernews/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `load'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `block in load_spec_files'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `map'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:746:in `load_spec_files'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:69:in `run'
    from /Users/alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p286/gems/rspec-core-2.9.0/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:10:in `block in autorun'

我已经尝试了我在网上找到的所有步骤（大多数参考构建和加载不同版本的libxml2，如this one，但还没有成功。我的Gemfile和Gemfile.lock可以找到here。如果有人可以帮助我，我会非常感激。我无法在网上找到任何此类问题。

Answer 1

在Mavericks中，在安装gem之前安装库brew并设置NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES=1对我来说很有用。

汇总：

如果以前安装过，请卸载gem：
$ gem uninstall nokogiri
使用Homebrew安装libxml2，libxslt和libiconv：
$ brew install libxml2 libxslt libiconv
安装gem，指定要链接的库的路径：
$ NOKOGIRI_USE_SYSTEM_LIBRARIES=1 gem install nokogiri -- --use-system-libraries --with-iconv-dir="$(brew --prefix libiconv)" --with-xml2-config="$(brew --prefix libxml2)/bin/xml2-config" --with-xslt-config="$(brew --prefix libxslt)/bin/xslt-config"

Answer 2

这有助于我更新libxml并正确安装nokogiri ......

gem uninstall nokogiri libxml-ruby
brew update
brew uninstall libxml2
brew install libxml2 --with-xml2-config
brew link --force libxml2
brew install libxslt
brew link --force libxslt
bundle config build.nokogiri - --with-xml2-dir = / usr --with-xslt-dir = / opt / local --with-iconv-dir = / opt / local
捆绑安装

以下是来源：http://www.kormoc.com/2013/12/22/nokogiri-libxml2/

希望这有助于某人...

Answer 3

为了说清楚，Phrogz的评论帮助了我很多。我按照他链接的说明，在Nokogiri的Github页面上的What to do if libxml2 is being a jerk?页面。我最终使用的是Macports而不是Homebrew，我不确定这是不是产生了不同之处（我已经尝试了很多这些步骤）但不管怎么样，它现在似乎正常工作。

Answer 4

在遇到问题时升级OsX后用Google搜索了这个问题：

require': dlopen(/Users/tomi/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.1@my-gemset/extensions/x86_64-darwin-12/2.1.0-static/nokogiri-1.5.10/nokogiri/nokogiri.bundle, 9): Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib/libxml2.2.dylib (LoadError)

这对我有用

brew uninstall libxml2 libxslt libiconv brew install libxml2 libxslt libiconv

让nokogiri使用更新版本的libxml2

4 个答案: